液

液 U+6DB2, 液 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DB2 ← 涱 [U+6DB1] CJK Unified Ideographs 涳 → [U+6DB3]

Translingual

Han character

液 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水卜人大 (EYOK), four-corner 3014₇, composition ⿰氵夜)

Derived characters

• 𦟸

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 628, character 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17586
• Dae Jaweon: page 1029, character 26
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1658, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6DB2

Chinese

trad.		液
simp. #		液
alternative forms		洂

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 液
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

	Old Chinese
夜	*laːɡs
鵺	*laːɡs
迹	*ʔsleːɡ
跡	*ʔsleːɡ
亦	*laːɡ
弈	*laːɡ
奕	*laːɡ
帟	*laːɡ
腋	*laːɡ
掖	*laːɡ
焲	*laːɡ
液	*laːɡ

Characters in the same phonetic series (亦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *laːɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 夜 (OC *laːɡs) – a liquid, like water.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-rjak (“oil; fat; grease”).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	液
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊益切
Baxter	yek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jik6

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	液
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ yek ›
Old Chinese	/*ɢrAk/
English	fluid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	液
Reading #	1/1
No.	15003
Phonetic component	亦
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	繹
Old Chinese	/*laːɡ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yè, yì

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄝˋ, ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jik⁶ / jat⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo² / ih⁷
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sio̍h / e̍k / ia̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siêh⁸ / sioh⁸ / êg⁸

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yè
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yè
    • Wade–Giles: yeh⁴
    • Yale: yè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeh
    • Palladius: е (je)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jik⁶ / jat⁶
    • Yale: yihk / yaht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁹ / jat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yig⁶ / yed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚²/, /jɐt̚²/

Note: jat6 - rare.

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬieu¹³/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ih⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁴/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ih⁷
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ²⁴/

Note:

• sieo2 - vernacular;
• ih7 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sio̍h
    • Tâi-lô: sio̍h
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sioih
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sioʔ²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /sioʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɤʔ⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sioʔ¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
    • Tâi-lô: i̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ek
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
Note:
• sio̍h - vernacular (“sweat-like secretions”);
• e̍k/ia̍k - literary (“liquid; sap; thick broth; to cook something on slow fire”).
• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siêh⁸ / sioh⁸ / êg⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sie̍h / sio̍h / e̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sieʔ⁴/, /sioʔ⁴/, /ek̚⁴/
Note:
• siêh8/sioh8 - vernacular;
• êg8 - literary.

---

• Middle Chinese: yek

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢrAk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*laːɡ/

Definitions

液

1. liquid; fluid

   體液／体液  ―  tǐyè  ―  bodily fluid

2. sap; juice
3. a surname: Ye; Yi
4. (Hokkien) sweat-like secretions (from one's hand, foot, etc.)
5. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) thick broth extracted from food in slow fire
6. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to cook something on slow fire; to extract something using heat

Synonyms

• (liquid):

edit

• 流質／流质 (liúzhì)
• 液體／液体 (yètǐ)

 

• (to cook something on slow fire): 熬 (áo)

Compounds

• 乳濁液／乳浊液 (rǔzhuóyè)
• 人工血液
• 便液
• 修正液 (xiūzhèngyè)
• 唾液 (tuòyè)
• 唾液腺 (tuòyèxiàn)
• 固定液
• 土質液化／土质液化
• 培養液／培养液 (péiyǎngyè)
• 太液 (Tàiyè)
• 太液池 (Tàiyèchí)
• 尿液 (niàoyè)
• 尿液篩檢／尿液筛检
• 心通口服液 (xīntōng kǒufúyè)
• 懸液劑／悬液剂
• 懸濁液／悬浊液 (xuánzhuóyè)
• 毒液 (dúyè)
• 氣態溶液／气态溶液
• 水樣液／水样液
• 水狀液／水状液
• 汗液
• 津液 (jīnyè)
• 消化液 (xiāohuàyè)
• 浴液 (yùyè)
• 液化 (yèhuà)
• 液化瓦斯
• 液壓／液压 (yèyā)
• 液壓機／液压机
• 淋巴液 (línbāyè)
• 液態／液态 (yètài)
• 液態氧／液态氧
• 液態溶液／液态溶液
• 液晶 (yèjīng)
• 液晶窗
• 液材
• 液果 (yèguǒ)
• 液氨 (yè'ān)
• 液氧 (yèyǎng)
• 液泡 (yèpào)
• 液泡膜
• 淚液／泪液 (lèiyè)
• 淫液
• 液胞 (yèbāo)
• 液雨
• 液體／液体 (yètǐ)
• 液體瓦斯／液体瓦斯
• 湯液／汤液
• 滑液 (huáyè)
• 溶液 (róngyè)
• 漿液／浆液
• 滴液
• 濾液／滤液
• 瀝液／沥液
• 玉液 (yùyè)
• 玉液瓊漿／玉液琼浆
• 玻璃液
• 瑤池玉液／瑶池玉液
• 瓊漿玉液／琼浆玉液
• 瓊漿金液／琼浆金液
• 真溶液
• 移液管
• 精液 (jīngyè)
• 組織液／组织液 (zǔzhīyè)
• 胃液 (wèiyè)
• 胰液 (yíyè)
• 脺液
• 腸液／肠液 (chángyè)
• 腦液／脑液
• 膣液 (zhìyè)
• 舒心口服液 (shūxīn kǒufùyè)
• 血液
• 血液凝固
• 血液循環／血液循环
• 血液檢驗／血液检验
• 輸液／输液 (shūyè)
• 金波玉液
• 雲液／云液
• 靈液／灵液
• 顯像液／显像液
• 飽和溶液／饱和溶液
• 體液／体液 (tǐyè)
• 黏液 (niányè)

 

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 液

液

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. liquid

Readings

• Go-on: やく (yaku)
• Kan-on: えき (eki, Jōyō)
• Kun: しる (shiru, 液)

Compounds

Compounds

• 不凍(ふとう)液(えき) (futōeki): antifreeze
• 液(えき)化(か) (ekika): liquefaction
• 液(えき)汁(じゅう) (ekijū): juice, sap
• 液(えき)晶(しょう) (ekishō): liquid crystal
• 液(えき)状(じょう) (ekijō)
• 液(えき)相(そう) (ekisō): liquid phase
• 液(えき)体(たい) (ekitai): liquid
• 血(けつ)液(えき) (ketsueki): blood
• 精(せい)液(えき) (seieki): semen

Etymology

Kanji in this term
液
えき Grade: 5
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 液 (yek, “liquid”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) えき [éꜜkì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [e̞kʲi]

Noun

液(えき) • (eki) 

1. liquid

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

液 (eumhun 진 액 (jin aek))

1. hanja form^? of 액 (“liquid”)

Vietnamese

Han character

液: Hán Nôm readings: giá, dịch, nhịch

1. sap, juice, liquid, fluid