Ariophantidae

Ariophantidae is a taxonomic family of air-breathing land snails and semi-slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicarionoidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).^[2]

Ariophantidae
Two live individuals of Macrochlamys indica
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Order:	Stylommatophora
Suborder:	Helicina
Infraorder:	Limacoidei
Superfamily:	Helicarionoidea
Family:	Ariophantidae Godwin-Austen, 1888[1]
Genera
See text

Distribution

The distribution of the family Ariophantidae includes India and south-eastern Asia.^[3]

Anatomy

Snails within this family make and use love darts made of chitin.^[4]

In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 21 and 25 and also lies between 31 and 35, but other values are also possible (according to the values in this table).^[5]

Taxonomy

Subfamilies

The family Ariophantidae consists of 3 subfamilies:

• Ariophantinae Godwin-Austen, 1888 - synonyms: Naninidae Pfeffer, 1878 (inv.); Hemiplectinae Gude & B. B. Woodward, 1921^[6]
• Macrochlamydinae Godwin-Austen, 1888^[1] - synonyms: Tanychlamydinae H. B. Baker, 1928;^[7] Vitrinulini Schileyko, 2003^[8]
• Ostracolethinae Simroth, 1901 - synonyms: Parmarioninae Godwin-Austen, 1908;^[9] Laocaiini Schileyko, 2002;^[10] Microparmarionini Schileyko, 2003;^[11] Myotestidae Collinge, 1902^[12]

Genera

The following genera are recognised in the family Ariophantidae:^[13]

Ariophantinae

• Ariophanta Des Moulins, 1829 - type genus of the family Ariophantidae^[2]
• Bapuia Godwin-Austen, 1918
• Cryptogirasia Cockerell, 1891
• Cryptozona Mörch, 1872
• Dalingia Godwin-Austen, 1907
• Dihangia Godwin-Austen, 1916
• Euplecta C. Semper, 1870
• Galongia Godwin-Austen, 1916
• Hemiplecta Albers, 1850
• Indrella Godwin-Austen, 1901
• Khasiella Godwin-Austen, 1899
• Mariaella Gray, 1855
• Megaustenia Cockerell, 1912
• Ratnadvipia Godwin-Austen, 1899 - endemic to Sri Lanka^[14]
• Ravana Godwin-Austen, 1901
• Schwammeria Schileyko, 2010
• Sitalinopsis Thiele, 1931
• Taphrospira W. T. Blanford, 1904
• Xesta Albers, 1850

Macrochlamydinae

• Baiaplecta Laidlaw, 1956
• Himalodiscus Kuznetsov, 1996
• Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 - type genus of the subfamily Macrochlamydinae^[2]
• Microcystina Mörch, 1872
• Oxytesta Zilch, 1956
• Parvatella W. T. Blanford & Godwin-Austen, 1908
• Rahula Godwin-Austen, 1907
• Sakiella Godwin-Austen, 1908
• Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907
• Sesara Albers, 1860
• Syama W. T. Blanford & Godwin-Austen, 1908
• Tadunia Godwin-Austen, 1918
• Taphrenalla Pholyotha & Panha, 2021
• Varadia Bhosale & Raheem, 2021
• Vitrinula Gray, 1857

Microparmarion simrothi

Ostracolethinae

• Apoparmarion Collinge, 1902
• Cambodiparmarion Kuznetsov & Kuzminykh, 1999
• Cryptosemelus Collinge, 1902
• Damayantia Issel, 1874
• Damayantiella Zilch, 1959
• Isselentia Collinge, 1901
• Microparmarion Simroth, 1893
• Minyongia Godwin-Austen, 1916
• Ostracolethe Simroth, 1901 - type genus of the subfamily Ostracolethinae
• Paraparmarion Collinge, 1902
• Parmarion P. Fischer, 1855
• Parmunculus Collinge, 1899
• Philippinella Möllendorff, 1899
• Wiegmannia Collinge, 1901

Subfamily not assigned

• Falsiplecta Schileyko & Semenyuk, 2018

Cladogram

The following cladogram shows the phylogenic relationships of this family with other families in the limacoid clade:^[3]

limacoid clade	Staffordioidea  Staffordiidae  Dyakioidea  Dyakiidae  Gastrodontoidea  Pristilomatidae Chronidae Euconulidae Trochomorphidae Gastrodontidae Oxychilidae  Parmacelloidea  Trigonochlamydidae Parmacellidae Milacidae  Zonitoidea  Zonitidae  Helicarionoidea  Helicarionidae Ariophantidae Urocyclidae  Limacoidea  Vitrinidae Boettgerillidae Limacidae Agriolimacidae

References

1. Godwin-Austen H. H. (April 1888). Land and freshwater Mollusca of India. including South Arabia, Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir, Nepal, Burmah, Pegu, Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, and other islands of the Indian Ocean, supplementary to Messrs. Theobald and Hanley's Conchologia Indica. Taylor & Francis, London, volume 1, part 6: 207-257, page 253.
2. Bouchet, Philippe; Rocroi, Jean-Pierre; Frýda, Jiri; Hausdorf, Bernard; Ponder, Winston; Valdés, Ángel & Warén, Anders (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. 47 (1–2). Hackenheim, Germany: ConchBooks: 1–397. ISBN 3-925919-72-4. ISSN 0076-2997.
3. Hausdorf B. (2000). "Biogeography of the Limacoidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora): Vicariance Events and Long-Distance Dispersal". Journal of Biogeography 27(2): 379-390. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2000.00403.x, JSTOR.
4. "Bringing the Lab to the Field: A New Lowland Microparmarion Semi-slug (Gastropoda: Ariophantidae) from Borneo, described and DNA-barcoded in the Forest". Novataxa. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
5. Barker G. M. (2001). Gastropods on Land: Phylogeny, Diversity and Adaptive Morphology. in Barker G. M. (ed.): The biology of terrestrial molluscs. CABI Publishing, Oxon, UK, 2001, ISBN 0-85199-318-4. 1-146, cited pages: 139 and 142.
6. Gude G. P. L. K. & Woodward B. B. (1921). "On Helicella, Férussac". Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 14(5-6): 174-190. page 186.
7. Baker H. B. (1928). Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 80: 6.
8. Schileyko (2003). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 10: page 1354
9. Godwin-Austen H. H. (1908). In: Blanford W. T. & Godwin-Austen H. H. (1908). The fauna of British India. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae, page 180.
10. Schileyko (2002). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 9: page 1219.
11. Schileyko (2003). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, part 10: page 1337.
12. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Ostracolethinae Simroth, 1901". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2022-03-27.
13. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Ariophantidae Godwin-Austen, 1883". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2022-03-27.
14. Raheem D. & Naggs F. (2006). "The Sri Lankan endemic semi-slug Ratnadvipia (Limacoidea: Ariophantidae) and a new species from southwestern Sri Lanka". Systematics and Biodiversity 4(1): 99-126. doi:10.1017/S1477200005001854.

Further reading

• Schileyko A. A. (2003). "Treatise on recent terrestrial pulmonate mollusks. 10. Ariophantidae, Ostracolethaidae, Ryssotidae, Milacidae, Dyakiidae, Staffordiidae, Gastrodontidae, Zonitidae, Daudebardiidae, Parmacellidae". Ruthenica, Supplement 2. 1309-1466.

External links

• Media related to Ariophantidae at Wikimedia Commons