clywed

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh clywet, from Proto-Brythonic *klüwid, from Proto-Celtic *klusīti, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈkləwɛd/
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈkləwad/
• (South Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈkləwɛd/
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈklɪu̯ɛd/
• Rhymes: -əwɛd

Verb

clywed (first-person singular present clywaf) (transitive, intransitive)

1. to hear
2. (obsolete) to listen

   Synonym: gwrando

3. (dialect) to identify or receive impressions through the senses (excluding sight)
   1. to feel

      Synonym: teimlo

   2. to smell

      Synonym: arogli

Conjugation

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	clywaf	clywi	clyw	clywn	clywch	clywant	clywir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional	clywn	clywit	clywai	clywem	clywech	clywent	clywid
preterite	clywais	clywaist	clywodd	clywsom	clywsoch	clywsant	clywyd
pluperfect	clywswn	clywsit	clywsai	clywsem	clywsech	clywsent	clywsid
present subjunctive	clywyf	clywech	clywo	clywom	clywoch	clywont	clywer
imperative	—	clyw	clywed	clywn	clywch	clywent	clywer
verbal noun	clywed
verbal adjectives	clywedig clywadwy

Conjugation (literary)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	clywa i, clywaf i	clywi di	clywith o/e/hi, clywiff e/hi	clywn ni	clywch chi	clywan nhw
conditional	clywn i, clywswn i	clywet ti, clywset ti	clywai fo/fe/hi, clywsai fo/fe/hi	clywen ni, clywsen ni	clywech chi, clywsech chi	clywen nhw, clywsen nhw
preterite	clywais i, clywes i	clywaist ti, clywest ti	clywodd o/e/hi	clywon ni	clywoch chi	clywon nhw
imperative	—	clywa	—	—	clywch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Conjugation (colloquial)

Derived terms

• clywed ar (ei galon) (“to feel inclined to”)
• clywch, clywch (“hear hear!”)
• clywadwy, hyglyw (“audible”)
• clywedog (“audible; loud, sonorous”)

Noun

clywed m (uncountable)

1. hearing; the ability to hear; the act of hearing; reaching ear

Mutation

Mutated forms of clywed

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
clywed	glywed	nghlywed	chlywed

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “clywaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies