cena

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cena"

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin cēna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈsɛ.nə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈse.na]
• Homophone: sena

Noun

cena f (plural cenes)

1. (Christianity, often capitalized) Ellipsis of Santa Cena; Last Supper
2. (archaic) Synonym of sopar (“supper”)

Further reading

• “cena” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
• “cena” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “cena”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:

cena

Wikipedia ^cs

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech cěna, from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɛna]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛna

Noun

cena f

1. price
2. prize

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	cena	ceny
genitive	ceny	cen
dative	ceně	cenám
accusative	cenu	ceny
vocative	ceno	ceny
locative	ceně	cenách
instrumental	cenou	cenami

Declension of cena (hard feminine)

Related terms

verbs

• cenit
• ocenit

 

Further reading

• “cena”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “cena”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “cena”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Gallurese

Alternative forms

• zena (Aggius)^[1]

Etymology

Inherited from Classical Latin cēna, from Old Latin cesna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā, from Proto-Indo-European *kért-sneh₂ (“portion”), derived from the root *(s)kert- (“to cut”), from *(s)ker-

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃɛna/^[1]

Noun

cena f (plural ceni)

1. dinner

References

1. Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Sassarese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃe.na/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ena
• Hyphenation: cé‧na

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin cēna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā, from Proto-Indo-European *kért-s-nh₂ (“portion”), from *ker-, *sker-. Compare Spanish cena and Portuguese ceia.

Noun

cena f (plural cene)

1. dinner (evening meal)

Derived terms

• cenare
• cenata
• cenerella
• cenetta
• cenettina
• cenina
• cenino
• cenona
• cenone
• cenuccia
• L'Ultima Cena

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

cena

1. inflection of cenare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

See also

• colazione
• pranzo

Anagrams

• acne, cane

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛ.na/
• Rhymes: -ɛna
• Syllabification: ce‧na

Noun

cena f

1. price (cost required to gain possession of something)

   Synonym: priz

2. value (meaning of something)

Derived terms

nouns

• cennik

 

verbs

• cenic impf

 

Further reading

• Stefan Ramułt (1893) “cena”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 16
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “cena”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎
• “cena”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latin

Alternative forms

• coena, cœna

Etymology

From Old Latin cesna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā (compare Umbrian śesna, Oscan kersnu), from Proto-Indo-European *kért-sneh₂ (“portion”), from root *(s)kert- (“to cut”), from *(s)ker- (compare Lithuanian kérti, Armenian քերթել (kʻertʻel, “to skin”), Sanskrit कृन्तति (kṛntáti, “he cuts (in pieces)”)).^[1] Related to cortex, scortum.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkeː.na/, [ˈkeːnä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃe.na/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːnä]

Noun

cēna f (genitive cēnae); first declension

1. dinner, supper, principal meal (anciently taken at noon, afterwards later)
2. (Medieval Latin, law, historical) gwestva (a duty levied by Welsh kings twice a year upon the free men of their kingdom)

Declension

First-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	cēna	cēnae
Genitive	cēnae	cēnārum
Dative	cēnae	cēnīs
Accusative	cēnam	cēnās
Ablative	cēnā	cēnīs
Vocative	cēna	cēnae

Derived terms

• antecēnium
• cēnāculum
• cēnāticus
• cēnō
• cēnula
• concēna
• domicēnium

 

Related terms

• cēnācellum
• cēnāculāria
• cēnāculārium
• cēnāculārius
• cēnāculātus
• cēnāssō
• cēnāticum
• cēnātiō
• cēnātiuncula
• cēnātor
• cēnātōria
• cēnātōrium
• cēnātōrius
• cēnāturiō
• cēnātus
• cēnitō
• concēnātiō
• incēnātus
• incēnō
• percēnō
• succēnō

 

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: tsinã
  • Romanian: cină
• Dalmatian:
  • caina
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: cena
    • → Sicilian: cena
  • Neapolitan: cena
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: cene
  • Ligurian: çenn-a
  • Lombard: sèna, zèna, scèna, sina
  • Piedmontese: sin-a, sen-a, sèina, sna
  • Romansch: tschaina
  • Venetan: sena, çéna, ẑena
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: céna (dialectal)
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • >? Aragonese: cena
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: cẽa, cea
    • Galician: cea
    • Portuguese: ceia
  • Spanish: cena
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: chena (Logudorese), cena (Campidanese)

Borrowings

• → Catalan: cena
• → French: cène, Cène
• → Occitan: cena
• → Proto-Brythonic: *kinjọ
  • Breton: koan
  • Cornish: koen
  • Welsh: cinio

Verb

cēnā

1. second-person singular present active imperative of cēnō

References

• “cena”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cena”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• cena in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cena in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the main dish: caput cenae (Fin. 2. 8. 25)
    
  • to invite some one to dinner: aliquem vocare, invitare ad cenam
    
  • to accept an invitiation to dinner: promittere (ad cenam) (Off. 3. 14. 58)
    
  • during dinner; at table: inter cenam, inter epulas
    
  • to invite oneself to some one's house for dinner: condicere alicui (ad cenam)
    
  • to welcome some one to one's table: adhibere aliquem cenae or ad cenam, convivio or in convivium
    
  • to set a repast before a person: cenam alicui apponere
    
• “cena”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “cena”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 106

Latvian

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:

cena

Wikipedia ^lv

Etymology

Borrowed from Slavic *cěna.

Noun

cena f (4th declension)

1. price

Declension

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	cena	cenas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	cenu	cenas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	cenas	cenu
dative (datīvs)	cenai	cenām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	cenu	cenām
locative (lokatīvs)	cenā	cenās
vocative (vokatīvs)	cena	cenas

Declension of cena (4th declension)

Old Polish

Alternative forms

• cana

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna. The shift from cana to cena was a generalization of forms such as w cenie, cenić, etc. First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /t͡sɛːna/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /t͡sena/

Noun

cena f

1. (attested in Greater Poland) price, value
   • 1874-1891 [15th century], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności‎^{, ,} , volume XXIV, Grochów, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Kcynia, page 64:

     Sine omni taxa czany

     [Sine omni taxa cany]

Derived terms

verbs

• cenić impf

 

Descendants

• Polish: cena
• Silesian: cena

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “cena”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “cena”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
• Mańczak, Witold (2017) “cena”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “cena”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “cena”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna. First attested in 1473.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

cena f

1. price (cost required to gain possession of something)
2. value (meaning of something)

Descendants

• Slovak: cena

References

• Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “cena”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

cena

Wikipedia ^pl

Alternative forms

• czyna (Middle Polish)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish cena.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛ.na/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡se.na/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛna
• Syllabification: ce‧na

Noun

cena f

1. price (cost required to gain possession of something)
2. value (meaning of something)

   Synonym: wartość

3. (Middle Polish, mathematics) value; size (size of a number; property of measurability)

   Synonym: wielkość

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	cena	ceny
genitive	ceny	cen
dative	cenie	cenom
accusative	cenę	ceny
instrumental	ceną	cenami
locative	cenie	cenach
vocative	ceno	ceny

Declension of cena

Derived terms

adjectives

• cenny
• cenowy

 

adverbs

• za cenę krwi
• za pół ceny
• za wszelką cenę
• za żadną cenę

 

nouns

• cena fabryczna

 

verbs

• cenić impf

 

verbs

• być w cenie impf
• nie mieć ceny impf
• zapłacić cenę pf, płacić cenę impf

 

Related terms

adjectives

• bezcenny
• drogocenny

 

adverbs

• bezcennie
• za bezcen

 

nouns

• bezcenność
• cennik
• ocena
• przecena
• wycena

 

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), cena is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 15 times in scientific texts, 25 times in news, 58 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 12 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 114 times, making it the 531st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

References

1. Ida Kurcz (1990) “cena”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 42

Further reading

• cena in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• cena in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “1. cena”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Krystyna Siekierska (30.01.2019) “CENA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “cena”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “cena”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “cena”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 262
• cena in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin scaena.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsẽ.nɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsẽ.nɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈse.na/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈse.nɐ/

• Rhymes: -enɐ, (Brazil) -ẽnɐ
• Homophone: sena
• Hyphenation: ce‧na

Noun

cena f (plural cenas)

1. scene
2. stage

   Synonym: palco

   em cena ― on stage

3. (Portugal, informal) thing

   Synonyms: coisa, (Brazil) negócio

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cena.

Sassarese

Pronunciation

• (Castelsardo) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃɛna/^[1]

Noun

cena f (plural ceni)

1. (dialectal) Alternative form of zena (“dinner”)

References

1. Mauro Maxia (2012) Fonetica storica del gallurese e delle altre varietà sardocorse (in Sassarese), Editrice Taphros, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Serbo-Croatian Wikipedia has an article on:

cena

Wikipedia ^sh

Alternative forms

• cijéna (Ijekavian)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sěːna/
• Hyphenation: ce‧na

Noun

céna f (Cyrillic spelling це́на)

1. price
2. value, worth

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	cena	cene
genitive	cene	cena
dative	ceni	cenama
accusative	cenu	cene
vocative	ceno	cene
locative	ceni	cenama
instrumental	cenom	cenama

Declension of cena

Derived terms

• cijeniti/ceniti

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish cena.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛ.na/
• Rhymes: -ɛna
• Syllabification: ce‧na

Noun

cena f

1. price (cost required to gain possession of something)
   • 2018, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, 9292‎, →ISBN, archived from the original on 12 November 2022, page 22:

     Na fejsbuku to wy mi ceny jajec abo masła niy łobniżycie.

     You all won't lower the price of eggs or butter for me on Facebook.

Slovak

Slovak Wikipedia has an article on:

cena

Wikipedia ^sk

Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak cena, from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sena]

Noun

cena f (genitive singular ceny, nominative plural ceny, genitive plural cien, declension pattern of žena)

1. price
2. value (meaning of something)
3. reward, prize
4. (sports) trophy; competition

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	cena	ceny
genitive	ceny	cien
dative	cene	cenám
accusative	cenu	ceny
locative	cene	cenách
instrumental	cenou	cenami

Declension of cena

Derived terms

• cenov
• cenove
• cenovo

 

Further reading

• “cena”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:

cena

Wikipedia ^sl

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *cěna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kainā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sèːna/

Noun

cẹ́na f

1. price (cost required to gain possession of something)

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Feminine, a-stem
nom. sing.	céna
gen. sing.	céne
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	céna	céni	céne
genitive (rodȋlnik)	céne	cén	cén
dative (dajȃlnik)	céni	cénama	cénam
accusative (tožȋlnik)	céno	céni	céne
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	céni	cénah	cénah
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	céno	cénama	cénami

Further reading

• “cena”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Spain) /ˈθena/ [ˈθe.na]
• IPA^(key): (Latin America, Philippines) /ˈsena/ [ˈse.na]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ena
• Syllabification: ce‧na

Etymology 1

Inherited from Latin cēna, from Proto-Italic *kertsnā, from Proto-Indo-European *kért-s-nh₂ (“portion”), from *ker-, *sker-.

Noun

cena f (plural cenas)

1. supper, dinner

Derived terms

• última cena

 

Related terms

• cenar

 

Etymology 2

Verb

cena

1. inflection of cenar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “cena”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014