Trigonochlamydidae

Trigonochlamydidae is a family of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial gastropod molluscs in the clade Eupulmonata (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

Trigonochlamydidae Temporal range: Recent[1] PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Ghost slug, Selenochlamys ysbryda
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Infraorder:	Limacoidei
Family:	Trigonochlamydidae Hesse, 1882
Subfamilies and genera[2]
Parmacellillinae P. Hesse, 1926 Parmacellilla Simroth, 1910 Trigonochlamydinae P. Hesse, 1882 Boreolestes Schileyko & Kijashko, 1999 Drilolestes Lindholm, 1925 Hyrcanolestes Simroth, 1901 Khostalestes Suvorov, 2003 Lesticulus Schileyko, 1988 Pseudomilax O. Boettger, 1881 Trigonochlamys O. Boettger, 1881 Troglolestes Liovushkin & Matiokin, 1965
Diversity
9 genera, 11 species

Distribution

The native distribution of Trigonochlamydidae includes Caucasus,^[1] Iran and Turkey.^[3]

Taxonomy

Previously, Trigonochlamydidae was placed in the superfamily Trigonochlamydoidea Hesse, 1882, in the subinfraorder Sigmurethra. This was the only family within that superfamily.^[4]

The family Trigonochlamydidae is now classified within the limacoid clade, which itself belongs to the clade Stylommatophora, within the clade Eupulmonata (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

The following two subfamilies have been recognized in the taxonomy of Bouchet & Rocroi (2005):

• subfamily Trigonochlamydinae Hesse, 1882 – synonyms: Selenochlamydinae I. M. Likharev & Wiktor, 1980
• subfamily Parmacellillinae Hesse, 1926^[5]

Genera

There are nine^[3] genera in the family Trigonochlamydidae with a total of 11 species:

Subfamily Trigonochlamydinae

• Boreolestes Schileyko & Kijashko, 1999
  • Boreolestes likharevi Schileyko & Kijashko, 1999 – type species^[6]
  • Boreolestes sylvestris Kijashko in Schileyko & Kijashko, 1999^[6]
• Drilolestes Lindholm, 1925 – with only one species Drilolestes retowskii (O. Boettger, 1884)^[6]
• Hyrcanolestes Simroth, 1901 – with only one species Hyrcanolestes velitaris (Martens, 1880)^[6]
• Khostalestes Suvorov, 2003^[3] – with only one species Khostalestes kochetkovi Suvorov, 2003^[3][6]
• Lesticulus Schileyko, 1988 – with only one species Lesticulus nocturnus Schileyko, 1988^[6]
• Trigonochlamys O. Boettger, 1881 – type genus of the family Trigonochlamydidae, with only one species Trigonochlamys imitatrix O. Boettger, 1881^[6]
• Troglolestes Ljovushkin & Matiokin, 1965 – with only one species Troglolestes sokolovi Liovushkin & Matiokin, 1965^[6]

Subfamily Parmacellillinae

• Parmacellilla Simroth, 1910 – type genus of the subfamily Parmacellillinae, with only one species Parmacellilla filipowitschi Simroth, 1910^[7]

Synonym:

• Pseudomilax O. Boettger, 1881 is a synonym for various genera in Trigonochlamydidae.

Selenochlamys O. Boettger, 1883 has been removed from the Trigonochlamydidae to the Oxychilidae based on DNA evidence.^[8]

Cladogram

The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family with the other families in the limacoid clade:^[9]

limacoid clade	Staffordioidea  Staffordiidae  Dyakioidea  Dyakiidae  Gastrodontoidea  Pristilomatidae Chronidae Euconulidae Trochomorphidae Gastrodontidae Oxychilidae  Parmacelloidea  Trigonochlamydidae Parmacellidae Milacidae  Zonitoidea  Zonitidae  Helicarionoidea  Helicarionidae Ariophantidae Urocyclidae  Limacoidea  Vitrinidae Boettgerillidae Limacidae Agriolimacidae

References

1. "Family summary for Trigonochlamydidae". AnimalBase, last modified 26 August 2005, accessed 1 September 2010.
2. MolluscaBase eds. (2024). MolluscaBase. Trigonochlamydidae Hesse, 1882. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=867826 on 21 August 2024
3. Suvorov A. N. (2003). "A new species and genus of carnivorous slugs (Pulmonata Trigonochlamydidae) from West Transcaucasia". Ruthenica 13: 149–152. abstract.
4. Sistemica (Spanish list of genera), cited 7 October 2008.
5. Hesse P. (1926). "Die Nacktschnecken der palearktischen Region". Abhandlungen des Archiv für Molluskenkunde 2(1): 1–152. page 47 and page 54. plates 1–2.
6. Kantor Yu I., Vinarski M. V., Schileyko A. A. & Sysoev A. V.(published online on 22 December 2009). "Catalogue of the continental mollusks of Russia and adjacent territories". Version 2.3.
7. Schileyko A. A. (2003). "Treatise on Recent Terrestrial Pulmonate Molluscs. Part 11. Trigonochlamydidae, Papillodermidae, Vitrinidae, Limacidae, Bielziidae, Agriolimacidae, Boettgerillidae, Camaenidae." Ruthenica, Supplement 2(11): 1467–1626, Moscow. page 1467.
8. Neiber, Marco T.; Walther, Frank; Hausdorf, Bernhard (October 2020). "Phylogenetic relationships of ghost slugs (Selenochlamys) and overlooked instances of limacization in Western Palaearctic Limacoidei (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 151: 106897. Bibcode:2020MolPE.15106897N. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106897. PMID 32585288.
9. Hausdorf B. (March 2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379–390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.