刑

See also: 形, 邢, and 型

刑 U+5211, 刑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5211 ← 刐 [U+5210] CJK Unified Ideographs 划 → [U+5212]

Translingual

Han character

刑 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 一廿中弓 (MTLN), four-corner 1240₀, composition ⿰开刂)

Derived characters

• 侀 㣜 㭢 硎 鉶(铏) 荊 型

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 137, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1886
• Dae Jaweon: page 308, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 324, character 15
• Unihan data for U+5211

Chinese

simp. and trad.		刑
alternative forms		㓝 𠛬

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
硎	*kʰreːŋ, *ɡeːŋ
耕	*kreːŋ
荊	*keŋ
井	*skeŋʔ
丼	*kl'oːmʔ, *skeŋʔ
妌	*sɡeŋʔ
穽	*sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs
阱	*sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs
汫	*sɡeːŋʔ
刑	*ɡeːŋ
形	*ɡeːŋ
邢	*ɡeːŋ
鉶	*ɡeːŋ
型	*ɡeːŋ
侀	*ɡeːŋ

Characters in the same phonetic series (井) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Originally written as 㓝, phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡeːŋ) : phonetic 井 (OC *skeŋʔ) + semantic 刂. Later corrupted as 𠛬 (⿰幵刂), phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡeːŋ) : phonetic 幵 (OC *kŋeːn) + semantic 刂.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	刑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	戸經切
Baxter	heng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦeŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦeŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣeŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣieŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xíng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	刑	刑
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xíng	xíng
Middle Chinese	‹ heng ›	‹ heng ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁeŋ/	/*[ɢ]ˁeŋ/
English	punish(ment)	model, form
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	刑
Reading #	1/1
No.	6861
Phonetic component	井
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	㓝
Old Chinese	/*ɡeːŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xíng (xing²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄥˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xin²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jing⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yen³

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): hìn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): hin²

• Jin (Wiktionary): xing¹
• Eastern Min (BUC): hìng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hing²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hêng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hêng⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶yin

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: síng
    • Wade–Giles: hsing²
    • Yale: syíng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyng
    • Palladius: син (sin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiŋ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: xin²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xin
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕin²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jing⁴
    • Yale: yìhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jing⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ying⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jen²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hìn
    • Hakka Romanization System: hin^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: hin²
    • Sinological IPA: /hin¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: hin²
    • Sinological IPA: /hin¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xing¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiŋ¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiŋ⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hing²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hiŋ¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hêng
    • Tâi-lô: hîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: heeng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hiɪŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hêng⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hêng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /heŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶yin
    • MiniDict: yin^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhin
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦin²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: heng

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤeŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡeːŋ/

Definitions

刑

1. penalty; sentence; punishment
2. corporal punishment; torture
3. (literary) to slaughter; to massacre
4. ^† model; example
5. ^† to set an example; to follow an example
6. a surname: Xing

Synonyms

• (penalty): 刑罰／刑罚 (xíngfá)
• (corporal punishment): 體罰／体罚 (tǐfá)
• (to slaughter):

edit

• 剿戮 (jiǎolù) (archaic)
• 屠宰 (túzǎi) (an animal for food)
• 屠戮 (túlù) (literary)
• 屠殺／屠杀 (túshā) (in large numbers)
• 慘殺／惨杀 (cǎnshā) (to kill in cold blood)
• 故意殺人／故意杀人 (gùyì shārén) (law, mainland China)
• 殘殺／残杀 (cánshā)
• 殛斃／殛毙 (jíbì) (literary)
• 殺／杀
• 殺人／杀人 (shārén) (to kill someone)
• 殺害／杀害 (shāhài)
• 殺戮／杀戮 (shālù) (literary)
• 殺死／杀死 (shāsǐ)
• 解決／解决 (jiějué) (euphemism)
• 誅殺／诛杀 (zhūshā) (literary)
• 謀殺／谋杀 (móushā)
• 辦／办 (bàn) (euphemism)

 

Compounds

• 上刑 (shàngxíng)
• 主刑 (zhǔxíng)
• 九刑
• 五刑 (wǔxíng)
• 免刑
• 八刑
• 典刑 (diǎnxíng)
• 刑事 (xíngshì)
• 刑事主權／刑事主权
• 刑事學／刑事学
• 刑事局 (Xíngshìjú)
• 刑事案
• 刑事犯
• 刑事訴訟／刑事诉讼
• 刑事調查／刑事调查
• 刑事警察 (xíngshì jǐngchá)
• 刑事責任／刑事责任 (xíngshì zérèn)
• 刑于
• 刑人 (xíngrén)
• 刑具 (xíngjù)
• 刖刑
• 刑剋／刑克
• 刑名
• 刑問／刑问 (xíngwèn)
• 刑器
• 刑場／刑场 (xíngchǎng)
• 刑天 (Xíngtiān)
• 刑官
• 刑席
• 刑庭 (xíngtíng)
• 刑律
• 刑憲／刑宪
• 刑戮 (xínglù)
• 刑房 (xíngfáng)
• 刑政
• 刑書／刑书
• 刑期 (xíngqī)
• 刑期無刑／刑期无刑
• 刑杖
• 刑案
• 刑求 (xíngqiú)
• 刑法
• 刑法學／刑法学
• 刑清
• 刑網／刑网
• 刑罰／刑罚 (xíngfá)
• 刑臣
• 刑訊／刑讯 (xíngxùn)
• 刑警 (xíngjǐng)
• 刑警隊／刑警队
• 刑責／刑责
• 刑賞／刑赏
• 刑辟
• 刑部 (Xíngbù)
• 刑部尚書／刑部尚书
• 刑錯／刑错
• 刑餘／刑余
• 刑馬作誓／刑马作誓
• 刑鼎
• 判刑 (pànxíng)
• 剮刑／剐刑 (guǎxíng)
• 加刑 (jiāxíng)
• 動刑／动刑 (dòngxíng)
• 受刑 (shòuxíng)
• 受刑人
• 嚴刑／严刑 (yánxíng)
• 嚴刑峻法／严刑峻法 (yánxíngjùnfǎ)
• 土刑
• 報應刑／报应刑
• 大刑 (dàxíng)
• 天刑
• 官刑
• 宮刑／宫刑 (gōngxíng)
• 寬刑省法／宽刑省法
• 常刑 (chángxíng)
• 徒刑 (túxíng)
• 從刑／从刑 (cóngxíng)
• 恤刑
• 慎刑
• 懷刑／怀刑
• 扑作教刑
• 挺刑
• 政簡刑清／政简刑清
• 斬刑／斩刑
• 明刑
• 明刑弼教
• 易刑處分／易刑处分
• 明正典刑
• 晉鑄刑鼎／晋铸刑鼎
• 有期徒刑 (yǒuqī túxíng)
• 服刑 (fúxíng)
• 極刑／极刑 (jíxíng)
• 死刑 (sǐxíng)
• 毒刑
• 決獄斷刑／决狱断刑
• 流刑 (liúxíng)
• 淫刑
• 減刑／减刑 (jiǎnxíng)
• 濫刑／滥刑 (lànxíng)
• 炮烙之刑
• 焚如之刑
• 無期徒刑／无期徒刑 (wúqī túxíng)
• 熬刑
• 特別刑法／特别刑法 (tèbié xíngfǎ)
• 理刑官
• 用刑 (yòngxíng)
• 省刑薄斂／省刑薄敛
• 磔刑
• 祥刑
• 私刑 (sīxíng)
• 科刑 (kēxíng)
• 竹刑
• 笞刑
• 絞刑／绞刑 (jiǎoxíng)
• 緩刑／缓刑 (huǎnxíng)
• 繁刑重斂／繁刑重敛
• 繁刑重賦／繁刑重赋
• 罪刑 (zuìxíng)
• 義刑義殺／义刑义杀
• 肆刑
• 肉刑 (ròuxíng)
• 能力刑
• 腐刑 (fǔxíng)
• 臨刑／临刑 (línxíng)
• 自由刑 (zìyóuxíng)
• 苦刑 (kǔxíng)
• 處刑／处刑 (chǔxíng)
• 行刑 (xíngxíng)
• 行刑場／行刑场
• 詳刑／详刑
• 象刑
• 財產刑／财产刑
• 贖刑／赎刑
• 輕刑／轻刑
• 逃刑
• 遣刑
• 酷刑 (kùxíng)
• 量刑 (liàngxíng)
• 附加刑 (fùjiāxíng)
• 隆刑峻法
• 電刑／电刑 (diànxíng)
• 鞭刑 (biānxíng)
• 墨刑 (mòxíng)

 

References

• “刑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “刑”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 265.

Japanese

Shinjitai	刑
Kyūjitai	𠛬

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 刑

刑

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 𠛬)

1. penalty, punishment
2. to punish
3. to execute (to kill as a penalty)

Readings

• Go-on: ぎょう (gyō)^{←ぎやう (gyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: けい (kei, Jōyō)
• Kun: しおき (shioki)、おしおき (oshioki)
• Nanori: のり (nori)

Compounds

• 刑(ぎょう)部(ぶ)省(しょう) (gyōbushō)
• 刑(けい)罪(ざい) (keizai)
• 刑(けい)死(し) (keishi)
• 刑(けい)事(じ) (keiji)
• 刑(けい)場(じょう) (keijō)
• 刑(けい)罰(ばつ) (keibatsu)
• 刑(けい)法(ほう) (keihō)
• 刑(けい)務(む)所(しょ) (keimusho)
• 刑(けい)余(よ) (keiyo)
• 刑(けい)吏(り) (keiri)
• 寛(かん)刑(けい) (kankei)
• 求(きゅう)刑(けい) (kyūkei)
• 宮(きゅう)刑(けい) (kyūkei)
• 厳(げん)刑(けい) (genkei)
• 減(げん)刑(けい) (genkei)
• 死(し)刑(けい) (shikei)
• 終(しゅう)身(しん)刑(けい) (shūshinkei)
• 処(しょ)刑(けい) (shokei)
• 磔(たっ)刑(けい) (takkei)
• 笞(ち)刑(けい) (chikei)

Noun

刑(けい) • (kei) 

1. punishment

Suffix

刑(けい) • (-kei) 

1. punishment; sentence; penalty

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [çʌ̹ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [형]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

刑

Wikisource 刑 (eum 형 (hyeong))

1. punishment, penalty
2. law

Vietnamese

Han character

刑: Hán Nôm readings: hình

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.