-kas
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "kas"
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Cognate to Finnish -kas.
Suffix
-kas (genitive -ka, partitive -kat)
- Derives adjectives from some nouns
- Derives nouns, often colloquial.
Derived terms
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Equivalent to -kka + -as.
Suffix
-kas (front vowel harmony variant -käs, linguistic notation -kAs)
- -y, -ful; a suffix that can be used to turn many, but not all, nouns into adjectives that indicate abundant presence of the thing expressed by the noun.
- kukka (“flower”) + -kas → kukikas (“flower-patterned”)
- raha (“money”) + -kas → rahakas (“lucrative”)
- taito (“skill”) + -kas → taidokas (“skilful”)
- voima (“power”) + -kas → voimakas (“powerful”)
- ääni (“noise”) + -kas → äänekäs (“noisy”)
- harteet (“shoulders”) + -kas → harteikas (“broad-shouldered”)
- nenä (“nose”) + -kas → nenäkäs (“saucy”)
- Forms nouns chacterized by an abundance of the base word.
- -ish; a suffix that forms moderative adjectives; rare in standard Finnish.
- Forms nouns indicating a concept associated with the base word from nouns or verbs.
Usage notes
When the suffix is added to the noun, the stem changes in accordance with consonant gradation. The suffix is added to the plural stem on most hame-type nouns and in many cases of other non-mass concrete nouns, e.g. maine → maineikas instead of **maineekas, kukka → kukikas instead of **kukakas.
Declension
| Inflection of -kas (Kotus type 41*A/vieras, kk-k gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -kas | -kkaat | |
| genitive | -kkaan | -kkaiden -kkaitten | |
| partitive | -kasta | -kkaita | |
| illative | -kkaaseen | -kkaisiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -kas | -kkaat | |
| accusative | nom. | -kas | -kkaat |
| gen. | -kkaan | ||
| genitive | -kkaan | -kkaiden -kkaitten -kasten rare | |
| partitive | -kasta | -kkaita | |
| inessive | -kkaassa | -kkaissa | |
| elative | -kkaasta | -kkaista | |
| illative | -kkaaseen | -kkaisiin -kkaihin rare | |
| adessive | -kkaalla | -kkailla | |
| ablative | -kkaalta | -kkailta | |
| allative | -kkaalle | -kkaille | |
| essive | -kkaana | -kkaina | |
| translative | -kkaaksi | -kkaiksi | |
| abessive | -kkaatta | -kkaitta | |
| instructive | — | -kkain | |
| comitative | — | -kkaine | |
| Possessive forms of -kas (Kotus type 41*A/vieras, kk-k gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Anagrams
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-k'as. Cognates include Finnish -kas and Estonian -kas.
Pronunciation
Suffix
-kas (front vowel variant -käs)
- Forms adjectives describing an abundancy of a noun; -ful
Usage notes
- In its polysyllabic oblique forms, -kas gets the secondary stress in words with polysyllabic stems.
Declension
| Declension of -kas (type 2/patsas, kk-k gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -kas | -kkaat |
| genitive | -kkaan | -kkain |
| partitive | -kasta, -kast | -kkaita, -kkaja |
| illative | -kkaasse | -kkaisse |
| inessive | -kkaas | -kkais |
| elative | -kkaast | -kkaist |
| allative | -kkaalle | -kkaille |
| adessive | -kkaal | -kkail |
| ablative | -kkaalt | -kkailt |
| translative | -kkaaks | -kkaiks |
| essive | -kkaanna, -kkaan | -kkainna, -kkain |
| exessive1) | -kkaant | -kkaint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
| Soikkola declension of -kas (type 2/kalakas, kk-k gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -kas | -kkahat -kkaat |
| genitive | -kkahan | -kkahhiin |
| partitive | -kasta | -kkahhia |
| illative | -kkahasse | -kkahisse |
| inessive | -kkahas | -kkahis |
| elative | -kkahast | -kkahist |
| allative | -kkahalle | -kkahille |
| adessive | -kkahal | -kkahil |
| ablative | -kkahalt | -kkahilt |
| translative | -kkahaks | -kkahiks |
| essive | -kkahhaan | -kkahhiin |
| exessive1) | -kkahhant | -kkahhint |
| 1) Obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) | ||
Derived terms
See also
References
Wikiwand in your browser!
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.
