番禺

Chinese

		(measure word for acts); deeds; foreign (measure word for acts); deeds; foreign; surname; place name	(place); district
trad. (番禺)		番	禺
simp. #(番禺)		番	禺

Wikipedia has articles on:

• 番禺 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
• 番禺 (Cantonese)
• Fân-ngì-khî (Hakka)
• Hoan-gû-khu (Southern Min)
• Panyu District (English)

Etymology

Attested in the Records of the Grand Historian and the Classic of Mountains and Seas.

There are multiple theories attempting to explain the origin of the name:

• There were two mountains in the region, 番山 (“Pan Mountain”) and 禺山 (“Yu Mountain”). 番禺 was formed by combining the first characters of the names of the two mountains.
• From 番山之禺 (“corner of Pan mountain”), with 禺 (yú) being equivalent to 隅 (yú, “corner”).
• From 蕃禺 (“remote place of foreign tribes”), composed of 蕃 (fān, “foreign tribes”) and 禺 (yú) (equivalent to 隅 (yú, “corner; remote place”)).
• Composed of Proto-Tai *ɓaːnꟲ (“village”) and Proto-Tai *klwɯəᴬ (“salt”) (literally "salt village").

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	番	禺
Reading #	3/5	1/2
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	普官切	虞俱切
Baxter	phan	ngju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuɑn/	/ŋɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷɑn/	/ŋio/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuɑn/	/ŋio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰwan/	/ŋuə̆/
Li Rong	/pʰuɑn/	/ŋio/
Wang Li	/pʰuɑn/	/ŋĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰuɑn/	/ŋi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pān	yú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pun1	jyu4

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	番	禺
Reading #	4/5	1/2
No.	2889	15921
Phonetic component	番	禺
Rime group	元	侯
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	飜
Old Chinese	/*pʰan/	/*ŋo/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Pānyú

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢ ㄩˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): pun¹ jyu⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): pon¹ ngui³

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Phoan-gû

  (Teochew, Peng'im): puan¹ ngo⁵ / puang¹ ngo⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Pānyú
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄢ ㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Panyú
    • Wade–Giles: Pʻan¹-yü²
    • Yale: Pān-yú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Panyu
    • Palladius: Паньюй (Panʹjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän⁵⁵ y³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pun¹ jyu⁴
    • Yale: pūn yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pun¹ jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pun¹ yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: pon¹ ngui³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰᵘɔn³³ ᵑɡui²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Phoan-gû
    • Tâi-lô: Phuan-gû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoan'guu
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pʰuan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: puan¹ ngo⁵ / puang¹ ngo⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuaⁿ ngô / phuang ngô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰũã³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/, /pʰuaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: phan ngju

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰan  ŋo/

Proper noun

番禺

1. (historical) (～縣) Panyu (an ancient county located in modern Guangzhou)
2. (～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Panyu (a district, former county, and former county-level city in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)