長刀

See also: 长刀

Chinese

		long; length; forever long; length; forever; always; constantly; chief; head; elder; to grow; to develop	knife
trad. (長刀)		長	刀
simp. (长刀)		长	刀

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chángdāo

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄤˊ ㄉㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴ dou¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chángdāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄤˊ ㄉㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chángdao
    • Wade–Giles: chʻang²-tao¹
    • Yale: cháng-dāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: charngdau
    • Palladius: чандао (čandao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: coeng⁴ dou¹
    • Yale: chèuhng dōu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴ dou¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴ dou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ tou̯⁵⁵/

Noun

長刀

1. long knife; cane knife, bistoury, etc.

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
長	刀
なぎなた
Grade: 2	Grade: 2
jukujikun

The spelling means “long blade”.

For pronunciation and definitions of 長刀 – see the following entry.

【薙刀なぎなた】 [noun] naginata: a traditional Japanese glaive (polearm historically used to cut down infantry and cavalry) Alternative spelling 眉尖刀

(This term, 長刀, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
長	刀
なが Grade: 2	かたな > がたな Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Kanji in this term
長	刀
なが Grade: 2	かたな Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Compound of 長 (naga, “long”, the stem of adjective 長い (nagai, “long”)) +‎ 刀 (katana, “katana, the traditional single-bladed Japanese sword”).^[1][2][3]

Encountered with both the unvoiced nagakatana and voiced nagagatana readings.^[1][2][3] The voiced reading may be more common,^[3] wherein the katana changes to gatana as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) なががたな [nàgágáꜜtànà] (Nakadaka – [3])^[3]
• IPA^(key): [na̠ɡa̠ɡa̠ta̠na̠]

• (Tokyo) ながかたな [nàgákáꜜtànà] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(key): [na̠ɡa̠ka̠ta̠na̠]

Noun

長(なが)刀(がたな) or 長(なが)刀(かたな) • (nagagatana or nagakatana) 

1. (weaponry, rare) a katana with a long blade

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
長	刀
ちょう Grade: 2	とう Grade: 2
goon

/tjautau/ → /t͡ɕʲɔːtɔː/ → /t͡ɕɔːtɔː/

From Middle Chinese 長刀 (MC drjang taw).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ちょーとー [chòótóó] (Heiban – [0])^[3][4]
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːto̞ː]

Noun

長(ちょう)刀(とう) • (chōtō) ^{←ちやうたう (tyautau)?}

1. a long sword

   Synonym: (literally “great sword”) 大刀 (daitō)

   Antonym: (literally “short sword”) 短刀 (tantō)

2. a naginata

   Synonym: 薙刀 (naginata)

References

1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
4. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN