forcongair

Old Irish

Etymology

From for- +‎ com- +‎ gairid.

Verb

for·congair (prototonic ·forgair, verbal noun forngaire)

1. to order someone else to do something
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 13^a27

     Far·congair-som tra sunt indsamuil precepte et labrad il-bélre ac[h]t ropo cho torbu æcolsa.

     Here, then, he orders [them] to imitate [his] preaching and to speak many languages, provided it benefits the Church.

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 15^a26

     .i. denom neich for·chongair recht

     to do [anything] the law orders

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 94^b3

     .i. ind aisndís .i. intan as·n-indet Dia ⁊ for·congair du doínib comallad a fírinne, is lour doib insin dia falgud, arní·cumgat comallad inna firinne-sin in ógai amal fornda·congair Dia doib ⁊ im·folṅgai son legad doib-som ⁊ techt hi piana huare nand·chumgat.

     i.e. the declaration, i.e. when God declares and orders men to fulfill His righteousness, that is enough to dismay them, for they cannot fulfill that righteousness completely, as God orders them to do, and that causes them to melt and to go into torments because they cannot do it.

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 161^b5

     airindí fonda·suidigedar hi cummato lasinni forsa·forgair, sech ba huaisliu intí for·chongair iar n-aicniud.

     because [supponit] puts itself on an equality with the one who orders it, though he that orders were naturally the superior.

Inflection

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.	for·congur; for·chongrimm (relative)		for·congair
	Prot.			·forgair				·forcongarar	·forngartar
Imperfect indicative	Deut.			far·chongrad (relative)
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.
	Prot.
Perfect	Deut.			forro·chongart; forru·chongart (relative)				forror·congrad
	Prot.
Future	Deut.	for·congér
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.				for·chongram (relative)
	Prot.
Past subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Imperative
Verbal noun		forngaire; forgaire
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Complex, class B II present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive

Mutation

Mutation of forcongair

radical	lenition	nasalization
for·congair	for·chongair	for·congair pronounced with /-ɡ(ʲ)-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “for-congair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language