육
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [juk̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [육]
Etymology 1
| 60[a], [b] | ||
| ← 5 | 6 | 7 → |
|---|---|---|
| Native isol.: 여섯 (yeoseot) Native attr.: 여섯 (yeoseot), (archaic) 엿 (yeot) Sino-Korean: 육 (yuk), 륙 (ryuk) Hanja: 六 Ordinal: 여섯째 (yeoseotjjae) | ||
Sino-Korean word from 六 (“six”), from the Middle Korean reading 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk), from Middle Chinese 六 (MC ljuwk).
Alternative forms
Numeral
Usage notes
In modern Korean, numbers are usually written in Arabic numerals.
The Korean language has two sets of numerals: a native set of numerals inherited from Old Korean, and a Sino-Korean set which was borrowed from Middle Chinese in the first millennium C.E.
Native classifiers take native numerals.
- 개 한 마리 (gae han mari, “one dog”, native numeral)
- 나무 두 그루 (namu du geuru, “two trees”, native numeral)
Some Sino-Korean classifiers take native numerals, others take Sino-Korean numerals, while yet others take both.
- 종이 두 장(張) (jong'i du jang, “two sheets of paper”, native numeral)
- 이 분(分) (i bun, “two minutes”, Sino-Korean numeral)
- 서른/삼십 명(名) (seoreun/samsip myeong, “thirty people”, both sets possible)
Recently loaned classifiers generally take Sino-Korean numerals.
For many terms, a native numeral has a quantifying sense, whereas a Sino-Korean numeral has a sense of labeling.
- 세 반(班) (se ban, “three school classes”, native numeral)
- 삼 반(班) (sam ban, “Class Number Three”, Sino-Korean numeral)
When used in isolation, native numerals refer to objects of that number and are used in counting and quantifying, whereas Sino-Korean numerals refer to the numbers in a more mathematical sense.
- 하나만 더 주세요 (hana-man deo juse-yo, “Could you give me just one more, please”, native numeral)
- 일 더하기 일은? (il deohagi ir-eun?, “What's one plus one?”, Sino-Korean numeral)
While older stages of Korean had native numerals up to the thousands, native numerals currently exist only up to ninety-nine, and Sino-Korean is used for all higher numbers. There is also a tendency—particularly among younger speakers—to uniformly use Sino-Korean numerals for the higher tens as well, so that native numerals such as 일흔 (ilheun, “seventy”) or 아흔 (aheun, “ninety”) are becoming less common.
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 六 for Sino-Korean compounds of 육 (六, yuk).
Etymology 2
Sino-Korean word from 肉 (“meat”), from the Middle Korean reading ᅀᅲᆨ〮 (Yale: zyúk), from Middle Chinese 肉 (MC nyuwk).
Noun
- (only in compounds) meat; flesh
- Synonym: 고기 (gogi)
- 우육 (牛肉) ― beef (literally, “cow meat”)
- 돈육 (豚肉) ― pork (literally, “pig meat”)
- (literary) the body, as opposed to the spirit
- Synonym: 육체(肉體) (yukche)
- 1926, Han Yong-un, 한용운(韓龍雲), “리별 (Ribyeol) [Separation]”, in 님의 沈默 (Nimui Chimmuk) [The Beloved's Silence]:
- 2019, ““神을 모른다는 것을 아는 것(無知의 知), 이 말이 정답””, in Monthly Chosun:
- 생명과 죽음의 문제를 […] 이야기하고 싶어 했다. 육과 영, 속과 성의 경계 허물기다.
- Saengmyeong-gwa jugeum-ui munje-reul [ … ] iyagihago sipeo haetda. Yuk-gwa yeong, sok-gwa seong-ui gyeonggye heomulgi-da.
- [He] wanted to explain the question of life and death, breaking the lines between the body and the soul, the sacred and the secular.
Derived terms
- See the hanja entry at 肉 for Sino-Korean compounds of 육 (肉, yuk).
Etymology 3
Sino-Korean word from 陸.
Noun
- (South Korea) Abbreviation of 육군(陸軍) (yukgun, “army”).
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