訓読

See also: 訓讀

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
訓	読
くん Grade: 4	どく Grade: 2
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
訓讀 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) くんどく [kùńdókú] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [kɯ̟̃ndo̞kɯ̟]

Noun

訓(くん)読(どく) • (kundoku) 

1. Synonym of 訓読み (kun'yomi, “Japanese native reading for kanji (Chinese characters), by using the pronunciation of the native Japanese word that has the same meaning.”)

   Example: reading 山 (“mountain”, Middle Chinese: /ʃˠɛn/, Japanese on'yomi: さん (san)) as やま (yama), the native Japanese word for “mountain”.

2. Short for 漢文訓読 (kanbun kundoku, “Japanese reading of Classical Chinese by literal translation”).

   Example: reading 青取之於藍而青於藍 as 青(あお)は之(これ)を藍(あい)より取(と)りて而(しか)も藍(あい)より青(あお)し (ao wa kore o ai yori torite shikamo ai yori aoshi).

Verb

訓(くん)読(どく)する • (kundoku suru) suru (stem 訓(くん)読(どく)し (kundoku shi), past 訓(くん)読(どく)した (kundoku shita))

1. to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a word using the pronunciation of the native Japanese word
2. to use kanbun kundoku for Classical Chinese

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	訓読し	くんどくし	kundoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	訓読し	くんどくし	kundoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	訓読する	くんどくする	kundoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	訓読する	くんどくする	kundoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	訓読すれ	くんどくすれ	kundoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	訓読せよ¹ 訓読しろ²	くんどくせよ¹ くんどくしろ²	kundoku seyo¹ kundoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	訓読される	くんどくされる	kundoku sareru
Causative	訓読させる 訓読さす	くんどくさせる くんどくさす	kundoku saseru kundoku sasu
Potential	訓読できる	くんどくできる	kundoku dekiru
Volitional	訓読しよう	くんどくしよう	kundoku shiyō
Negative	訓読しない	くんどくしない	kundoku shinai
Negative continuative	訓読せず	くんどくせず	kundoku sezu
Formal	訓読します	くんどくします	kundoku shimasu
Perfective	訓読した	くんどくした	kundoku shita
Conjunctive	訓読して	くんどくして	kundoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	訓読すれば	くんどくすれば	kundoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "訓読する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
訓	読
くん Grade: 4	よ(み) Grade: 2
jūbakoyomi

Alternative spelling
訓讀 (kyūjitai)

For pronunciation and definitions of 訓読 – see the following entry.

【訓読くんよみ】 [noun] (linguistics) kun'yomi: a reading of a kanji that is not derived from the kanji's original pronunciation borrowed from Chinese [verb] to use the kun'yomi of a word, to read a kanji using the pronunciation of a native Japanese word

(This term, 訓読, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN