壑

壑 U+58D1, 壑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58D1 ← 壐 [U+58D0] CJK Unified Ideographs 壒 → [U+58D2]

Translingual

Han character

壑 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 卜水土 (YEG), four-corner 2710₄, composition ⿱㕡土)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 241, character 7
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5554
• Dae Jaweon: page 480, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 496, character 2
• Unihan data for U+58D1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		壑
2nd round simp.		垥
alternative forms		㕡 𧮸

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	呵各切
Baxter	xak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/hɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/xɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hak̚/
Li Rong	/xɑk̚/
Wang Li	/xɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/xɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	he
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hok3

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hè
Middle Chinese	‹ xak ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰˁak/
English	moat; canal
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	壑
Reading #	1/1
No.	5616
Phonetic component	壑
Rime group	鐸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	𦞦
Old Chinese	/*qʰaːɡ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hè, huò

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˋ, ㄏㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kok³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hag⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hè
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hè
    • Wade–Giles: ho⁴
    • Yale: hè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: heh
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huò
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huò
    • Wade–Giles: huo⁴
    • Yale: hwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huoh
    • Palladius: хо (xo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kok³
    • Yale: kok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: kog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɔːk̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok
    • Tâi-lô: hok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hak
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hak̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: xak

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰˤak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰaːɡ/

Definitions

壑

1. mountain valley; narrow ravine; bed of torrent; gully
2. hole; deep hole with water
3. (biology) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 一丘一壑
• 不忘溝壑／不忘沟壑
• 丘壑 (qiūhè)
• 以鄰為壑／以邻为壑 (yǐlínwéihè)
• 冰壑
• 千山萬壑／千山万壑
• 千岩萬壑／千岩万壑 (qiānyánwànhè)
• 千巖萬壑／千岩万壑
• 填溝壑／填沟壑
• 壑谷
• 大壑
• 巨壑
• 怒濤排壑／怒涛排壑
• 慾壑難填／欲壑难填
• 放情丘壑
• 林壑
• 欲壑難填／欲壑难填
• 欲壑難飽／欲壑难饱
• 欲深谿壑
• 洞壑
• 溪壑
• 溝壑／沟壑 (gōuhè)
• 澗壑／涧壑
• 萬壑／万壑
• 萬壑爭流／万壑争流
• 絕壑／绝壑
• 縱壑魚／纵壑鱼
• 老死溝壑／老死沟壑
• 聳壑昂霄／耸壑昂霄
• 胸有丘壑
• 谿壑
• 谿壑無厭／谿壑无厌
• 轉死溝壑／转死沟壑
• 邱壑

 

Japanese

Kanji

壑

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: かく (kaku)
• Kan-on: かく (kaku)
• Kan’yō-on: がく (gaku)
• Kun: たに (tani, 壑)、あな (ana, 壑)、みぞ (mizo, 壑)

References

• “壑”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎ (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

Hanja

壑 • (hak) (hangeul 학, revised hak, McCune–Reischauer hak, Yale hak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

壑: Hán Nôm readings: hác

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.