शरण

See also: सरण, श्रेणी, and श्रोणि

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शरण (śaraṇá).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʃə.ɾəɳ/, [ʃɐ.ɾɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇ) f (Urdu spelling شرن)

1. shelter, refuge

   हमने छत के नीचे शरण ली।

   hamne chat ke nīce śaraṇ lī.

   We took shelter under the roof.

Declension

	singular	plural
direct	शरण śaraṇ	शरणें śaraṇẽ
oblique	शरण śaraṇ	शरणों śaraṇõ
vocative	शरण śaraṇ	शरणो śaraṇo

Declension of शरण (fem cons-stem)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “शरण”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শৰণ (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬭᬡ (Balinese script)
• শরণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰨𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑀭𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• ၐရဏ (Burmese script)
• શરણ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ਰਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑌰𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦫꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂩𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಶರಣ (Kannada script)
• ឝរណ (Khmer script)
• ຨຣຓ (Lao script)
• ശരണ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠠᡵᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘨𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠠᠷᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧈𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐬𑐞 (Newa script)
• ଶରଣ (Odia script)
• ꢯꢬꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆫𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖨𑖜 (Siddham script)
• ශරණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩼𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚤𑚘 (Takri script)
• ஶரண (Tamil script)
• శరణ (Telugu script)
• ศรณ (Thai script)
• ཤ་ར་ཎ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒩𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨫𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɐ.ɾɐ.ɳɐ/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *śaranás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćaranás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal”). Cognate with Latin color, Proto-Germanic *helmaz (whence English helmet, also partially derived from Old French). Compare also English color, a word derived from Latin.

Adjective

शरण • (śaraṇá) stem

1. protecting, guarding, defending

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शरण
Nom. sg.	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)
Gen. sg.	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणौ (śaraṇau)	शरणान् (śaraṇān)
Instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ)
Dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
Locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of शरण
Nom. sg.	शरणा (śaraṇā)
Gen. sg.	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणा (śaraṇā)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Vocative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Accusative	शरणाम् (śaraṇām)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ)
Instrumental	शरणया (śaraṇayā)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभिः (śaraṇābhiḥ)
Dative	शरणायै (śaraṇāyai)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभ्यः (śaraṇābhyaḥ)
Ablative	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणाभ्यः (śaraṇābhyaḥ)
Genitive	शरणायाः (śaraṇāyāḥ)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
Locative	शरणायाम् (śaraṇāyām)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणासु (śaraṇāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण
Nom. sg.	शरणम् (śaraṇam)
Gen. sg.	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
Vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
Accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni)
Instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ)
Dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
Genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
Locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)

Proper noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) stem, m

1. name of a serpent-demon
2. name of a poet
3. name of a king

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇá) stem, n

1. shelter, place of shelter or refuge or rest, hut, house, habitation, abode, lair (of an animal), home, asylum
2. refuge, protection, refuge with

   śaraṇaṃ √gam or √yā or √i etc — to go to any one for protection, seek refuge with (+accusative or genitive; often at the end of a compound)

   • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā 18.66:

     सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज

     sarvadharmānparityajya māmekaṃ śaraṇaṃ vraja

     Abandoning all mores, come only to me to take refuge

3. water
4. (with इन्द्रस्य (indrasya)) name of a सामन् (sāman)

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणम् (śaraṇám)	शरणे (śaraṇé)	शरणानि (śaraṇā́ni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā́¹)
vocative	शरण (śáraṇa)	शरणे (śáraṇe)	शरणानि (śáraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śáraṇā¹)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇám)	शरणे (śaraṇé)	शरणानि (śaraṇā́ni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā́¹)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇéna)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇā́bhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaíḥ) शरणेभिः¹ (śaraṇébhiḥ¹)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇā́ya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇā́bhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇébhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇā́t)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇā́bhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇébhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇásya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇáyoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇā́nām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇé)	शरणयोः (śaraṇáyoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇéṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: saraṇa
• → Hindi: शरण (śaraṇ)
• → Urdu: شرن (śaran)
• → Bengali: শরণ (śoron)
• → Old Javanese: śaraṇa
  • > Javanese: ꦱꦫꦤ (sarana) (inherited)
    • → Indonesian: sarana, serana
      • → Malay: sarana

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “शरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1057, column 1.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) stem, m

1. one of the arrows of Kamadeva

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शरण

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणः (śaraṇaḥ)	शरणौ (śaraṇau) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ) शरणासः¹ (śaraṇāsaḥ¹)
vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणौ (śaraṇau) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)	शरणाः (śaraṇāḥ) शरणासः¹ (śaraṇāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणौ (śaraṇau) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)	शरणान् (śaraṇān)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ) शरणेभिः¹ (śaraṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Noun

शरण • (śaraṇa) stem, n

1. falling asunder, bursting, falling in
2. killing, slaying
3. what slays or injures

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शरण

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)
vocative	शरण (śaraṇa)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)
accusative	शरणम् (śaraṇam)	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणानि (śaraṇāni) शरणा¹ (śaraṇā¹)
instrumental	शरणेन (śaraṇena)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणैः (śaraṇaiḥ) शरणेभिः¹ (śaraṇebhiḥ¹)
dative	शरणाय (śaraṇāya)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
ablative	शरणात् (śaraṇāt)	शरणाभ्याम् (śaraṇābhyām)	शरणेभ्यः (śaraṇebhyaḥ)
genitive	शरणस्य (śaraṇasya)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणानाम् (śaraṇānām)
locative	शरणे (śaraṇe)	शरणयोः (śaraṇayoḥ)	शरणेषु (śaraṇeṣu)

• ¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “शरण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1056, column 3.