-uma
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "uma"
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-udak, from Proto-Uralic *-w-. Cognate with Finnish -ua.
Verb
-uma (da-infinitive -uda)
- Derives various verbs.
Inflection
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -un | ei -u | 1st sing. | olen -unud | ei ole -unud pole -unud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -ud | 2nd sing. | oled -unud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -ub | 3rd sing. | on -unud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -ume | 1st plur. | oleme -unud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -ute | 2nd plur. | olete -unud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uvad | 3rd plur. | on -unud | ||||||
| impersonal | -utakse | ei -uta | impersonal | on -utud | ei ole -utud pole -utud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -usin | ei -unud | 1st sing. | olin -unud | ei olnud -unud polnud -unud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -usid | 2nd sing. | olid -unud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -us | 3rd sing. | oli -unud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -usime | 1st plur. | olime -unud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -usite | 2nd plur. | olite -unud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -usid | 3rd plur. | oli -unud | ||||||
| impersonal | -uti | ei -utud | impersonal | oli -utud | ei olnud -utud polnud -utud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | -uksin | ei -uks | 1st sing. | -unuksin oleksin -unud |
ei -unuks ei oleks -unud poleks -unud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -uksid | 2nd sing. | -unuksid oleksid -unud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | -uks | 3rd sing. | -unuks oleks -unud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | -uksime | 1st plur. | -unuksime oleksime -unud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | -uksite | 2nd plur. | -unuksite oleksite -unud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | -uksid | 3rd plur. | -unuksid oleksid -unud | ||||||
| impersonal | -utaks | ei -utaks | impersonal | oleks -utud | ei oleks -utud poleks -utud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | -u | ära -u | 2nd sing. | ole -unud | ära ole -unud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | -ugu | ärgu -ugu | 3rd sing. | olgu -unud | ärgu olgu -unud | ||||
| 1st plur. | -ugem | ärme -ume ärme -u ärgem -ugem |
1st plur. | olgem -unud | ärme oleme -unud ärme ole -unud ärgem olgem -unud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | -uge | ärge -uge | 2nd plur. | olge -unud | ärge olge -unud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | -ugu | ärgu -ugu | 3rd plur. | olgu -unud | ärgu olgu -unud | ||||
| impersonal | -utagu | ärgu -utagu | impersonal | olgu -utud | ärgu olgu -utud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | -uvat | ei -uvat | active | olevat -unud | ei olevat -unud polevat -unud | ||||
| passive | -utavat | ei -utavat | passive | olevat -utud | ei olevat -utud polevat -utud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | -uma | -utama | nominative | -uda | olla -unud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | -udes | olles -unud | |||||
| inessive | -umas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | -umast | present | -uv | -utav | |||||
| translative | -umaks | past | -unud | -utud | |||||
| abessive | -umata | negative | -umatu | — | |||||
Conjugation of -uma (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
Derived terms
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Etymology
Either from -ua + -ma or extracted from such instances. Could also be a contraction of -utuma, from -utua + -ma.
Suffix
-uma (front vowel harmony variant -ymä, linguistic notation -UmA)
- Variant of -ma; forms passive action/result nouns from verbs and sometimes nouns.
Declension
| Inflection of -uma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -uma | -umat | |
| genitive | -uman | -umien | |
| partitive | -umaa | -umia | |
| illative | -umaan | -umiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -uma | -umat | |
| accusative | nom. | -uma | -umat |
| gen. | -uman | ||
| genitive | -uman | -umien -umain rare | |
| partitive | -umaa | -umia | |
| inessive | -umassa | -umissa | |
| elative | -umasta | -umista | |
| illative | -umaan | -umiin | |
| adessive | -umalla | -umilla | |
| ablative | -umalta | -umilta | |
| allative | -umalle | -umille | |
| essive | -umana | -umina | |
| translative | -umaksi | -umiksi | |
| abessive | -umatta | -umitta | |
| instructive | — | -umin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of -uma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
Anagrams
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Romanization
-uma
- Romanization of -𐌿𐌼𐌰
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *-umô.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-uma
- used to form the superlative of Old English adjectives
- used in combination with other superlative endings
Derived terms
Descendants
- English: -most (from -emest(a))
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