συμφωνία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From σῠ́μφωνος (súmphōnos, “agreeing in sound, harmonious”) +‎ -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā), from σῠν- (sun-, “with, together”) +‎ φωνή (phōnḗ, “sound”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sym.pʰɔː.ní.aː/ → /sym.ɸoˈni.a/ → /sim.foˈni.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sym.pʰɔː.ní.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /sym.pʰoˈni.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /sym.ɸoˈni.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /sym.foˈni.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /sim.foˈni.a/

Noun

σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ • (sumphōníā) f (genitive σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱς); first declension

1. agreement in sound, symphony
2. (music) accord, concord (e.g. octave)
3. numerous sounds played together, a concert of vocal or instrumental (or both) music
4. music
5. band, orchestra
6. type of musical instrument
7. harmony, agreement, accord

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ hē sumphōníā	τὼ σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ tṑ sumphōníā	αἱ σῠμφωνῐ́αι hai sumphōníai
Genitive	τῆς σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱς tês sumphōníās	τοῖν σῠμφωνῐ́αιν toîn sumphōníain	τῶν σῠμφωνῐῶν tôn sumphōniôn
Dative	τῇ σῠμφωνῐ́ᾳ têi sumphōníāi	τοῖν σῠμφωνῐ́αιν toîn sumphōníain	ταῖς σῠμφωνῐ́αις taîs sumphōníais
Accusative	τὴν σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱν tḕn sumphōníān	τὼ σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ tṑ sumphōníā	τᾱ̀ς σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱς tā̀s sumphōníās
Vocative	σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ sumphōníā	σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ sumphōníā	σῠμφωνῐ́αι sumphōníai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ἡ σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱ; τῆς σῠμφωνῐ́ᾱς (Attic)

Derived terms

• σῠμφωνῐκός (sumphōnikós)

Descendants

• Greek: συμφωνία (symfonía)
• → Aramaic: סוּמְפֹּנְיָה (“probably a kind of musical instrument”)
• → English: symphonia
• → Latin: symphōnia f (“music, symphony”) (see there for further descendants)
• → Russian: симфо́ния f (simfónija, “symphony”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “συμφωνία”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• συμφωνία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• G4858 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • accord idem, page 6.
  • agreement idem, page 20.
  • compatibility idem, page 150.
  • concert idem, page 155.
  • concord idem, page 156.
  • conformity idem, page 159.
  • correspondence idem, page 176.
  • harmony idem, page 386.
  • symphony idem, page 850.
  • unanimity idem, page 906.
  • union idem, page 922.
  • unity idem, page 923.

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek συμφωνία (sumphōnía). Doublet of τσαμπούνα (tsampoúna).

Noun

συμφωνία • (symfonía) f (plural συμφωνίες)

1. agreement, concurrence, accordance
2. consent
3. arrangement, pact
4. (music) symphony
5. settlement

Declension

	singular	plural
nominative	συμφωνία •	συμφωνίες •
genitive	συμφωνίας •	συμφωνιών •
accusative	συμφωνία •	συμφωνίες •
vocative	συμφωνία •	συμφωνίες •

Declension of συμφωνία

Antonyms

• αντιγνωμία f (antignomía)
• ασυμφωνία f (asymfonía)
• διαφωνία f (diafonía)
• διχογνωμία f (dichognomía)

Related terms

• see: συμφωνώ (symfonó, “to agree, to agree with”)

See also

• συνθήκη f (synthíki, “treaty”)