finio - Wikiwand

Etymology

From fīnis (“boundary, limit”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈfiː.ni.oː]

(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈfiː.ni.o]

Verb

fīniō (present infinitive fīnīre, perfect active fīnīvī or fīniī, supine fīnītum); fourth conjugation

to finish, terminate
to set, appoint
to limit, bound
Synonyms: delīmitō, līmitō, moderor, inclūdō, claudō, minuō, coerceō
(figuratively) to restrain

Conjugation

More information indicative, singular ...

indicative	singular	plural
first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	fīniō	fīnīs	fīnit	fīnīmus	fīnītis	fīniunt
imperfect	fīniēbam	fīniēbās	fīniēbat	fīniēbāmus	fīniēbātis	fīniēbant
future	fīniam	fīniēs	fīniet	fīniēmus	fīniētis	fīnient
perfect	fīnīvī, fīniī	fīnīvistī, fīniistī	fīnīvit, fīniit	fīnīvimus, fīniimus	fīnīvistis, fīniistis	fīnīvērunt, fīnīvēre, fīniērunt, fīniēre
pluperfect	fīnīveram, fīnieram	fīnīverās, fīnierās	fīnīverat, fīnierat	fīnīverāmus, fīnierāmus	fīnīverātis, fīnierātis	fīnīverant, fīnierant
future perfect	fīnīverō, fīnierō	fīnīveris, fīnieris	fīnīverit, fīnierit	fīnīverimus, fīnierimus	fīnīveritis, fīnieritis	fīnīverint, fīnierint
passive	present	fīnior	fīnīris, fīnīre	fīnītur	fīnīmur	fīnīminī	fīniuntur
imperfect	fīniēbar	fīniēbāris, fīniēbāre	fīniēbātur	fīniēbāmur	fīniēbāminī	fīniēbantur
future	fīniar	fīniēris, fīniēre	fīniētur	fīniēmur	fīniēminī	fīnientur
perfect	fīnītus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect	fīnītus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect	fīnītus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive	singular	plural
first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	fīniam	fīniās	fīniat	fīniāmus	fīniātis	fīniant
imperfect	fīnīrem	fīnīrēs	fīnīret	fīnīrēmus	fīnīrētis	fīnīrent
perfect	fīnīverim, fīnierim	fīnīverīs, fīnierīs	fīnīverit, fīnierit	fīnīverīmus, fīnierīmus	fīnīverītis, fīnierītis	fīnīverint, fīnierint
pluperfect	fīnīvissem, fīniissem	fīnīvissēs, fīniissēs	fīnīvisset, fīniisset	fīnīvissēmus, fīniissēmus	fīnīvissētis, fīniissētis	fīnīvissent, fīniissent
passive	present	fīniar	fīniāris, fīniāre	fīniātur	fīniāmur	fīniāminī	fīniantur
imperfect	fīnīrer	fīnīrēris, fīnīrēre	fīnīrētur	fīnīrēmur	fīnīrēminī	fīnīrentur
perfect	fīnītus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	fīnītus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative	singular	plural
first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	fīnī	—	—	fīnīte	—
future	—	fīnītō	fīnītō	—	fīnītōte	fīniuntō
passive	present	—	fīnīre	—	—	fīnīminī	—
future	—	fīnītor	fīnītor	—	—	fīniuntor
non-finite forms	infinitive	participle
active	passive	active	passive
present	fīnīre	fīnīrī	fīniēns	—
future	fīnītūrum esse	fīnītum īrī	fīnītūrus	fīniendus, fīniundus
perfect	fīnīvisse, fīniisse	fīnītum esse	—	fīnītus
future perfect	—	fīnītum fore	—	—
perfect potential	fīnītūrum fuisse	—	—	—
verbal nouns	gerund	supine
genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
fīniendī	fīniendō	fīniendum	fīniendō	fīnītum	fīnītū

Conjugation of fīniō (fourth conjugation)

Related terms

Descendants

Italo-Dalmatian:
- Dalmatian: finir
- Italian: finire
- Neapolitan: fenire
- Sicilian: finiri
Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: finire
North Italian:
- Friulian: finî
- Venetan: finir
Gallo-Romance:
- Catalan: finir
- Franco-Provençal: fenir
- Old French: fenir, finir, finer
  - → English: finish, fine
    - → Danish: finish
    - → Dutch: finish
  - French: finir
    - → Romanian: fini
  - Norman: finir
- Occitan: finir
Ibero-Romance:
- Old Galician-Portuguese: fĩir, ⇒ fiinçer, ⇒ fĩidar
  - Galician: fiir, fincer (both archaic), findar
  - Portuguese: findar
- Old Spanish: fenir, ⇒ fenesçer
  - Spanish: finir, fenecer
    - → Portuguese: fenecer

References

“finio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“finio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
finio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to starve oneself to death: inediā mori or vitam finire
- to put an end to war: belli finem facere, bellum finire

Latin