葵

葵 U+8475, 葵 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8475 ← 葴 [U+8474] CJK Unified Ideographs 葶 → [U+8476]

Translingual

Han character

葵 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+9, 13 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 12 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿弓人大 (TNOK), four-corner 4480₄ or 4443₀, composition ⿱艹癸)

Derived characters

• 𭢦, 𣿮, 𣋒, 𬄲, 𤢑, 𤩸, 𧬧, 𨆠, 𩦟, 𪆴(𬸮), 𫶙

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1046, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31458
• Dae Jaweon: page 1507, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3258, character 14
• Unihan data for U+8475

Chinese

trad.		葵
simp. #		葵
alternative forms		𦮙 ancient 𦷡

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
睽	*kʰʷiːl
湀	*kʰʷiːl, *kʷilʔ, *ɡʷilʔ, *kʰʷiːd
聧	*kʰʷiː
藈	*kʰʷiːl
癸	*kʷilʔ
葵	*ɡʷil
鄈	*ɡʷil
楑	*ɡʷil, *ɡʷilʔ
戣	*ɡʷril
鍨	*ɡʷril
騤	*ɡʷril, *kʷiːd
揆	*ɡʷilʔ
猤	*ɡʷils
闋	*kʰʷiːd

Characters in the same phonetic series (癸) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡʷil): semantic 艹 (“grass, plant”) + phonetic 癸 (OC *kʷilʔ) – a kind of plant.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	葵
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	脂 (16)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠隹切
Baxter	gjwij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡiuɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡʷi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡjuɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gwi/
Li Rong	/ɡui/
Wang Li	/ɡwi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gwi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kwai4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	葵
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuí
Middle Chinese	‹ gjwij ›
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷij/
English	mallow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	葵
Reading #	1/1
No.	4646
Phonetic component	癸
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	葵
Old Chinese	/*ɡʷil/
Notes	原重渠追切依切三王韻改

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuí (kui²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kwai⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khuì

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kui²

• Eastern Min (BUC): gì
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kûi / khûi / khêr / khê / khôe / kôe

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kui⁵ / guê⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶gue

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuei²
    • Yale: kwéi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
    • Palladius: куй (kuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kwai⁴
    • Yale: kwàih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kwai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: kuei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷʰɐi̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khuì
    • Hakka Romanization System: kui^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kui²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰu̯i¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kui²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰuɪ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gì
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kûi
    • Tâi-lô: kuî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kuii
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kui²³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /kui²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kui¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Longyan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khûi
    • Tâi-lô: khuî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: quii
    • IPA (Longyan): /kʰui¹¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /kʰui²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khêr
    • Tâi-lô: khêr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰə²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khê
    • Tâi-lô: khê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qee
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰe²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khôe
    • Tâi-lô: khuê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoee
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰue²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰue²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰue¹³/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kôe
    • Tâi-lô: kuê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koee
    • IPA (Taipei): /kue²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²³/

Note:

• kûi/khûi - literary;
• khêr/khê/khôe/kôe - vernacular.

• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kui⁵ / guê⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khûi / kuê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰui⁵⁵/, /kue⁵⁵/
Note:
• kui5 - literary;
• guê5 - vernacular.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶gue
    • MiniDict: gue^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³gue
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɡue²³/

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• Middle Chinese: gjwij

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɡʷij/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡʷil/

Definitions

葵

1. name of several plants
   1. Short for 冬葵 (“Malva verticillata (syn. Malva crispa)”).
   2. Short for 蒲葵 (púkuí, “Livistona chinensis”).
   3. Short for 落葵 (luòkuí, “Basella alba”).
   4. Short for 向日葵 (xiàngrìkuí, “sunflower”).
   5. Used in compounds.
2. Alternative form of 揆 (kuí)
3. (Hong Kong) Short for 葵涌 (Kuíchōng, “Kwai Chung”).
4. a surname

Compounds

• 刺葵 (cìkuí)
• 向日葵 (xiàngrìkuí)
• 天竺葵
• 憂葵 / 忧葵
• 扇葉蒲葵 / 扇叶蒲葵
• 拔葵
• 拔葵去織 / 拔葵去织
• 拔葵啖棗 / 拔葵啖枣
• 水葵
• 洛神葵 (luòshénkuí)
• 海葵 (hǎikuí)
• 秋葵 (qiūkuí)
• 茙葵
• 菟葵
• 葵傾 / 葵倾
• 葵扇 (kuíshàn)
• 葵花 (kuíhuā)
• 葵花子 (kuíhuāzǐ)
• 落葵 (luòkuí)
• 葵藿
• 蒲葵 (púkuí)
• 蒲葵扇
• 蔠葵 / 𰱛葵 (zhōngkuí)
• 蜀葵 (shǔkuí)
• 錦葵 / 锦葵 (jǐnkuí)
• 露葵
• 魯女憂葵 / 鲁女忧葵
• 鳧葵 / 凫葵 (fúkuí)
• 龍葵 / 龙葵 (lóngkuí)