ampu

Finnish

Etymology

From ampua (“to shoot, detonate”), either ampua +‎ -u or as a back-formation.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑmpu/, [ˈɑ̝mpu]
• Rhymes: -ɑmpu
• Hyphenation^(key): am‧pu

Noun

ampu (informal)

1. blast, detonation, explosion

   Synonyms: paukku, räjähdys, räjäytys

   Ampu tulee!

   Fire in the hole!

   Kaikki räjäytykset videoidaan useammalla suurnopeuskameralla, ja ampujen analysointi on auttanut kehittämään räjäytystekniikkaa.

   All blastings are recorded with multiple high-speed video cameras, and the analysis of the detonations has helped in improving the blasting techniques.

Declension

Not usually inflected.

Inflection of ampu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		ampu	amput
genitive		ampun	ampujen
partitive		ampua	ampuja
illative		ampuun	ampuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		ampu	amput
accusative	nom.	ampu	amput
	gen.	ampun
genitive		ampun	ampujen
partitive		ampua	ampuja
inessive		ampussa	ampuissa
elative		ampusta	ampuista
illative		ampuun	ampuihin
adessive		ampulla	ampuilla
ablative		ampulta	ampuilta
allative		ampulle	ampuille
essive		ampuna	ampuina
translative		ampuksi	ampuiksi
abessive		amputta	ampuitta
instructive		—	ampuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of ampu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ampuni ampuni accusative nom. ampuni ampuni gen. ampuni genitive ampuni ampujeni partitive ampuani ampujani inessive ampussani ampuissani elative ampustani ampuistani illative ampuuni ampuihini adessive ampullani ampuillani ablative ampultani ampuiltani allative ampulleni ampuilleni essive ampunani ampuinani translative ampukseni ampuikseni abessive amputtani ampuittani instructive — — comitative — ampuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ampusi ampusi accusative nom. ampusi ampusi gen. ampusi genitive ampusi ampujesi partitive ampuasi ampujasi inessive ampussasi ampuissasi elative ampustasi ampuistasi illative ampuusi ampuihisi adessive ampullasi ampuillasi ablative ampultasi ampuiltasi allative ampullesi ampuillesi essive ampunasi ampuinasi translative ampuksesi ampuiksesi abessive amputtasi ampuittasi instructive — — comitative — ampuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ampumme ampumme accusative nom. ampumme ampumme gen. ampumme genitive ampumme ampujemme partitive ampuamme ampujamme inessive ampussamme ampuissamme elative ampustamme ampuistamme illative ampuumme ampuihimme adessive ampullamme ampuillamme ablative ampultamme ampuiltamme allative ampullemme ampuillemme essive ampunamme ampuinamme translative ampuksemme ampuiksemme abessive amputtamme ampuittamme instructive — — comitative — ampuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ampunne ampunne accusative nom. ampunne ampunne gen. ampunne genitive ampunne ampujenne partitive ampuanne ampujanne inessive ampussanne ampuissanne elative ampustanne ampuistanne illative ampuunne ampuihinne adessive ampullanne ampuillanne ablative ampultanne ampuiltanne allative ampullenne ampuillenne essive ampunanne ampuinanne translative ampuksenne ampuiksenne abessive amputtanne ampuittanne instructive — — comitative — ampuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative ampunsa ampunsa accusative nom. ampunsa ampunsa gen. ampunsa genitive ampunsa ampujensa partitive ampuaan ampuansa ampujaan ampujansa inessive ampussaan ampussansa ampuissaan ampuissansa elative ampustaan ampustansa ampuistaan ampuistansa illative ampuunsa ampuihinsa adessive ampullaan ampullansa ampuillaan ampuillansa ablative ampultaan ampultansa ampuiltaan ampuiltansa allative ampulleen ampullensa ampuilleen ampuillensa essive ampunaan ampunansa ampuinaan ampuinansa translative ampukseen ampuksensa ampuikseen ampuiksensa abessive amputtaan amputtansa ampuittaan ampuittansa instructive — — comitative — ampuineen ampuinensa

Derived terms

• ampu tulee (“fire in the hole”)
• ampuhaukka

Further reading

• “ampu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈam.pu/
• Rhymes: -pu, -u
• Hyphenation: am‧pu

Etymology 1

Inherited from Malay ampu (“to support”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əmpu. Doublet of empu.

Verb

ampu

1. (dated) to support

   Synonyms: sangga, sokong

2. (law) to legally responsible for a minor (in loco parentis) or an incompetent person

   Synonym: wali

3. to teach a subject (mainly higher education institution subject)

   Synonym: ajar

4. (dated) to rule, to govern

Derived terms

• diampu
• diampukan
• mengampu
• mengampukan
• pengampu
• pengampuan

Noun

ampu (plural ampu-ampu)

1. (rare) Alternative form of empu

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Buginese [Term?]

Noun

ampu (plural ampu-ampu)

1. animal barrier from tops of coconut leaves.

Further reading

• “ampu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

ampu

1. Romanization of ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥꦸ

Malay

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈam.pu/
• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: am‧pu

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əmpu. Doublet of empu.

Verb

ampu (Jawi spelling امڤو)

1. to hold something by the palms upwards
2. to uphold, to support

   Synonyms: sangga, sokong

3. to flatter

Derived terms

• ampuan
• diampu
• diampukan
• mengampu
• mengampukan
• pengampu
• pengampuan

Noun

ampu (Jawi spelling امڤو, plural ampu-ampu, informal 1st possessive ampuku, 2nd possessive ampumu, 3rd possessive ampunya)

1. flattery
2. Alternative form of empu

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Buginese [Term?]

Noun

ampu (plural ampu-ampu, informal 1st possessive ampuku, 2nd possessive ampumu, 3rd possessive ampunya)

1. animal barrier from tops of coconut leaves.

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “امڤو ampoe”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, pages 14-5
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “امڤو ampu”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 39
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “ampu”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 26

Further reading

• “ampu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Old Javanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *empu. Cognate with Toba Batak ompu, Malay perempuan.

Noun

ampu

1. a distinguished person
2. religious persons (brahmans and others)
3. sir, master, lord
4. the honorable or reverend

Alternative forms

• pu
• mpu
• ĕmpu

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥꦸ (ampu) (inherited)

Further reading

• "ampu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.