bur - Wikiwand

See also: Appendix:Variations of "bur"

Translingual

Symbol

bur

(international standards) ISO 639-2/B language code for Burmese.

English

Alternative forms

burr

Etymology

From Middle English burre, from a North Germanic language, such as Danish burre (“bur, burdock”). See also burr. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

(US) IPA^(key): /bɝ/
- Audio (US): (file)
(Received Pronunciation, General Australian) IPA^(key): /bɜː/
- Audio (Southern England): (file)
(Scotland) IPA^(key): /bʌr/
(New Zealand) IPA^(key): /bøː/
(Liverpool, fair–fur merger) IPA^(key): /beː/
(Humberside, Teesside, fair–fur merger) IPA^(key): /bɛː/
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)
Homophones: burr, Burr; birr (fern–fir–fur merger); bare, bear (both fair–fur merger)

Noun

bur (plural burs)

A rough, prickly husk around the seeds or fruit of some plants.
Any of several plants having such husks.
A rotary cutting implement having a selection of variously shaped heads.
Alternative form of burr (“small piece of material”).

Derived terms

Translations

prickly husk — see burr

Anagrams

RUB, bru, rub

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Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse búr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /buːr/, [b̥uːˀɐ̯], [b̥uɐ̯ˀ]
Rhymes: -ur

Noun

bur n (singular definite buret, plural indefinite bure)

cage
(obsolete) (storage) room

Inflection

More information neuter gender, singular ...

Declension of *bur*
neuter gender	singular	plural
indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bur	buret	bure	burene
genitive	burs	burets	bures	burenes

References

“bur” in Den Danske Ordbog
“bur” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse burr, from Proto-Germanic *buriz. Cognate with Old English byre (“descendant, son”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /pʏːr/
Rhymes: -ʏːr

Noun

bur m (genitive singular burs, nominative plural burir)

(poetic) son

Usage notes

The word sees the most use in poetry and the phrase eiga börn og buru, making the regular accusative plural form buri rarer in practice than buru.

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

Declension of *bur* (masculine)
	singular	plural
indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	bur	burinn	burir	burirnir
accusative	bur	burinn	buru¹, buri²	burina
dative	bur	burnum	burum	burunum
genitive	burs	bursins	bura	buranna

¹Set phrases, poetic.
²Technically rare.

Derived terms

-bur

References

Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)
Kristín Bjarnadóttir, editor (2002–2025), “bur”, in Beygingarlýsing íslensks nútímamáls [The Database of Modern Icelandic Inflection] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies
Mörður Árnason (2019) Íslensk orðabók, 5th edition, Reykjavík: Forlagið
“bur” in the Dictionary of Modern Icelandic (in Icelandic) and ISLEX (in the Nordic languages)
“bur”, in Ritmálssafn Orðabókar Háskólans [The Written Collection of the Lexicological Institute] (in Icelandic), Reykjavík: The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, (Can we date this quote?)

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Istro-Romanian

Etymology

From Latin bonus, from Old Latin duenos, later duonus, from Proto-Italic *dw-enos. Compare Romanian bun.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bur/

Adjective

bur m (feminine burę, neuter buro, plural bur, feminine plural bure)

good

Javanese

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch boor (“drill”).

Noun

bur

drill

Latvian

Verb

bur

inflection of burt:
(with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of burt
(with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of burt

Maay

Noun

bur

flour

Maltese

More information Root ...

Root
b-w-r
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic بُور (būr).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /buːr/
Rhymes: -uːr

Noun

bur m (plural bwar, diminutive bura)

meadow, pastureland

Middle English

Noun

bur

(Early Middle English) Alternative form of bour

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse búr.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [bʉʷːɾ]

Noun

bur n (definite singular buret, indefinite plural bur, definite plural bura or burene)

cage
goal (sports)

Derived terms

burhøne, burhøns

References

“bur” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse búr.

Noun

bur n (definite singular buret, indefinite plural bur, definite plural bura)

cage
goal (sports)

Etymology 2

Verb

bur

present of bu

References

“bur” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būrą. Cognate with Old Saxon būr, Old High German būr (German Bauer (“birdcage”)), Old Norse búr (Swedish bur).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /buːr/

Noun

būr n

private chamber, room

Declension

Strong a-stem:

More information singular, plural ...

	singular	plural
nominative	būr	būras
accusative	būr	būras
genitive	būres	būra
dative	būre	būrum

Descendants

Middle English: bour, boure, bowre, bowur, bur (Early Middle English)
- English: bower
- Scots: bour

Old Frisian

Noun

būr m

a peasant, farmer

Inflection

More information singular, plural ...

Declension of *būr* (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	būr	būrar, būra
accusative	būr	būrar, būra
genitive	būres	būra
dative	būre	būrum, būrem

Old High German

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būrą (“dwelling”), whence also Old English būr, Old Norse búr.

Alternative forms

pūr

Noun

būr n

dwelling, quarters, bower
brūd in būre
a bride in the bower

Declension

More information case, singular ...

Declension of *būr* (masculine a-stem)
case	singular	plural
nominative	būr	būrā, būra
accusative	būr	būrā, būra
genitive	būres	būro
dative	būre	būrum
instrumental	būru	—

Descendants

Middle High German: būr
- German: Bauer (“birdcage”)

Etymology 2

More information A user has added this entry to requests for deletion(+). ...

	A user has added this entry to requests for deletion⁽⁺⁾.
Please see that page for discussion and justifications beyond the initial comment of: “This word is not attested. The only justification for reconstructing it would be to say that MHG bûre may be from merger of OHG *bûr and gibûro. But even then: it must be a reconstruction page and not here as a normal lemma.”. You may continue to edit this entry while the discussion proceeds, but please mention significant edits at the RFD discussion and ensure that the intention of votes already cast is not left unclear. Do not remove the `{{rfd}}` until the debate has finished.

From Proto-West Germanic *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“inhabitant”).

Noun

*būr m

peasant, farmer

Declension

More information case, singular ...

Declension of *būr* (masculine a-stem)
case	singular	plural
nominative	būr	būrā, būra
accusative	būr	būrā, būra
genitive	būres	būro
dative	būre	būrum
instrumental	būru	—

Related terms

gibūro
gibūr

Descendants

⇒ Middle High German: būre (“neighbor, farmer, peasant”)
- Alemannic German: Puur, Buur
- Bavarian: Baua
  - Mòcheno: pauer
- Central Franconian: Buur, Boor, Bouer, Bauer
  - Luxembourgish: Bauer
- German: Bauer (“farmer”)
  - → English: bauer; bower
  - → Polish: bauer
  - → Serbo-Croatian: pȁor, па̏ор
- Rhine Franconian: Bauer
  - Pennsylvania German: Bauer
- Yiddish: פּויער (poyer)
- → Upper Sorbian: bur

Old Norse

Noun

bur

accusative/dative singular of burr

Old Saxon

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz, whence also Old English būr, Old Norse búr.

Noun

būr m

Descendants

Low German: Buer, Boer

Etymology 2

Same as the masculine noun.

Noun

būr n

dwelling

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

ᛒᚢᚱ

Etymology

From Old Norse búr, from Proto-Germanic *būrą.

Noun

bur n

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

masculine	singular	plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	būrer	būrrin	būrar	būranir, būraner
accusative	būr	būrin	būra	būrana
dative	būri, būre	būrinum, būrenom	būrum, būrom	būrumin, būromen
genitive	būrs	būrsins	būra	būranna

Declension of būrer (strong a-stem)

Descendants

Swedish: bur c

Polish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbur/
Rhymes: -ur
Syllabification: bur

Noun

bur f

genitive plural of bura

Portuguese

Pronunciation

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈbuʁ/ [ˈbuh]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ˈbuɾ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈbuʁ/ [ˈbuχ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈbuɻ/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbuɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbu.ɾi/

Hyphenation: bur

Noun

bur m or f by sense (plural bures)

Archaic form of bóer.

Romagnol

FWOTD – 13 March 2013

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *burius, compare Italian buio.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /buːr/

Noun

bur m

darkness (lack of light)
- December 2007, Nevio Spadoni, Guido Bianchi, Urazion in la Ludla, il Papiro, page 9:
  Te, che t’vid / la luš int e’ mi bur, […]
  You, who sees / the light in my darkness, […]

Sumerian

Romanization

bur

Romanization of 𒁓 (bur)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish būr, from Old Norse búr, from Proto-Germanic *būrą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bʉːr/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ʉːr

Noun

bur c

a cage
(slang) a prison, a jail, an arrest
att sitta i buren
to be imprisoned

Declension

More information nominative, genitive ...

Declension of *bur*
		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	bur	burs
definite	buren	burens
plural	indefinite	burar	burars
definite	burarna	burarnas

Related terms

bura in

References

Veps

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian бу́рый (búryj).

Adjective

bur

brown

Inflection

More information Inflection of (inflection type 6/kuva), nominative sing. ...

Inflection of bur (inflection type 6/kuva)
nominative sing.	bur
genitive sing.	buran
partitive sing.	burad
partitive plur.	burid
	singular	plural
nominative	bur	burad
accusative	buran	burad
genitive	buran	buriden
partitive	burad	burid
essive-instructive	buran	burin
translative	buraks	burikš

inessive	buras	buriš
elative	buraspäi	burišpäi
illative	buraha	burihe

adessive	bural	buril
ablative	buralpäi	burilpäi
allative	burale	burile

abessive	burata	burita
comitative	buranke	buridenke
prolative	buradme	buridme

approximative I	buranno	buridenno
approximative II	burannoks	buridennoks
egressive	burannopäi	buridennopäi

terminative I	burahasai	burihesai
terminative II	buralesai	burilesai
terminative III	burassai	—

additive I	burahapäi	burihepäi
additive II	buralepäi	burilepäi

Noun

bur

brown

Inflection

More information Inflection of (inflection type 6/kuva), nominative sing. ...

Inflection of bur (inflection type 6/kuva)
nominative sing.	bur
genitive sing.	buran
partitive sing.	burad
partitive plur.	burid
	singular	plural
nominative	bur	burad
accusative	buran	burad
genitive	buran	buriden
partitive	burad	burid
essive-instructive	buran	burin
translative	buraks	burikš

inessive	buras	buriš
elative	buraspäi	burišpäi
illative	buraha	burihe

adessive	bural	buril
ablative	buralpäi	burilpäi
allative	burale	burile

abessive	burata	burita
comitative	buranke	buridenke
prolative	buradme	buridme

approximative I	buranno	buridenno
approximative II	burannoks	buridennoks
egressive	burannopäi	buridennopäi

terminative I	burahasai	burihesai
terminative II	buralesai	burilesai
terminative III	burassai	—

additive I	burahapäi	burihepäi
additive II	buralepäi	burilepäi

References

Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “бурый”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎, Petrozavodsk: Periodika

Welsh

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /bɨːr/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /biːr/

Adjective

bur

Soft mutation of pur.

Mutation

More information radical, soft ...

Mutated forms of *pur*
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
pur	bur	mhur	phur

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Zaghawa

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /bʊɾ/

Adjective

bur

little

Noun

bur

one's own child
Bur egi ― My child
the child of a woman's co-wife
(by extension) the child of one's brothers or cousins

References

Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad

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