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стоять

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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Russian

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Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic стоꙗти (stojati), from Proto-Slavic *stojati (“to stand”), from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [stɐˈjætʲ]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

стоя́ть • (stojátʹ) impf (perfective постоя́ть, verbal noun стоя́ние)

  1. to stand
    Ва́за стои́т на столе́. ― Váza stoít na stolé. ― The vase is standing on the table.
    Челове́к стои́т посреди́ ко́мнаты. ― Čelovék stoít posredí kómnaty. ― The person is standing in the middle of the room.
  2. to be situated (usually about a towering or potentially towering object)
    Пари́ж стои́т на Се́не. ― Paríž stoít na Séne. ― Paris stands on the Seine.
  3. (figuratively) to be in a certain place within a formal structure
    У вла́сти стои́т престу́пная кли́ка. ― U vlásti stoít prestúpnaja klíka. ― Within the government stands a criminal clique.
    Э́тот челове́к стои́т в организа́ционной иера́рхии вы́ше всех.
    Étot čelovék stoít v organizácionnoj ijerárxii výše vsex.
    This person stands above everyone in the organisational hierarchy.
  4. (figuratively) to firmly follow or adhere [with на (na, + prepositional) ‘to something’]
    Он упо́рно стоя́л на своём. ― On upórno stojál na svojóm. ― He stubbornly held his ground. (literally, “He stubbornly stood on his own [story, argument].”)
    Мы стои́м на при́нципе ра́венства. ― My stoím na príncipe rávenstva. ― We stand on the principle of equality.
  5. (figuratively) to be idle, to be in a state of malfunction or downtime
    Маши́ны стоя́т. ― Mašíny stoját. ― The machines are at a standstill.
    Часы́ стоя́т. ― Časý stoját. ― The clock is stuck.
    • 2017, Буерак [Buerak], “Усталость от безделья [Ustalostʹ ot bezdelʹja]”, in Скромные Апартаменты‎:
      Вре́мени свобо́дного мно́го.
      Заво́ды стоя́т — совсе́м не беда́.
      Vrémeni svobódnovo mnógo.
      Zavódy stoját — sovsém ne bedá.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  6. (figuratively) to withstand, to survive, to not succumb
    В э́том бою́ они́ стоя́ли на́смерть. ― V étom bojú oní stojáli násmertʹ. ― In this battle, they withstood to the death.
  7. (colloquial) (figuratively) to be in line, to be in a queue
    Я стоя́л за хле́бом с двух часо́в. ― Ja stojál za xlébom s dvux časóv. ― I've been standing [in line] for bread since two o'clock.
    Он стои́т в о́череди на опера́цию тре́тьим, сра́зу за свои́м сосе́дом по пала́те.
    On stoít v óčeredi na operáciju trétʹim, srázu za svoím sosédom po paláte.
    He stands third in line for surgery, immediately behind his wardmate.
  8. (figuratively) to be frozen
    • 1931, Lev Sheinin, Strangers in the Tundra:
      Ни́же, под на́сыпью, протека́ла река́ Ко́ла, ещё стоя́вшая в э́то вре́мя.
      Níže, pod násypʹju, protekála reká Kóla, ješčó stojávšaja v éto vrémja.
      Below, under the embankment, the Kola river was flowing, still frozen at this time.
  9. (imperative) expresses a demand to stop or stop moving
    Стой, ты же навреди́шь себе́. ― Stoj, ty že navredíšʹ sebé. ― Wait, you're going to hurt yourself.
  10. (figuratively) to be erect

Usage notes

  • Not to be confused with most of the conjugation forms pertaining to сто́ить (stóitʹ). Note the difference in stress between forms of the same spelling.

Conjugation

More information imperfective aspect, infinitive ...
Conjugation of стоя́ть (class 5b imperfective intransitive)
More information imperfective aspect, infinitive ...
Pre-reform conjugation of стоя́ть (class 5b imperfective intransitive)

Derived terms

verbs
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Ukrainian

Pronunciation

Verb

стоя́ть • (stojátʹ)

  1. inflection of стоя́ти (stojáty):
    1. infinitive
    2. third-person plural present indicative

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