शूर

See also: शौर्य

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शूर (śūra).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃuːɾ/
• Rhymes: -uːɾ

Noun

शूर • (śūr) m

1. warrior, hero

   Synonyms: वीर (vīr), बहादुर (bahādur)

Declension

	singular	plural
direct	शूर śūr	शूर śūr
oblique	शूर śūr	शूरों śūrõ
vocative	शूर śūr	शूरो śūro

Declension of शूर (masc cons-stem)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “शूर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit शूर (śūra). First attested as Old Marathi शौरा (śaurā), सौरा (saurā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕuɾ/, [ɕuːɾ]

Adjective

शूर • (śūr) (indeclinable)

1. brave, heroic, valiant, courageous

   Synonym: वीर (vīr)

Noun

शूर • (śūr) m

1. warrior, hero; a valiant man

Declension

Declension of शूर (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	शूर śūr
direct plural	शूर śūr
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	शूर śūr		शूर śūr
oblique सामान्यरूप	शूरा śūrā		शूरां- śūrān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	शूराला śūrālā		शूरांना śūrānnā
ergative	शूराने, शूरानं śūrāne, śūrāna		शूरांनी śūrānnī
instrumental	शूराशी śūrāśī		शूरांशी śūrānśī
locative सप्तमी	शूरात śūrāt		शूरांत śūrāt
vocative संबोधन	शूरा śūrā		शूरांनो śūrānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of शूर (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	शूराचा śūrāċā	शूराचे śūrāċe	शूराची śūrācī	शूराच्या śūrācā	शूराचे, शूराचं śūrāċe, śūrāċa	शूराची śūrācī	शूराच्या śūrācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	शूरांचा śūrānċā	शूरांचे śūrānċe	शूरांची śūrāñcī	शूरांच्या śūrāncā	शूरांचे, शूरांचं śūrānċe, śūrānċa	शूरांची śūrāñcī	शूरांच्या śūrāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “शूर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “शूर”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শূৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬹᬭ (Balinese script)
• শূর (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰳𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀽𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ၐူရ (Burmese script)
• શૂર (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ੂਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍂𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦹꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂴𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಶೂರ (Kannada script)
• ឝូរ (Khmer script)
• ຨູຣ (Lao script)
• ശൂര (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡠᡠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘴𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧕𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐹𑐬 (Newa script)
• ଶୂର (Odia script)
• ꢯꢹꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆷𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖳𑖨 (Siddham script)
• ශූර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩒𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚱𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஶூர (Tamil script)
• శూర (Telugu script)
• ศูร (Thai script)
• ཤཱུ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒴𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨃𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćuHrás (“strong”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewh₁- (“to be strong, to swell”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬏𐬭𐬀 (sūra), Middle Persian swl (sūr), Ancient Greek κύριος (kúrios).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕúː.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕuː.ɾɐ/

Adjective

शूर • (śū́ra) stem (root शू)

1. strong, powerful, valiant, heroic, brave
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.2.25:

     पन्य॑म्पन्य॒मित्सो॑तार॒ आ धा॑वत॒ मद्या॑य।
     सोमं॑ वी॒राय॒ शूरा॑य॥

     pányampanyamítsotāra ā́ dhāvata mádyāya.
     sómaṃ vīrā́ya śū́rāya.

     Hasten, offerers of the libation, (to present) the glorious Soma to the valiant, the hero (Indra), for (his) exhilaration.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शूर (śū́ra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शूरः śū́raḥ	शूरौ / शूरा¹ śū́rau / śū́rā¹	शूराः / शूरासः¹ śū́rāḥ / śū́rāsaḥ¹
Vocative	शूर śū́ra	शूरौ / शूरा¹ śū́rau / śū́rā¹	शूराः / शूरासः¹ śū́rāḥ / śū́rāsaḥ¹
Accusative	शूरम् śū́ram	शूरौ / शूरा¹ śū́rau / śū́rā¹	शूरान् śū́rān
Instrumental	शूरेण śū́reṇa	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरैः / शूरेभिः¹ śū́raiḥ / śū́rebhiḥ¹
Dative	शूराय śū́rāya	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरेभ्यः śū́rebhyaḥ
Ablative	शूरात् śū́rāt	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरेभ्यः śū́rebhyaḥ
Genitive	शूरस्य śū́rasya	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूराणाम् śū́rāṇām
Locative	शूरे śū́re	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूरेषु śū́reṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of शूरा (śū́rā)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शूरा śū́rā	शूरे śū́re	शूराः śū́rāḥ
Vocative	शूरे śū́re	शूरे śū́re	शूराः śū́rāḥ
Accusative	शूराम् śū́rām	शूरे śū́re	शूराः śū́rāḥ
Instrumental	शूरया / शूरा¹ śū́rayā / śū́rā¹	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूराभिः śū́rābhiḥ
Dative	शूरायै śū́rāyai	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूराभ्यः śū́rābhyaḥ
Ablative	शूरायाः / शूरायै² śū́rāyāḥ / śū́rāyai²	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूराभ्यः śū́rābhyaḥ
Genitive	शूरायाः / शूरायै² śū́rāyāḥ / śū́rāyai²	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूराणाम् śū́rāṇām
Locative	शूरायाम् śū́rāyām	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूरासु śū́rāsu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of शूर (śū́ra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शूरम् śū́ram	शूरे śū́re	शूराणि / शूरा¹ śū́rāṇi / śū́rā¹
Vocative	शूर śū́ra	शूरे śū́re	शूराणि / शूरा¹ śū́rāṇi / śū́rā¹
Accusative	शूरम् śū́ram	शूरे śū́re	शूराणि / शूरा¹ śū́rāṇi / śū́rā¹
Instrumental	शूरेण śū́reṇa	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरैः / शूरेभिः¹ śū́raiḥ / śū́rebhiḥ¹
Dative	शूराय śū́rāya	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरेभ्यः śū́rebhyaḥ
Ablative	शूरात् śū́rāt	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरेभ्यः śū́rebhyaḥ
Genitive	शूरस्य śū́rasya	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूराणाम् śū́rāṇām
Locative	शूरे śū́re	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूरेषु śū́reṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• शौर्य (śaurya)

Descendants

• Old Marathi: शौरा (śaurā), सौरा (saurā)
• Pali: sūra
• → Hindi: शूर (śūr)
• → Kannada: ಶೂರ (śūra)
• → Marathi: शूर (śūr)
• → Old Javanese: śūra
  • > Javanese: ꦱꦸꦫ (sura) (inherited)
  • → Balinese: ᬰᬹᬭ (sura)
• → Tamil: சூரன் (cūraṉ)
• → Telugu: శూరుడు (śūruḍu)

Noun

शूर • (śū́ra) stem, m

1. a strong man, warrior, hero

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शूर (śū́ra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शूरः śū́raḥ	शूरौ / शूरा¹ śū́rau / śū́rā¹	शूराः / शूरासः¹ śū́rāḥ / śū́rāsaḥ¹
Vocative	शूर śū́ra	शूरौ / शूरा¹ śū́rau / śū́rā¹	शूराः / शूरासः¹ śū́rāḥ / śū́rāsaḥ¹
Accusative	शूरम् śū́ram	शूरौ / शूरा¹ śū́rau / śū́rā¹	शूरान् śū́rān
Instrumental	शूरेण śū́reṇa	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरैः / शूरेभिः¹ śū́raiḥ / śū́rebhiḥ¹
Dative	शूराय śū́rāya	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरेभ्यः śū́rebhyaḥ
Ablative	शूरात् śū́rāt	शूराभ्याम् śū́rābhyām	शूरेभ्यः śū́rebhyaḥ
Genitive	शूरस्य śū́rasya	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूराणाम् śū́rāṇām
Locative	शूरे śū́re	शूरयोः śū́rayoḥ	शूरेषु śū́reṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms

• शवस् (śavas, “strength”)