退
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Translingual
Han character
退 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜日女 (YAV), four-corner 37303, composition ⿺辶艮)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1256, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38839
- Dae Jaweon: page 1740, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3834, character 4
- Unihan data for U+9000
Chinese
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 退 | ||
---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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In oracle bone script, ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 皀 (“food vessel”) + 夊 (“downward foot”) – to leave the table after eating. Variants that depicted the vessel as 酉 or 豆 were common. Bronze inscriptions added 彳 to emphasize the action of walking away.
In the modern form the vessel 皀 has simplified to the unrelated 艮, similar to ⾷, 即, 既, 郷.
Shuowen misinterprets the seal script form as ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 彳 (“move”) + 夊 (“walk”) + 日 (“sun”) – to walk away from the sun, to retreat.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): tui4
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): tui3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): tui3
- Northern Min (KCR): do̿ / to̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): tó̤i
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): toe4 / tui4 / tue4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5the
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tei4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tuèi
- Wade–Giles: tʻui4
- Yale: twèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tuey
- Palladius: туй (tuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: tui4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tui
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰuei²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: teoi3
- Yale: teui
- Cantonese Pinyin: toey3
- Guangdong Romanization: têu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɵy̯³³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: hui1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hui³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: tui3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰui²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thui
- Hakka Romanization System: tui
- Hagfa Pinyim: tui4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰu̯i⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: tuiˇ
- Sinological IPA: /tʰui¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: tui3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tʰuei⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: do̿ / to̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /to³³/, /tʰo³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: tó̤i
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɔy²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: toe4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: te̤̍
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰø⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: tui4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: tu̍i
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰui⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: tue4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: to̍i
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰuei⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Magong, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thè
- Tâi-lô: thè
- Phofsit Daibuun: tex
- IPA (Philippines): /tʰe⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰe¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tʰe²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòe
- Tâi-lô: thuè
- Phofsit Daibuun: toex
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰue²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰue⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Magong, Philippines)
- Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou:
- thè/thèr - vernacular;
- thòe - literary.
Note:
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: thwojH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥ˤ[u]p-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*n̥ʰuːbs/
Definitions
退
- to step back; to move backwards
- to withdraw; to leave
- to cause to move backward
- to recede; to fade; to ebb
- to return (a purchase, etc.); to refund
- to cancel; to call off
Synonyms
- (to withdraw):
- (to return):
- (to cancel):
Antonyms
Compounds
- 不知進退 / 不知进退 (bùzhījìntuì)
- 不識進退 / 不识进退
- 不退
- 以退為進 / 以退为进 (yǐtuìwéijìn)
- 倒退 (dàotuì)
- 功成身退 (gōngchéngshēntuì)
- 功遂身退
- 勇退
- 勇退激流
- 叱退 (chìtuì)
- 吐退
- 告退 (gàotuì)
- 多退少補 / 多退少补
- 屏退 (bǐngtuì)
- 延退
- 引退 (yǐntuì)
- 後退 / 后退 (hòutuì)
- 後退色 / 后退色
- 急流勇退 (jíliúyǒngtuì)
- 恬退
- 打退 (dǎtuì)
- 打退堂鼓 (dǎ tuìtánggǔ)
- 撤退 (chètuì)
- 擊退 / 击退 (jītuì)
- 故退
- 敗退 / 败退 (bàituì)
- 斥退 (chìtuì)
- 旅進旅退 / 旅进旅退
- 早退 (zǎotuì)
- 有進無退 / 有进无退
- 沖退 / 冲退
- 消退 (xiāotuì)
- 海退
- 減退 / 减退 (jiǎntuì)
- 牛餼退敵 / 牛饩退敌
- 留退步
- 病退 (bìngtuì)
- 知難而退 / 知难而退 (zhīnán'értuì)
- 祛退
- 節節敗退 / 节节败退 (jiéjiébàituì)
- 簽退 / 签退
- 素退
- 罷退 / 罢退
- 衰退 (shuāituì)
- 謙退 / 谦退
- 趨前退後 / 趋前退后
- 身退功成
- 車無退表 / 车无退表
- 辭退 / 辞退 (cítuì)
- 退一步 (tuì yī bù)
- 退一步想
- 退件
- 退伙
- 退休 (tuìxiū)
- 退伍 (tuìwǔ)
- 退休金 (tuìxiūjīn)
- 退佃 (tuìdiàn)
- 退位 (tuìwèi)
- 退保 (tuìbǎo)
- 退兵 (tuìbīng)
- 退冰 (tuìbīng)
- 退出 (tuìchū)
- 退前縮後 / 退前缩后
- 退化 (tuìhuà)
- 退化現象 / 退化现象
- 退卻 / 退却 (tuìquè)
- 退回 (tuìhuí)
- 退團 / 退团 (tuìtuán)
- 退坡 (tuìpō)
- 退堂 (tuìtáng)
- 退堂鼓 (tuìtánggǔ)
- 退場 / 退场 (tuìchǎng)
- 退如山移
- 退婚 (tuìhūn)
- 退婚書 / 退婚书
- 退學 / 退学 (tuìxué)
- 退守 (tuìshǒu)
- 退室
- 退居 (tuìjū)
- 退居幕後 / 退居幕后
- 退席 (tuìxí)
- 退庭
- 退役 (tuìyì)
- 退後 / 退后 (tuìhòu)
- 退徙三舍
- 退怯怯
- 退思補過 / 退思补过
- 退息
- 退悔
- 退房 (tuìfáng)
- 退換 / 退换 (tuìhuàn)
- 退故
- 退敵 / 退敌 (tuìdí)
- 退有後言 / 退有后言
- 退款 (tuìkuǎn)
- 退步 (tuìbù)
- 退潮 (tuìcháo)
- 退火 (tuìhuǒ)
- 退熱 / 退热 (tuìrè)
- 退燒 / 退烧 (tuìshāo)
- 退現 / 退现
- 退瓶
- 退省 (tuìxǐng)
- 退票 (tuìpiào)
- 退租
- 退稅 / 退税 (tuìshuì)
- 退稿 (tuìgǎo)
- 退筆 / 退笔
- 退縮 / 退缩 (tuìsuō)
- 退老
- 退職 / 退职 (tuìzhí)
- 退股
- 退色
- 退落
- 退藏於密 / 退藏于密
- 退親 / 退亲 (tuìqīn)
- 退讓 / 退让 (tuìràng)
- 退貨 / 退货 (tuìhuò)
- 退費 / 退费
- 退賠 / 退赔 (tuìpéi)
- 退贓 / 退赃
- 退走 (tuìzǒu)
- 退路 (tuìlù)
- 退身步兒 / 退身步儿
- 退軍 / 退军 (tuìjūn)
- 退送
- 退送紙 / 退送纸
- 退選 / 退选 (tuìxuǎn)
- 退避 (tuìbì)
- 退還 / 退还 (tuìhuán)
- 退避三舍 (tuìbìsānshè)
- 逃避退縮 / 逃避退缩
- 退針 / 退针
- 退錢 / 退钱 (tuìqián)
- 退除役
- 退隱 / 退隐 (tuìyǐn)
- 退食
- 進寸退尺 / 进寸退尺
- 進退 / 进退 (jìntuì)
- 進退中繩 / 进退中绳
- 進退兩難 / 进退两难 (jìntuìliǎngnán)
- 進退失據 / 进退失据 (jìntuìshījù)
- 進退存亡 / 进退存亡
- 進退有常 / 进退有常
- 進退無據 / 进退无据
- 進退無路 / 进退无路
- 進退無門 / 进退无门
- 進退維谷 / 进退维谷 (jìntuìwéigǔ)
- 進退首鼠 / 进退首鼠
- 進銳退速 / 进锐退速
- 遽退
- 隱退 / 隐退 (yǐntuì)
- 革退
- 頤指進退 / 颐指进退
- 黜退 (chùtuì)
- 齋退 / 斋退
Descendants
- → Thai: ถอย (tɔ̌i)
References
- “退”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
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