犬儒

Chinese

		dog	scholar; Confucian
trad. (犬儒)		犬	儒
simp. #(犬儒)		犬	儒

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• 犬儒

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Japanese coinage?”) Likely a partial calque from Ancient Greek; see the English entry for cynic for details.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): quǎnrú

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄖㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hyun² jyu⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: quǎnrú
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄢˇ ㄖㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyuǎnrú
    • Wade–Giles: chʻüan³-ju²
    • Yale: chywǎn-rú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheuanru
    • Palladius: цюаньжу (cjuanʹžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hyun² jyu⁴
    • Yale: hyún yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hyn² jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hün² yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hyːn³⁵ jyː²¹/

Noun

犬儒

1. cynic

Derived terms

• 犬儒主義／犬儒主义 (quǎnrúzhǔyì)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
犬	儒
けん Grade: 1	じゅ Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) けんじゅ [kéꜜǹjù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [kẽ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑɨ]

Noun

犬(けん)儒(じゅ) • (kenju) ^{←けんじゆ (kenzyu)?}

1. (now uncommon) Cynic (member of an Ancient Greek sect)
   • 1899, 高山樗牛, 時代管見, page 29:

     是(こ)れはたアレキサンドロスが帝王(ていわう)の威(ゐ)を屈(くつ)して草莽(さうまう)赤裸(せきら)の一(ひと)犬儒(けんじゆ)を訪(と)ひし所以(せい)に非(あら)ずや。

     Kore wa Arekisandorosu ga teiō no i o kusshite sōmō-sekira no hito-kenju o toishi sei ni arazu ya.

     (please add an English translation of this example)

   • 1922, 寒沢振作, おのがかゞみ : 一名・世界蒙求, page 202:

     犬儒(けんじゆ)の如(ごと)き、無欲恬淡(むよくてんたん)の士(し)

     kenju no gotoki, muyokutentan no shi

     indifferent men like the Cynics

2. (rare) cynic
   • 1940, 沖野岩三郎, 宛名印記, page 8:

     今(いま)は最早(もやは)犬儒(けんじゆ)の必要(ひつえう)のない時代(じだい)である。

     Ima wa moyaha kenju no hitsuyō no nai jidai de aru.

     This is an age that has no more need for cynics.

Derived terms

• 犬儒学派(けんじゅがくは) (kenjugakuha, “Cynic”)
• 犬儒派(けんじゅは) (kenjuha, “Cynic”)
• 犬儒主義(けんじゅしゅぎ) (kenju shugi, “cynicism”)
• 犬儒主義者(けんじゅしゅぎしゃ) (kenju shugisha, “cynicist”)
• 犬儒的(けんじゅてき) (kenjuteki, “cynical”)

References

1. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
犬	儒

Noun

犬儒 • (gyeonyu) (hangeul 견유)

1. hanja form^? of 견유 (“cynic”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
犬	儒

Noun

犬儒

1. chữ Hán form of khuyển nho (“cynic”).