鐔

See also: 镡

鐔 U+9414, 鐔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9414 ← 鐓 [U+9413] CJK Unified Ideographs 鐕 → [U+9415]

Translingual

Han character

鐔 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+12, 20 strokes, cangjie input 金一田十 (CMWJ), four-corner 8114₆, composition ⿰釒覃)

1. dagger
2. small sword

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1322, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40893
• Dae Jaweon: page 1822, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4255, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9414

Chinese

trad.		鐔
simp.		镡
alternative forms		𨰳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鐔
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
鷣	*luː, *lɯm
撢	*l̥ʰɯːm, *l'ɯːms, *lɯm, *ʔl'aːnʔ
憛	*l̥ʰɯːms
潭	*l'ɯːm, *lɯmʔ
譚	*l'ɯːm, *l'ɯːmʔ
覃	*l'ɯːm
鐔	*l'ɯːm, *ljɯm, *lɯm
藫	*l'ɯːm
橝	*l'ɯːm, *l'ɯːmʔ
蟫	*l'ɯːm, *lɯm
燂	*l'ɯːm, *zlom, *ljum
醰	*l'ɯːm, *l'ɯːmʔ, *l'ɯːms
禫	*l'ɯːmʔ
嘾	*l'ɯːmʔ
贉	*l'ɯːmʔ, *l'ɯːms
瞫	*l'ɯːms, *hljɯmʔ
蕈	*zlɯmʔ
鱏	*ljɯm, *lɯm
簟	*l'ɯːmʔ
驔	*l'ɯːmʔ
磹	*l'ɯːms

Characters in the same phonetic series (覃) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	鐔	鐔	鐔
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)	以 (36)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)	侵 (139)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	I
Fanqie	徐林切	餘針切	徒含切
Baxter	zim	yim	dom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziɪm/	/jiɪm/	/dʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/zim/	/jim/	/dəm/
Shao Rongfen	/zjem/	/jem/	/dɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zim/	/jim/	/dəm/
Li Rong	/ziəm/	/iəm/	/dᴀm/
Wang Li	/zĭĕm/	/jĭĕm/	/dɒm/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi̯əm/	/i̯əm/	/dʱăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xín	yín	tán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cam4	jam4	taam4

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鐔	鐔	鐔
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	12321	12337	12344
Phonetic component	覃	覃	覃
Rime group	侵	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	覃	尋	淫
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯːm/	/*ljɯm/	/*lɯm/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tán, xín (tan², xin²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ, ㄒㄧㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taam⁴ / cam⁴ / jam⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tán
    • Wade–Giles: tʻan²
    • Yale: tán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
    • Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xín
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sín
    • Wade–Giles: hsin²
    • Yale: syín
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyn
    • Palladius: синь (sinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: taam⁴ / cam⁴ / jam⁴
    • Yale: tàahm / chàhm / yàhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taam⁴ / tsam⁴ / jam⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tam⁴ / cem⁴ / yem⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰaːm²¹/, /t͡sʰɐm²¹/, /jɐm²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: zim, yim, dom

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːm/, /*ljɯm/, /*lɯm/

Definitions

鐔

1. (historical) pommel; guard (often round and with holes)
2. (historical) dagger; small sword
3. a surname

Compounds

• 星鐔 / 星镡
• 鱗鋏星鐔 / 鳞铗星镡

References

• “鐔”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 鐔

鐔

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じん (jin)^{←じん (zin, historical)←じむ (zimu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: しん (shin)^{←しん (sin, historical)←しむ (simu, ancient)}
• Kun: つば (tsuba, 鐔)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鐔
つば Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
鍔

/tumipa/ → /tumʉpa/ → /tunba/ → /t͡suba/

First attested in the late 12th century.

Shift from tsumiha or tsumiba below.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) つば [tsúꜜbà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨba̠]

Noun

鐔(つば) • (tsuba) 

1. the guard at the end of the grip of a sword or polearm
   • 1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 620:
     ^[2]

     Tçuba. ツバ (鍔・鐔) 刀 (Catana)の鍔, すなわち, 刀の柄（つか）に密着している, 銅やその他の金属製の円いある種の輪.

     Tsuba - the guard of a katana; that is, a circular ring made of copper or other metal with a design stuck to the katana.

2. the brim or visor (of a hat, for example)
3. the brim of a kettle

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鐔
つみば Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Kanji in this term
鐔
つみは Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
鍔

⟨tumi₁pa⟩ → */tumʲipa/ → /t͡sumiɸa/ → /t͡sumiha/

Possibly from Old Japanese.

(Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Usually pronounced with rendaku (連濁), as tsumiba.

Noun

鐔(つみは) or 鐔(つみば) • (tsumiha or tsumiba) 

1. (obsolete) the guard at the end of the grip of a sword or polearm
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 13:

     鐔　唐韻云：鐔、音尋、一音潭。［和名：都美波］

     Guard - according to the Tangyun: the sound of 鐔 (MC zim|yim|dom) has the same pronunciation as 尋 (MC zim), another being 潭 (MC dom). (Japanese name: tsumiha)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

鐔 • (sim) (hangeul 심, revised sim, McCune–Reischauer sim, Yale sim)

1. dagger
2. small sword