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Regiment of the Indian Army From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Grenadiers is an infantry regiment of the Indian Army, formerly part of the Bombay Army and later the pre-independence British Indian Army, when the regiment was known as the 4th Bombay Grenadiers. It has distinguished itself during the two world wars and also since the Independence of India. The regiment has won many battle honours and gallantry awards, and is considered to be one of India's most decorated regiments with three Param Vir Chakra awardees in three different conflicts.[2]
| The Grenadiers | |
|---|---|
.svg) Regimental Insignia of The Grenadiers | |
| Active | 1778–present |
| Country |  British India India |
| Branch | .svg){kind=small} East India Company British Indian Army Indian Army |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | 25 battalions |
| Regimental Centre | Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh |
| Nickname(s) | The Grinders |
| Motto(s) | Sarvada Shaktishali (Ever Powerful)[1] |
| Engagements | Second Anglo-Afghan War Third Burmese War Third Anglo-Afghan War First World War Second World War Sino-Indian War Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 Nathu La and Cho La clashes Indo-Pakistani War of 1971 Operation Pawan Kargil War, 1999 |
| Decorations | |
| Battle honours | Post Independence Gurez, Asal Uttar, Jarpal, Chakra, Tololing & Tiger Hill |
| Commanders | |
| Colonel of the Regiment | Lt Gen Sanjay Mitra |
| Insignia | |
| Regimental Insignia | A brass grenade bearing the White Horse of Hanover. The insignia is worn on the uniform with a white hackle. |
The oldest grenadier regiment of the armies in the Commonwealth belongs to the Indian Army. The concept of 'Grenadiers' evolved from the practice of selecting the bravest and strongest men for the most dangerous tasks in combat. The Grenadiers have the longest unbroken record of existence in the Indian Army.[3]
The history of the Indian Grenadiers is linked to the troops recruited for the army of the Bombay Presidency. The first mention of a grenadier company hails back to 1684, when a little army of English troops, which had taken possession of the island of Bombay and comprising three companies of Europeans and local Christians, had a grenadier company, but nothing was heard about this unit subsequently. In 1710, the Bombay Army consisted of five companies of "Europeans, topasses (Indian Christians), and coffrees (Kaffirs)" of which the first company was a European grenadier company. This company was merged into the Bombay European Regiment, which was later disbanded. In 1757, Robert Clive had raised the 1st Regiment of the Bengal Native Infantry of which two companies were grenadier companies, however, no regiments of grenadiers were formed from the Bengal Army until a battalion was formed in 1779.[4]
In 1759, as a response to French maneuvering in South India, the strength of the Bombay Army was enhanced, and the first company of sepoy grenadiers was raised with the best of Bombay sepoys "paying a regard to those having families on the island". It had only native officers and all sepoys wore red coats faced with blue. Later on, an adjutant was appointed to the corps.
Later the Bombay Army comprised a number of sepoy battalions, each having one or two grenadier companies. These were clubbed together as a composite battalion comprising the grenadier companies of the Bombay sepoy battalions, and they won the famous battle of Talegaon in 1778. So impressive was the performance of this composite battalion that the Bombay Presidency ordered the permanent raising of a grenadier battalion which duly took place on 12 March 1779, thirty-six years before the first time that a British battalion was given the honour of calling itself "grenadiers". The Governor General of Bombay made an Order dated 12 November 1779, according to which the grenadier companies of the following regiments combined to form the first Grenadier Regiment in the world, namely "The Grenadier Battalion, First Regiment of Infantry":
| 4th Bombay Grenadiers | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1922–1947 |
| Country | British India |
| Branch | Indian Army |
| Type | Infantry |
The 4th Bombay Grenadiers were an infantry regiment of the pre-independence Indian Army, formed on 1 March 1922 as part of the reforms of the Indian Army that took place after the end of the First World War.[3] Following this, the Regiment spent the next fifteen years serving in the British Somaliland protectorate in present-day Somaliland, as well as in China and on the North-West Frontier. The 3rd, 4th and 5th Battalions were all disbanded and the 10th Battalion amalgamated with the 10th Battalion, Jat Regiment to form a Combined Training Centre at Bareilly.[3] Following the Second World War they were one of the regiments allocated to the new Indian Army and renamed The Grenadiers
The regiment consisted of six battalions, all former regiments themselves. These were:
At the beginning of the Second World War there were only two battalions of the Regiment, the 1st and 2nd. This was soon changed, though, as a number of battalions were raised for wartime service, including: 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 14th, 25th, 26th and 27th Battalions.[3] The 10th (Training Battalion) was also de-linked from the Jat Regiment. Some of these battalions were to be garrison or rear area troops only, while others went on to serve with distinction in a number of theatres during the war including the Middle East and Burma, notably during the Arakan campaigns and at Kohima.
The 4th Grenadiers formed the motorised infantry element of the Indian Armoured and Tank brigades, distinguishing themselves as 'tank escort' infantry protecting tanks against sniper attack in jungle conditions:
In October 1945, the Indian infantry regiments lost their numerical designation and the regiment was re-designated as the Indian Grenadiers, thus severing its last link with the erstwhile Bombay Army (Special Indian Army Order 132/S/45). Following the partition of India, the regiment was allotted to India. The active units at that time were the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 25th. The Muslim troops in the regiment were allotted to Pakistan. Dogras from 5 Baluch joined the 1st battalion, The Frontier Force Rifles to 2nd battalion, and from 1/16 Punjab to the 4th battalion.[5]
The Grenadiers consists of 23 battalions, four Rashtriya Rifles battalions and two Territorial Army battalions -
 |
| Battalion | Raising Date | Remarks | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Battalion § | 1778 | Raised as 8th Regiment of Bombay Sepoys. Underwent many name changes, was designated 101st Grenadiers, prior to present designation. Battle honours - Mangalore, Mysore, Hyderabad, Kandahar 1880, Afghanistan 1878–80, Burma 1885–87, Somaliland 1901–04, East Africa 1914–16, Egypt, Gaza, Megiddo, Nablus, Palestine 1917–18. Post independence – Gurais. Became 2nd Battalion, Brigade of the Guards in 1950. | [6][7] |
| 2nd Battalion | 1796 | Raised in Calicut by Captain David Cameron as 13th Battalion, Bombay Native Infantry. Underwent many name changes, was designated 102nd King Edward's Own Grenadiers, before present designation. Battle honours – Egypt (1801), Kirkee (1817), Koregaon (1817), Persia (1857), Abyssinia (1868), Kut-Al-Amara (1917), Naga Village (1944). Nicknamed Second to None. | [8] |
| 3rd Battalion | 1768 | Raised as 1st Battalion, Bombay Sepoys. Underwent many name changes, was designated 108th Infantry, before present designation. Nicknamed Param Vir Chakra Paltan. Battle honours (pre-independence) – Mangalore 1783, Mysore 1793, Hyderabad (Sind) 1843, Afghanistan 1879, Aden 1916, Mesopotamia 1917, Kalewa 1944 and Fort Dufferin, Mandalay 1945; post-independence – theatre honour - Rajasthan (Sadhewala) in 1965 and battle honour – Jarpal in 1971. Major Hoshiar Singh was awarded the PVC. | [9][10] |
| 4th Battalion | 1768 | Raised as 5th Battalion, Bombay Sepoys. Underwent many name changes, was designated 109th Infantry, before present designation. Battle honours : pre-independence – Mysore, Central India, Aden, Punjab, Multan, Burma, Afghanistan, Taungtha, Meiktila, Pwabwe, Sharqat, Pegu; post-independence – Asal Uttar (1965). CQMH Abdul Hamid was awarded the PVC. Nicknamed Param Vir Chakra Paltan and The Fighting Fourth. | [11][12] |
| 5th Battalion | 1796 | Raised as 2nd Battalion, 6th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry. Underwent many name changes, was designated 112th Infantry, before present designation. Nicknamed Finest Fifth. | |
| 6th Battalion | 1962 | Raised as 6/4 Grenadiers (Motorised) by Lieutenant Colonel D Greigson at Nasirabad in 1942. Disbanded 1943. Re-raised in 1962 by Lieutenant Colonel AB Jhadav at Jaipur. Nicknamed Joshila Sixth. | [13] |
| 7th battalion § | 1949 | Raised from Kutch and Saurashtra State Forces in camel mounted role, became regular infantry in 1957. Became 9th Battalion, Mechanised Infantry Regiment in 1979. Battle honour Chhadbet | [14][15] |
| 8th Battalion | 1963 | Raised 1949 in Ahmedabad from state forces of Lunavada, Rajpipla, Baria and Idar, disbanded 1949, re-raised 1963 in Jaipur under Major BS Brah. Battle honour – Chakra (1971). Nicknamed Chakra Battalion and Gallant Eighth. | [16] |
| 9th Battalion | 1954 | Mewar, ex-State Forces unit | [17][18] |
| 10th Battalion | 1800 | Raised 1st Battalion, 7th Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry. Underwent many name changes, was designated 113th Infantry, before present designation. Training Battalion. | |
| 11th Battalion | 1963 | Raised at Ajmer as a Territorial battalion in 1922 (1st battalion, Ajmer Regiment), disbanded in 1948, re-raised in 1963 in Jaipur by Lieutenant Colonel Racchpal Singh. | [19] |
| 12th Battalion | 1964 | Raised at Nasirabad by Major NS Sidhu. Lieutenant Colonel Hari Singh was the first commanding officer. Nicknamed Thundering Twelfths. | [20] |
| 13th Battalion | 1889 | Raised as the Ganga Risala by Maharaja Ganga Singh of the Indian state of Bikaner. | [21] |
| 14th Battalion | 1965 | From 34th Training Unit (raised 1943), disbanded 1946, re-raised 1965. | [22] |
| 15th Battalion | 1966 | Raised in Nasirabad by Lieutenant Colonel PS Mahurkar. Nicknamed The Dare Devils | [23] |
| 16th Battalion | 1966 | Raised in Babina under Lieutenant Colonel NB Jayaram . | [24] |
| 17th Battalion § | 1966 | Raised as a camel battalion in Bikaner under Lieutenant Colonel KS Harihar Singh. Nicknamed The Desert Hawks. Motorized Infantry Regiment. Became 24th Battalion, Brigade of the Guards in 2023. | [25] |
| 18th Battalion | 1976 | Battle honour – Tiger Hill and Tololing. Nicknamed Param Vir Chakra Paltan after the PVC won by Grenadier Yogendra Singh Yadav. | [26][27] |
| 19th Battalion | 1979 | Nicknamed Utkrisht Unnees. | |
| 20th Battalion | Nicknamed Double Axe. | ||
| 21st Battalion | 1985 | Nicknamed Awwal Ekkis. | |
| 22nd Battalion | 1988 | Raised in Jabalpur. Nicknamed as Bravest of the Brave and Ashok Chakra Paltan – has won two Ashok Chakras. | [28] |
| 23rd Battalion | |||
| 24th Battalion | |||
| 25th Battalion | 2014 | Raised under the command of Colonel Vipul Singh Rajput, nicknamed Parakrami Pacchees. | [29] |
| 12 Rashtriya Rifles | |||
| 29 Rashtriya Rifles | Nicknamed Cobra Paltan. | ||
| 39 Rashtriya Rifles | |||
| 55 Rashtriya Rifles | |||
| 118 (TA) Battalion | 1939 | Raised at 7 Central Provincial Urban Infantry Battalion (Indian Territorial Force). Present designation since 1949. Located at Bhusaval, Maharashtra | [30][31] |
| 123 (TA) Battalion | 1956 | Raised by Lieutenant Colonel Zorawar Singh at raised at Senapati House, Jhotwara. Located at Jaipur, Rajasthan. Nicknamed Jaipur Terriers. | [32][33] |
§ indicates former units.
The Grenadiers has been affiliated with The Armoured Corps and with the Indian Navy.
Prior to Indian independence, the Regiment had won many battle honours as part of the British Indian Army. These battle honour include:[36]
Since 1947, the Regiment has won the following battle honours as part of the Indian Army:
|
The Grenadiers have the unique and distinct honour of having the most number of Param Vir Chakras, India's highest medal for gallantry, among all the Indian Army's Infantry Regiments.[37] Of note also, is the fact that prior to independence, British officers serving with The Grenadiers won four Victoria Crosses.[38] Members of the Regiment have also received a number of other decorations prior to independence.
Indian Distinguished Service Medal
Indian Meritorious Service Medal
Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE)
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