方法

Chinese

		square; quadrilateral; place square; quadrilateral; place; region; direction; side; method; way; prescription; power; upright; just	law; method; way law; method; way; Buddhist teaching; Legalist; France (abbrev.)
simp. and trad. (方法)		方	法

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	方	法
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)	乏 (148)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	府良切	方乏切
Baxter	pjang	pjop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐŋ/	/pɨɐp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐŋ/	/piɐp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɑŋ/	/piɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puaŋ/	/puap̚/
Li Rong	/piuaŋ/	/piɐp̚/
Wang Li	/pĭwaŋ/	/pĭwɐp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/piwaŋ/	/pi̯wɐp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fāng	fa
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fong1	faat3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fāngfǎ

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄤ ㄈㄚˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fong¹ faat³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fong¹ fat²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fông-fap
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): horng¹ hah⁶
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hong-hoat

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang¹ huab⁴

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹faon-faq₇

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fāngfǎ → fāngfa (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄤ ㄈㄚˇ → ㄈㄤ ˙ㄈㄚ (toneless final syllable variant)
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fangfå
    • Wade–Giles: fang¹-fa⁵
    • Yale: fāng-fa
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fang.faa
    • Palladius: фанфа (fanfa)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɑŋ⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ → /fɑŋ⁵⁵ fä²/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fong¹ faat³
    • Yale: fōng faat
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fong¹ faat⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: fong¹ fad³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔːŋ⁵⁵ faːt̚³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fong¹ fat²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɔŋ³³ fat̚⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fông-fap
    • Hakka Romanization System: fong^ˊ fab^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fong¹ fab⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /foŋ²⁴ fap̚²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: horng¹ hah⁶ [Phonetic: horng² hah⁶]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ haʔ¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: horng¹ hah⁶ [Phonetic: horng² hah⁶]
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ haʔ²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hong-hoat
    • Tâi-lô: hong-huat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: honghoad
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔŋ³³ huat̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ huat̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: huang¹ huab⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang huap
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ³³⁻²³ huap̚²/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiaxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹faon-faq₇
    • MiniDict: faon^平 fah^入
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹faan-faq₄
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /fɑ̃⁵⁵ faʔ²¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /fɑ̃⁴⁴ faʔ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjang pjop

Noun

方法

1. method; way; means; manner (Classifier: 個／个 m)

   訓練方法／训练方法  ―  xùnliàn fāngfǎ  ―  training method

   方法得當／方法得当  ―  fāngfǎ dédàng  ―  suitable method

   研究方法  ―  yánjiū fāngfǎ  ―  research method

   補救方法／补救方法  ―  bǔjiù fāngfǎ  ―  remedy

   誘發學生寫作興趣的方法 [MSC, trad.]
   诱发学生写作兴趣的方法 [MSC, simp.]

   yòufā xuéshēng xiězuò xìngqù de fāngfǎ [Pinyin]

   methods of arousing students' interest in writing

   快速增強土壤肥力的好方法 [MSC, trad.]
   快速增强土壤肥力的好方法 [MSC, simp.]

   kuàisù zēngqiáng tǔrǎng féilì de hǎo fāngfǎ [Pinyin]

   a good way to quickly improve soil fertility

   新方法也不是完美的；儘管如此，它還是比老方法好得多。 [MSC, trad.]
   新方法也不是完美的；尽管如此，它还是比老方法好得多。 [MSC, simp.]

   Xīn fāngfǎ yě bùshì wánměi de; jǐnguǎn rúcǐ, tā háishì bǐ lǎo fāngfǎ hǎo de duō. [Pinyin]

   The new method is not perfect; even so, it is much better than the old one.

   這一代的計算機改變了我們創建媒體的方法。 [MSC, trad.]
   这一代的计算机改变了我们创建媒体的方法。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè yīdài de jìsuànjī gǎibiàn le wǒmen chuàngjiàn méitǐ de fāngfǎ. [Pinyin]

   This generation of computers changed the way we create media.

Synonyms

edit

• 主意
• 作法 (zuòfǎ)
• 做法 (zuòfǎ)
• 卯竅／卯窍 (mao³ qiao⁴) (Sichuanese)
• 套套 (tau³ tau^3-2) (Jin, colloquial)
• 對策／对策 (duìcè)
• 工具 (gōngjù) (figurative)
• 手段 (shǒuduàn)
• 措施 (cuòshī)
• 方式 (fāngshì)
• 法子 (colloquial)
• 法度 (Hokkien)
• 渠道 (qúdào)
• 竅門／窍门 (qiàomén)
• 竅門兒／窍门儿 (qiàoménr)
• 管道 (guǎndào) (figurative, especially of communication)
• 行法 (xíngfǎ) (literary)
• 訣竅／诀窍 (juéqiào)
• 訣要／诀要 (juéyào)
• 路子 (lùzi)
• 路徑／路径 (lùjìng)
• 蹊徑／蹊径 (xījìng) (literary, figurative)
• 辦法／办法 (bànfǎ)
• 途徑／途径 (tújìng)
• 進路／进路 (jìnlù)
• 道理 (dàolǐ)
• 道術／道术 (dàoshù) (literary)
• 道道 (dau³ dau^3-2) (Jin)
• 門徑／门径 (ménjìng)
• 門路／门路 (ménlù)
• 門道／门道 (méndao)
• 門頭／门头 (méntóu) (literary, figurative)
• 頭路／头路 (tóulù) (colloquial)

 

Derived terms

• 方法論／方法论 (fāngfǎlùn)
• 科學方法／科学方法 (kēxué fāngfǎ)

 

Related terms

• 用法 (yòngfǎ)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
方	法
ほう Grade: 2	ほう Grade: 4
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 方法 (MC pjang pjop).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ほーほー [hòóhóó] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [ho̞ːho̞ː]

Noun

方(ほう)法(ほう) • (hōhō) ^{←はうはふ (faufafu)?}

1. way; method; manner

   スクリーンショットを撮影(さつえい)する方法(ほうほう)

   sukurīnshotto o satsuei suru hōhō

   method to take screenshots

Synonyms

• 手段(しゅだん) (shudan)

Derived terms

• 不公正(ふこうせい)な取引方法(とりひきほうほう) (fukōseina torihiki hōhō)
• 公理的方法(こうりてきほうほう) (kōriteki hōhō)
• 方法序説(ほうほうじょせつ) (hōhō josetsu)
• 方法特許(ほうほうとっきょ) (hōhō tokkyo)
• 方法的(ほうほうてき) (hōhōteki)
• 方法的懐疑(ほうほうてきかいぎ) (hōhōteki kaigi)
• 方法論(ほうほうろん) (hōhōron, “methodology”)
• 明認方法(めいにんほうほう) (meinin hōhō)
• 発見的方法(はっけんてきほうほう) (hakkenteki hōhō)
• 証拠方法(しょうこほうほう) (shōko hōhō)

 

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
方	法

Noun

方法 • (bangbeop) (hangeul 방법)

1. hanja form^? of 방법 (“method”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
方	法

Noun

方法

1. chữ Hán form of phương pháp (“method”).