Timeline of Rotterdam

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Rotterdam, Netherlands.

ca. 950 - Settlement at the lower end of the fen stream Rotte
1270 - Dam built on Rotte.
1299 - John I, Count of Holland granted rights to the people of Rotterdam, marking the origin of the town.^[1]
1328 - Latin school established
1340 - City rights granted by William IV, Count of Holland.^[2]
1350 - Rotterdamse Schie (canal) constructed (approximate date).
1466 - Erasmus, philosopher and Catholic theologian born.^[1]
1477 - Saint Lawrence Church consecrated.
1489 - Rotterdam besieged by forces of Frans van Brederode.^[1]
1563 - Fire.^[3]
1572 - Spanish in power.^[1]
1574 - Admiralty of Rotterdam organized.
1611 - Guild of Saint Luke active (approximate date).^{[citation needed]}
1622 - Erasmus statue by Hendrick de Keyser erected.^[4]^[1]
1626 - Collegium Mechanicum established.^[5]
1632 - Population: 20,000 (approximate).^[1]
1643 - Scottish Presbyterian church built.^[6]
1722 - Exchange built.^[4]
1769 - Batavian Society for Experimental Philosophy founded.
1773 - Studium Scientiarum Genetrix literary society formed.^[7]
1780 - Birth of Hendrik Tollens, poet.^[1]
1781 - Rotterdamse Academie established.
1796 - Population: 53,212.^[1]
1797 - Netherlands Missionary Society founded.
1798 - Organ installed in Saint Lawrence Church.^[2]

1813 - Johan François van Hogendorp van Heeswijk becomes mayor.
1835 - Town Hall rebuilt.^[2]
1838 - Population: 72,000.^[8]
1844 - Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant begins publication.^[9]
1847 - Delftsche Poort railway station opens.
1849 - Boymans Museum opens.^[10]
1851 - Royal Maas Yacht Club founded.
1857 - Zoo opens.^[1]
1859 - Rotterdamsch Leeskabinet (library) founded.
1863 - Rotterdam Bank established.
1866 - Population: 115,277.^[11]
1869 - Feijenoord becomes part of city.^[1]
1870 - Municipal waterworks established.^[1]
1872 - Nieuwe Waterweg constructed.
1873 - Netherlands-America Steamship Company in business.
1874
- Katendrecht village becomes part of city.
- Oldenzeel art gallery in business.^[12]
- Fountain installed at Nieuwe Markt.^[4]
- Maritime Museum founded.^[13]
1875
- Post office built.^[1]
- Koninklijke Rotterdamsche Lloyd [nl] shipping firm in business.
1876 - Rotterdamsche reinigingsdienst formed.
1877 - Railway Bridge,^[4] Rotterdam Zuid railway station, and Rotterdam Beurs railway station open.
1878 - Willemsbrug opens.^[4]
1879
- Horsecar trams begin operating.
- Passage (arcade) built.^[4]
1882 - Fish Market built.^[4]
1885 - Museum for Geography and Ethnology opens.^[14]
1886 - Delfshaven becomes part of city.^[1]
1891 - Population: 203,500.^[4]
1894 - Municipal gas and electricity established.^[1]
1895 - Charlois and Kralingen become part of city.^[1]
1898 - Witte Huis built.
1900 - "Record office" established.^[1]

1904
- Museum van Oudheden (city history museum) in operation in the Schielandshuis.
- Schiecentrale built.
1905
- Electric trams begin operating.
- Population: 379,017.^[1]
1908
- Rotterdam Hofplein railway station opens.
- Wilhelmina football club formed.
1913 - Netherlands School of Commerce founded.
1920 - Voorwaarts newspaper begins publication.^[9]
1925 - Economic Faculty Association established.
1927 - Natural History Museum established.
1930
- Rotterdam Philharmonic Orchestra active.
- Naamlooze Vennootschap Margarine Unie in business.^[15]^[16]
- Rotterdams Conservatorium founded.
1931
- Rotterdamse Dansschool founded.
- Van Nelle Factory built.
1934
- Hoogvliet and Pernis become part of city.
- De Doelen (concert hall and convention centre) built.
1937
- Stadion Feijenoord and Rotterdam Stadion railway station open.
- Museum of Taxation founded.^[17]
1938
- Pieter Oud becomes mayor.
- Yevhen Konovalets is assassinated in Rotterdam by Pavel Sudoplatov.
1940
- May 14: Rotterdam Blitz.^[18]
- Diergaarde Blijdorp (zoo) re-opens.
1941 - Hillegersberg, IJsselmonde, Overschie, and Schiebroek become part of city.
1945 - Pieter Oud becomes mayor again.
1946
- Plan for the Reconstruction of Rotterdam [nl] adopted.
- Algemeen Dagblad begins publication.
1953
- Rotterdam Blaak railway station and Rotterdam Noord railway station open.
- Groothandelsgebouw built.
1956 - Airport opens.
1957 - Rotterdam Centraal railway station opens.
1958 - Arboretum Trompenburg opens.
1960
- Euromast tower built.
- City hosts Floriade horticulture exhibition.
1962 - Port of Rotterdam ranked world's busiest port by cargo tonnage.^{[citation needed]}
1964
- Rotterdam Lombardijen railway station opens.
- Hilton Hotel built.
1965 - Regional Rinjmond Public Authority created.^[19]
1966 - De Doelen (concert hall and convention centre) rebuilt.
1968 - Rotterdam Metro begins operating.
1969 - Rotterdam Alexander railway station opens.
1970
- Poetry International first performance.
- NRC Handelsblad begins publication, after the merger between Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant and Algemeen Handelsblad
- Nedlloyd shipping firm in business.
- Kralingen Music Festival held.
1972 International Film Festival Rotterdam first started.
1973
- Charlois, Hoogvliet, and Hoek van Holland sub-municipalities created.^[20]
- Maasvlakte in operation.
1974 - André van der Louw becomes mayor.
1975
- Prins Alexander sub-municipality created.^[20]
- Werkcentrum Dans founded.
1976
- IJsselmonde and Centrum Noord sub-municipalities created.^[20]
- Stoom Stichting Nederland railway museum founded.
1977 - Sviib (student association) organized.
1979 - HNLMS Buffel museum ship opens.
1981
- Rotterdam Marathon begins.
- Baroeg (music venue) in business.
1982 - Bram Peper becomes mayor.
1984
- Zomercarnaval begins.
- Cube houses built near Oude Haven.
1986 - Port of Rotterdam ranked world's busiest container port.^{[citation needed]}
1988 - Hogeschool Rotterdam established.
1990 - Witte de With Center for Contemporary Art^[21] and Shipping and Transport College established.^[22]
1991 - Gebouw Delftse Poort built.
1992 - Kunsthal art museum opens.
1993
- Netherlands Architecture Institute relocates to Rotterdam.
- Chabot Museum opens.^[23]
1994 - V2 Institute for the Unstable Media active.
1996
- Erasmus Bridge opens.
- Schouwburgplein (square) redesigned.
1997 - MAMA project established by Public Art Squad Foundation.^[24]
1999
- Ivo Opstelten becomes mayor.
- WORM (Rotterdam) active.^[25]
2000
- Architecture Film Festival Rotterdam begins.^{[citation needed]}
- Codarts University for the Arts opens.
- KPN Tower built.

2001
- World Port Center built.
- Oceanium (aquarium) opens.
- City designated a European Capital of Culture.
2002 - Regio Randstad regional governance group formed.^[26]
2003 - Netherlands Photo Museum opens.
2005 - Montevideo (residential skyscraper) built.
2006
- North Sea Jazz Festival begins in Rotterdam.
- Rotterdam Circus Arts founded.^{[citation needed]}
2007 - RandstadRail and Betuweroute in operation.
2009
- Ahmed Aboutaleb becomes first Muslim mayor of a major European city.
- Maastoren skyscraper built.
2010
- Rozenburg becomes part of city.
- Pernis sub-municipality created.
- New Orleans (residential skyscraper) built.
- 2010 Tour de France cycling race starts from Rotterdam.
2012 - Population: 616,250.
2013 Maasvlakte 2 in operation.
2014
- Market Hall built.
- Rotterdam Centraal station in operation.
2020 - Population: 651,376
2021
- Depot Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen.^[27]
- De Zalmhaven built.
- Floating Office Rotterdam (FOR)^[28] built, accommodating the Global Center on Adaptation.

History of Rotterdam [nl]
List of mayors of Rotterdam
List of churches in Rotterdam [nl]
List of national monuments in Rotterdam [nl]
Timelines of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, Haarlem, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Leiden, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Utrecht

[1]
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1910). "Rotterdam" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 766.
[2]
"Rotterdam", Belgium and Holland, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759
[3]
Hammond's Comprehensive Atlas of the World, New York: Hammond & Co., 1913, OCLC 77937509, OL 23470505M
[4]
"Rotterdam", Belgium and Holland (3rd ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1891, OCLC 5624932, OL 23280595M
[5]
Arjan Van Dixhoorn; Susie Speakman Sutch, eds. (2008). The Reach of the Republic of Letters: Literary and Learned Societies in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16955-5.
[6]
C.B. Black (1908). "Rotterdam". Holland: its Rail, Tram, and Waterways (3rd ed.). London: Adam and Charles Black.
[7]
Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
[8]
"Rotterdam", A hand-book for travellers on the continent (2nd ed.), London: John Murray, 1838, OCLC 2030550
[9]
Jan van de Plasse (2005). Kroniek van de Nederlandse dagblad- en opiniepers (in Dutch). Otto Cramwinckel. ISBN 978-90-75727-77-7. (timeline)
[10]
Beschrijving der schilderijen enz. in het Museum te Rotterdam, gesticht door Mr. F. J. O. Boymans. 1859.
[11]
"Netherlands". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1869. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590337.
[12]
Martha Op de Coul (2002). "In search of Van Gogh's Nuenen studio: the Oldenzeel exhibitions of 1903". Van Gogh Museum Journal. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[13]
"Maritiem Museum Rotterdam". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[14]
"History". Wereldmuseum Rotterdam. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[15]
Unilever Nederland. "Onze geschiedenis" (in Dutch). Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[16]
"History of Unilever". Unilever. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[17]
Charles Adams (1999), For Good and Evil: The Impact of Taxes on the Course of History (2nd ed.), Madison Books, ISBN 1568331231, OL 387134M, 1568331231
[18]
David T. Zabecki (2015). "Chronology of World War II in Europe". World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-81242-3.
[19]
Major Cities and Their Peripheries: Co-operation and Co-ordinated Management. Local and Regional Authorities in Europe. Council of Europe Press. 1993. ISBN 978-92-871-2394-7.
[20]
Robert L. Morlan (1982). "Sub-Municipal Governance in Practice: The Rotterdam Experience". Western Political Quarterly. 35 (3): 425–441. doi:10.2307/447555. JSTOR 447555.
[21]
"Witte de With Contemporary Art". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[22]
"History". STC-Group. Archived from the original on December 1, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[23]
"Chabot Museum". Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[24]
"Showroom MAMA". Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[25]
"WORM Rotterdam". Myspace. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.
[26]
Randstad Holland, Netherlands. OECD Territorial Reviews. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2007. ISBN 978-92-64-00793-2.
[27]
https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/10/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen Depot Museum Boymans Van Beuningen
[28]
https://www.powerhouse-company.com/for-office Floating Office Rotterdam

In English

Thomas Nugent (1749), "Rotterdam", The Grand Tour, vol. 1: Netherlands, London: S. Birt, hdl:2027/mdp.39015030762598
"Rotterdam". Gazetteer of the Netherlands. Attributed to Clement Cruttwell. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson. 1794.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
"Rotterdam". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822. hdl:2027/njp.32101073846667.
"Rotterdam" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 766.
Frans Dieleman & Robert C. Kloosterman (2000). "Room to manoeuvre: governance, the post-industrial economy, and housing provision in Rotterdam". In Mario Polèse & Richard E. Stren (eds.). The Social Sustainability of Cities: Diversity and the Management of Change. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-8320-3.
Anton Kreukels; et al., eds. (2005). "Rotterdam". Metropolitan Governance and Spatial Planning: Comparative Case Studies of European City-Regions. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-49606-8.
Stefan Couperus (2016). "Building Democracy Anew: Neighborhood Planning and Political Reform in Post-Blitz Rotterdam". Journal of Urban History. 42.

In Dutch

Abraham Jacob van der Aa (1847). "Rotterdam". Aardrijkskundig woordenboek der Nederlanden [Geographical dictionary of the Netherlands] (in Dutch). Vol. 9. Gorinchem: Jacobus Noorduyn. hdl:2027/mdp.39015039364024 – via HathiTrust.
Rotterdam in den loop der eeuwen [Rotterdam in the course of ages] (in Dutch). Rotterdam: W. Nevens. 1906.
Henri Zondervan, ed. (1921), "Rotterdam", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch), vol. 14 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy „Elsevier“, hdl:2027/mdp.39015068347924

Media related to History of Rotterdam at Wikimedia Commons
"All buildings in the Netherlands, shaded according to year of construction". Amsterdam: Waag Society. (map that includes Rotterdam)
Europeana. Items related to Rotterdam, various dates.
Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Rotterdam, various dates

[brit1910-1] [1]
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1910). "Rotterdam" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 766.

[baedeker1910-2] [2]
"Rotterdam", Belgium and Holland, Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759

[hammond-3] [3]
Hammond's Comprehensive Atlas of the World, New York: Hammond & Co., 1913, OCLC 77937509, OL 23470505M

[baedeker1891-4] [4]
"Rotterdam", Belgium and Holland (3rd ed.), Leipsic: Karl Baedeker, 1891, OCLC 5624932, OL 23280595M

[Dixhoorn2008-5] [5]
Arjan Van Dixhoorn; Susie Speakman Sutch, eds. (2008). The Reach of the Republic of Letters: Literary and Learned Societies in the Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16955-5.

[black1908-6] [6]
C.B. Black (1908). "Rotterdam". Holland: its Rail, Tram, and Waterways (3rd ed.). London: Adam and Charles Black.

[parrott-7] [7]
Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.

[murray1838-8] [8]
"Rotterdam", A hand-book for travellers on the continent (2nd ed.), London: John Murray, 1838, OCLC 2030550

[Plasse2005-9] [9]
Jan van de Plasse (2005). Kroniek van de Nederlandse dagblad- en opiniepers (in Dutch). Otto Cramwinckel. ISBN 978-90-75727-77-7. (timeline)

[10] [10]
Beschrijving der schilderijen enz. in het Museum te Rotterdam, gesticht door Mr. F. J. O. Boymans. 1859.

[11] [11]
"Netherlands". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1869. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590337.

[12] [12]
Martha Op de Coul (2002). "In search of Van Gogh's Nuenen studio: the Oldenzeel exhibitions of 1903". Van Gogh Museum Journal. Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[13] [13]
"Maritiem Museum Rotterdam". Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[14] [14]
"History". Wereldmuseum Rotterdam. Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[15] [15]
Unilever Nederland. "Onze geschiedenis" (in Dutch). Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[16] [16]
"History of Unilever". Unilever. Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[17] [17]
Charles Adams (1999), For Good and Evil: The Impact of Taxes on the Course of History (2nd ed.), Madison Books, ISBN 1568331231, OL 387134M, 1568331231

[Zabecki2015-18] [18]
David T. Zabecki (2015). "Chronology of World War II in Europe". World War II in Europe: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-81242-3.

[19] [19]
Major Cities and Their Peripheries: Co-operation and Co-ordinated Management. Local and Regional Authorities in Europe. Council of Europe Press. 1993. ISBN 978-92-871-2394-7.

[morlan1982-20] [20]
Robert L. Morlan (1982). "Sub-Municipal Governance in Practice: The Rotterdam Experience". Western Political Quarterly. 35 (3): 425–441. doi:10.2307/447555. JSTOR 447555.

[21] [21]
"Witte de With Contemporary Art". Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[22] [22]
"History". STC-Group. Archived from the original on December 1, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[23] [23]
"Chabot Museum". Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[24] [24]
"Showroom MAMA". Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[25] [25]
"WORM Rotterdam". Myspace. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved November 29, 2012.

[oecd2007-26] [26]
Randstad Holland, Netherlands. OECD Territorial Reviews. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 2007. ISBN 978-92-64-00793-2.

[27] [27]
https://www.mvrdv.nl/projects/10/depot-boijmans-van-beuningen Depot Museum Boymans Van Beuningen

[28] [28]
https://www.powerhouse-company.com/for-office Floating Office Rotterdam

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

Timeline of Rotterdam

Wikiwand in your browser!

Timeline of Rotterdam

Wikiwand in your browser!

Prior to 19th century

19th century

20th century

21st century

See also

References

Bibliography

External links