Thermotogati

Thermotogati is a kingdom of bacteria.^[5] They are united by the presence of an outer sheath-like membrane called a "toga".^[4]

Thermotogati
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Thermotogati Battistuzzi & Hedges 2024[1]
Phyla[2]
"Acetithermota" "Bipolaricaulota" Deinococcota Synergistota Thermotogota
Synonyms
DST "Thermotogae" Battistuzzi & Hedges 2009[3] "Thermotogida" Luketa 2012[4] "Synthermota" Cavalier-Smith 2019

Phylogeny

The kingdom contains 3 valid and 2 candididate phyla:^[1][2]

Notes:

• "Acetithermota" phylum as recorded by LPSN contains only one genus, "Candidatus Acetithermum". NCBI considers it a synonym of Bipolaricaulota per Hao et al. 2018.^[6]
• Neither LTP nor GTDB resolves current Thermotogati as a monophyletic group. The smallest group that includes all definitionally included phyla and sister groups are presented. Thermotogati and its now included phyla are shown in bold.
• Phylogenies below the phylum level are available on the pages for these individual phyla.
• The trees are extracted from phylum trees in pages The All-Species Living Tree Project and Branching order of bacterial phyla (Genome Taxonomy Database, 2018). They are subject to the disclaimers on these pages.

16S rRNA based LTP_08_2023[7][8][9]

120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[10][11][12]

Pseudomonadati "Thermosulfidibacterota" Aquificota "Synergistetes" Caldisericota Synergistota Coprothermobacterota Thermotogota Atribacterota Deltaproteobacteria Thermotomaculales Spirochaetota Firmicutes 3 "FCB" "Ca. Melainabacteria" Cyanobacteriota Armatimonadota Chloroflexota Deinococcota Firmicutes 2 "Thermodesulfobiota" Elusimicrobiota Nitrospirota Clostridia Acidobacteriota Chitinivibrionia "Planctobacteria" "Firmicutes" 1 (includes Bacillota and Fusobacteriota) Pseudomonadati

Actinomycetota "Bipolaricaulota" (incl. "Acetithermota"; "Fraseribacteriota") Deinococcota Thermotogati "Synergistetes" Atribacterota (incl. "Caldatribacteriota") Synergistota (incl. "Aminanaerobiota") "Thermocalda" Dictyoglomerota Thermodesulfobiota Coprothermobacterota "Lithacetigenota" Caldisericota Thermotogota "Candidate phyla radiation" "Cyanoprokaryota" "Margulisiibacteriota" (incl. "Saganiibacteriota") Cyanobacteriota (incl. "Blackalliibacteriota"; "Melainabacteria"; "Tanganyikabacteria") Pseudomonadati (incl. Fusobacteriati)

The proximity of Thermotogota to Synergistota is well-resolved in both trees. GTDB, which includes "Ca. Bipolaricaulota", supports its proximity to Deinococcota. However, the two trees do not appear to support the proximity between these two two-phylum groups.

Hao et al. (2018), using a CheckM genome tree constructed out of 43 marker genes, instead finds that "Ca. Bipolaricaulota" branches between Thermotogota and Synergistota, with Deinococcota branching relatively far away.^[13]

See also

• List of bacterial orders
• List of bacteria genera