Takli Formation

The Takli Formation is a Maastrichtian geologic formation in India.^[1] Dinosaur remains diagnostic to the genus level are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.^[2]

Takli Formation
Stratigraphic range: Maastrichtian
Type	Geological formation
Lithology
Primary	Claystone, siltstone, marl
Location
Coordinates	21.2°N 79.1°E / 21.2; 79.1
Approximate paleocoordinates	26.2°S 61.5°E / -26.2; 61.5
Region	Maharashtra, Gujarat
Country	India
Type section
Named for	Tákli Plain
Takli Formation (India)

Paleobiota

Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon		Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Dinosaurs

Sauropods

Sauropods from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Fusioolithus	F. baghensis	eggshell fragments	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Sauropod Eggs.
Sauropoda[3][4]	Indeterminate	tooth	Gujarat	Maastrichtian	A Sauropod.
Titanosauridae	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Titanosaur.

Theropods

Theropods from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
?Coelurosauria[4]	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Coelurosauria was a common wastebasket taxon.
?Megalosauridae	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Megalosauridae was a common wastebasket taxon.
Massospondylus[5][6]	M. rawesi	Tooth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Previously thought to be a Massospondylus now thought to have been an indeterminate Theropod.[7][8]
Theropoda[9]	Indeterminate	Teeth.	Gujarat	Maastrichtian	An indeterminate theropod.

Other Archosaurs

Other Archosaurs from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Archosauria[4]	Indeterminate	teeth	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	Either a saurischian or a crocodillan.
Crocodyliformes[10]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Crocodyliform.

Lepidosaurs

Lepidosaurs from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Gekkonidae[11]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Gecko.
Boidae[12][13]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snake.
Scincomorpha[12][13]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Scincomorph.
?Contogenys[11]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Globaurid.
Anguidae[14]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Anguid.
Litakis[11]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Platynota.
Exostinus	E. estesi[11] E. estesai		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Xenosaurid.
Pristiguana	P. sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Iguanid.
Iguanidae[11]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An iguanid.

Amphibians

Amphibians from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Anura[15]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Frog.
Pelobatidae[13]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Spadefoot Toad.

Fish

Fishes from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Pycnodus	P. lametae P. bicresta[16]		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Pycnodontid Fish.
Belonostomus[12]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Aspidorhynchid Fish.
Sphyraena[14]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Barracuda.
Enchodus	E. ferox[14] sp.[12]		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Enchodontid Fish.
Clupeidae[14]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Clupeid Fish.
Apateodus[16]	A. striatus		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Ichthyotringid Fish.
Stephanodus[16]	S. lybicus		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Eotrigonodontid Fish.
Ostracion[14]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Ostraciid Fish.
Palaeolabrus[16]	P. dormaalensis		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Palaeolabrid Fish.
Lepisosteus[14]	L. indicus		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Gar.
Lepidotes[12]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A possible late surviving lepidotid.
Dasyatis[12]	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Whiptail stingray.
Igdabatis	I. sigmodon		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Eagle ray.
Osteoglossum	O. deccanensis		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A osteoglossid Fish.
Osteichthyes[15]	Indeterminate	Ganoid and Cycloid scales	Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Bony fish.

Mammals

Mammals from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Symmetrodonta[14]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Allotherian Mammal.

Molluscas

Molluscas from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Bivalvia	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Clam.
Limnaea	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.
Valvata	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.
Paludina	sp.		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.
Physa	P. prinsepii		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snail.

Crustaceans

Crustaceans from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Ostracoda[17]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	An Ostracod.

Turtles

Turtles from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
Pelomedusidae[14]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Pelomedusid Turtle.
Testudinata	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Turtle.

Insects

Insects from the Takli Formation
Genus	Species	Material	Location	Time Period	Notes	Images
?Buprestidae[18]	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Jewel beetle.
Lomatus[18][19]	L. hislopi		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Jewel beetle.
?Curculionidae	Indeterminate		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snout beetle.
Meristos[18]	M. hunteri		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snout beetle.
Palaeotanymecides[18]	P. hislopi		Maharashtra	Maastrichtian	A Snout beetle.

Flora

See also

• List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
  • List of stratigraphic units with few dinosaur genera

References

1. Tákli Plain, northwest of Nagpur at Fossilworks.org
2. Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.
3. A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. Journal of the Geological Society of India 32(5):382-395
4. Vianey-Liaud, Monique; Jain, Sohan L.; Sahni, Ashok (1988-01-22). "Dinosaur eggshells (Saurischia) from the Late Cretaceous Intertrappean and Lameta formations (Deccan, India)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 7 (4): 408–424. Bibcode:1988JVPal...7..408V. doi:10.1080/02724634.1988.10011673. ISSN 0272-4634.
5. R. Lydekker. 1890. Note on certain vertebrate remains from the Nagpur district. Records of the Geological Survey of India 23(1):21-24
6. Weishampel, David B. (1990). "Dinosaur distribution". In David B. Weishampel; Peter Dodson; Halszka Osmólska (eds.). The Dinosauria (1st ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 63–139. ISBN 978-0-520-06727-1.
7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230808666_The_history_of_dinosaur_collecting_in_Central_India_1828-1947
8. Molina-Pérez, Rubén; Larramendi, Asier; Atuchin, Andrey; Mazzei, Sante; Connolly, David; Ramírez Cruz, Gonzalo Ángel (2019). Dinosaur facts and figures: the theropods and other dinosauriformes. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-18031-1. OCLC 1051136420.
9. A. Sahni and S. Bajpai. 1988. Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary events: the fossil vertebrate, palaeomagnetic and radiometric evidence from Peninsualr India. Journal of the Geological Society of India 32(5):382-395
10. Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (2021-09-06). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9: e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. ISSN 2167-8359. PMC 8428266. PMID 34567843.
11. Kapur, Vivesh V.; Khosla, Ashu (2018-12-03). "Faunal elements from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences of India: A reappraisal of biostratigraphic, palaeoecologic, and palaeobiogeographic aspects". Geological Journal. 54 (5): 2797–2828. doi:10.1002/gj.3379. ISSN 0072-1050.
12. S. L. Jain. 1989. Recent dinosaur discoveries in India, including eggshells, nests and coprolites. In D. D. Gillette & M. G. Lockley (ed.), Dinosaur Tracks and Traces 99-108
13. Rage, Jean-Claude; Prasad, Guntupalli V. R.; Verma, Omkar; Khosla, Ashu; Parmar, Varun (2020), Prasad, Guntupalli V.R.; Patnaik, Rajeev (eds.), "Anuran Lissamphibian and Squamate Reptiles from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) Deccan Intertrappean Sites in Central India, with a Review of Lissamphibian and Squamate Diversity in the Northward Drifting Indian Plate", Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics: New Perspectives on Post-Gondwana Break-up–A Tribute to Ashok Sahni, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 99–121, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-49753-8_6, ISBN 978-3-030-49753-8, retrieved 2024-08-18
14. http://palaeontologicalsociety.in/vol35/v11.pdf
15. S. Hislop. 1861. Remarks on the geology of Nágpur. Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 6:194-204
16. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282319217_Vertebrate_fauna_from_the_infra-_and_inter-trappean_beds_of_Andhra_Pradesh_age_implications
17. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258963754_New_Evidence_for_Paleobiogeographic_Intercontinental_Gondwana_Relationships_Based_on_Late_Cretaceous-Earliest_Paleocene_Coastal_Faunas_from_Peninsular_India
18. A. Murray. 1860. Notes on some fossil insects from Nagpur. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 16:182-186
19. Bellamy, C. L. (2013). "Fossil Buprestidae". A Checklist of World Buprestoidea. Retrieved 7 Sep 2021.

Bibliography

• Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka, eds. (2004). The Dinosauria (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 1–880. ISBN 0-520-24209-2. Retrieved 2019-02-21.