गज

See also: गांजा, गाँजा, and गजः

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गज (gaja).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡəd͡ʒ/, [ɡɐd͡ʒ]

Noun

गज • (gaj) m (Urdu spelling گج)

1. elephant

   Synonym: हाथी (hāthī)

2. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) gudge: a historic unit of length equivalent to sixteen girah, redefined under British occupation as exactly equal to a yard

Declension

	singular	plural
direct	गज gaj	गज gaj
oblique	गज gaj	गजों gajõ
vocative	गज gaj	गजो gajo

Declension of गज (masc cons-stem)

Marwari

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गज (gaja).

Noun

गज (gaj) m

1. elephant

Synonyms

• गयंद (gayãnd)

Further reading

• Bhanwar, Lal Suthar, Gahlot, Sukhveer Singh (1998) राजस्थानी-हिन्दी-अंग्रेजी कोश (in Hindi), Jodhpur: Bharat Printers (Press), page 80

Old Gujarati

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गज (gaja).

Noun

गज • (gaja) m

1. elephant

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• gaja (Latin script)
• 𑀕𑀚 (Brahmi script)
• গজ (Bengali script)
• ගජ (Sinhalese script)
• ဂဇ or ၷၹ (Burmese script)
• คช or คะชะ (Thai script)
• ᨣᨩ (Tai Tham script)
• ຄຊ or ຄະຊະ (Lao script)
• គជ (Khmer script)
• 𑄉𑄎 (Chakma script)

Noun

गज m

1. Devanagari script form of gaja (“elephant”)

Declension

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	गजो (gajo)	गजा (gajā)
Accusative (second)	गजं (gajaṃ)	गजे (gaje)
Instrumental (third)	गजेन (gajena)	गजेहि (gajehi) or गजेभि (gajebhi)
Dative (fourth)	गजस्स (gajassa) or गजाय (gajāya) or गजत्थं (gajatthaṃ)	गजानं (gajānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	गजस्मा (gajasmā) or गजम्हा (gajamhā) or गजा (gajā)	गजेहि (gajehi) or गजेभि (gajebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	गजस्स (gajassa)	गजानं (gajānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	गजस्मिं (gajasmiṃ) or गजम्हि (gajamhi) or गजे (gaje)	गजेसु (gajesu)
Vocative (calling)	गज (gaja)	गजा (gajā)

Declension table of "गज" (masculine)

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• গজ (Assamese script)
• ᬕᬚ (Balinese script)
• গজ (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰕 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑀚 (Brahmi script)
• ဂဇ (Burmese script)
• ગજ (Gujarati script)
• ਗਜ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑌜 (Grantha script)
• ꦒꦗ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂔 (Kaithi script)
• ಗಜ (Kannada script)
• គជ (Khmer script)
• ຄຊ (Lao script)
• ഗജ (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠠᡯᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘕 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠠᠽᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑦵 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑐖 (Newa script)
• ଗଜ (Odia script)
• ꢔꢙ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑆘 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖕 (Siddham script)
• ගජ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞𑩣 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚑 (Takri script)
• க³ஜ (Tamil script)
• గజ (Telugu script)
• คช (Thai script)
• ག་ཛ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑒖 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑨥 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Of uncertain, possibly substrate, origin.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ.d͡ʑɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐ.d͡ʑɐ/

Noun

गज • (gaja) stem, m

1. elephant

   Synonyms: हस्तिन् (hastin), नाग (nāga), कुञ्जर (kuñjara)

2. (chaturanga) gaja, a chaturanga piece ancestral to the bishop in chess
   1. (chess) bishop

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गज (gaja)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गजः gajaḥ	गजौ / गजा¹ gajau / gajā¹	गजाः / गजासः¹ gajāḥ / gajāsaḥ¹
Vocative	गज gaja	गजौ / गजा¹ gajau / gajā¹	गजाः / गजासः¹ gajāḥ / gajāsaḥ¹
Accusative	गजम् gajam	गजौ / गजा¹ gajau / gajā¹	गजान् gajān
Instrumental	गजेन gajena	गजाभ्याम् gajābhyām	गजैः / गजेभिः¹ gajaiḥ / gajebhiḥ¹
Dative	गजाय gajāya	गजाभ्याम् gajābhyām	गजेभ्यः gajebhyaḥ
Ablative	गजात् gajāt	गजाभ्याम् gajābhyām	गजेभ्यः gajebhyaḥ
Genitive	गजस्य gajasya	गजयोः gajayoḥ	गजानाम् gajānām
Locative	गजे gaje	गजयोः gajayoḥ	गजेषु gajeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• महागज (mahāgaja)

Descendants

Descendants

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀅 (gaa)
• Pali: gaja
  • → Thai: คชา (ká-chaa), คช (kót)
• → Acehnese: gajah
• → Balinese: ᬕᬚᬄ (gajah)
• → Banjarese: gajah
• → Toba Batak: ᯎᯐ (gaja)
• → Bikol Central: gagdya
• → Cebuano: gadya
• → Chinese: 伽耶 (qiéyé)
• → Gorontalo: gaja
• → Hiligaynon: gadyo
• → Hindi: गज (gaj)
• → Ilocano: gadia
• → Javanese: ꦒꦗꦃ (gajah)
• → Kannada: ಗಜ (gaja)
• → Ledo Kaili: gaja
• → Kapampangan: gagdia
• → Madurese: ꦓꦙ (ghajha)
• → Malay: gajah
  • Indonesian: gajah
  • → Bikol Central: gadyâ
  • → Cebuano: gadyâ
  • → Maguindanao: gajah
  • → Tagalog: gadya
  • → Tausug: gadja
• → Malayalam: ഗജം (gajaṁ)
• → Minangkabau: gajah
• → Old Gujarati: गज (gaja)
• → Marwari: गज (gaj) (learned)
• → Molbog: gaja
• → Brooke's Point Palawano: gadya
• → Sasak: gajah
• → Sika: glajak
• → Sundanese: ᮌᮏᮂ (gajah)
• → Tagalog: gadya
• → Tamil: கஜம் (kajam)
• → Telugu: గజము (gajamu)
• → Tulu: ಗಜ (gaja)
• → Urdu: گج (gaj)
• → Waray-Waray: gadya
• → Wolio: gaja
• → English: gaja (learned)

References

• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “gaja”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “gaja- - ganá-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 458