猛虎

Chinese

		ferocious; suddenly; fierce ferocious; suddenly; fierce; violent; abrupt	tiger
trad. (猛虎)		猛	虎
simp. #(猛虎)		猛	虎

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	猛	虎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	莫幸切	呼古切
Baxter	maengX	xuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠæŋX/	/huoX/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚaŋX/	/huoX/
Shao Rongfen	/maŋX/	/xoX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨjŋX/	/hɔX/
Li Rong	/mɐŋX/	/xoX/
Wang Li	/mɐŋX/	/xuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/mɐŋX/	/xuoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	měng	hǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mang5	fu2

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	虎
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ xuX ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁraʔ/ (W dialect: *qˁʰr- >r̥ˁ- > x-)
English	tiger
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	猛	虎
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9148	5230
Phonetic component	皿	虍
Rime group	陽	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime		虎
Old Chinese	/*mraːŋʔ/	/*qʰlaːʔ/
Notes	原作莫幸切（幸在耿韻），依切三全王改

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): měnghǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄥˇ ㄏㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): maang⁵ fu²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mên-fú
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): béng-hó͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: měnghǔ [Phonetic: ménghǔ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄥˇ ㄏㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: měnghǔ
    • Wade–Giles: mêng³-hu³
    • Yale: měng-hǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: meenghuu
    • Palladius: мэнху (mɛnxu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: maang⁵ fu²
    • Yale: máahng fú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: maang⁵ fu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: mang⁵ fu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːŋ¹³ fuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mên-fú
    • Hakka Romanization System: men^ˊ fu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: men¹ fu³
    • Sinological IPA: /men²⁴ fu³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: béng-hó͘
    • Tâi-lô: bíng-hóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: befnghor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /biɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /biɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /biɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /biɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /biɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔ⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: maengX xuX

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*mraːŋʔ  qʰlaːʔ/

Noun

猛虎

1. (literally) fierce tiger

   • 且夫為從者，無以異於驅群羊而攻猛虎，虎之與羊不格明矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     且夫为从者，无以异于驱群羊而攻猛虎，虎之与羊不格明矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE

     Qiě fú wéi cóng zhě, wú yǐ yìyú qū qún yáng ér gōng měnghǔ, hǔ zhī yǔ yáng bù gé míng yǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 猛虎，猛虎，火焰似的燒紅 / 在深夜的莽叢， / 何等神明的巨眼或是手 / 能擘畫你的駭人的雄厚？ [MSC, trad.]
     猛虎，猛虎，火焰似的烧红 / 在深夜的莽丛， / 何等神明的巨眼或是手 / 能擘画你的骇人的雄厚？ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1931 August, Xu Zhimo, 《猛虎》 (translation of The Tyger)

     Měnghǔ, měnghǔ, huǒyàn shìde shāohóng  /  zài shēnyè de mǎngcóng,  /  héděng shénmíng de jùyǎn huòshì shǒu  /  néng bòhuà nǐ de hàirén de xiónghòu? [Pinyin]

     Tyger Tyger. burning bright, / In the forests of the night; / What immortal hand or eye. / Could frame thy fearful symmetry?

2. (figurative) fierce warrior

Derived terms

• 猛虎步
• 猛虎歸山，蛟龍入海／猛虎归山，蛟龙入海

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (猛虎):

• → Japanese: 猛(もう)虎(こ) (mōko)
• → Korean: 맹호(猛虎) (maengho)
• → Vietnamese: mãnh hổ (猛虎)

Proper noun

猛虎

1. (～嶼) Menghu Islet (an island in Lieyu, Kinmen County, Taiwan)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
猛	虎
もう Grade: S	こ Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) もーこ [móꜜòkò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [mo̞ːko̞]

Noun

猛(もう)虎(こ) • (mōko) ^{←まうこ (mauko)?}

1. a fierce tiger

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
猛	虎

Noun

猛虎 • (maengho) (hangeul 맹호)

1. hanja form^? of 맹호 (“a fierce tiger”)