Provinces of Vietnam
List of Vietnam's subdivisions From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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List of Vietnam's subdivisions From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Vietnam is divided into 63 first-level subdivisions, comprising fifty-eight provinces (tỉnh) and five municipalities under the command of the central government (Vietnamese: thành phố trực thuộc trung ương). Municipalities are the highest-ranked cities in Vietnam.[1] Municipalities are centrally-controlled cities and have special status equal to that of the provinces.
Provinces and municipalities of Vietnam Tỉnh và thành phố trực thuộc trung ương Việt Nam (Vietnamese) | |
---|---|
Category | Unitary state |
Location | Vietnam |
Created |
|
Number | 58 provinces 5 municipalities (as of 2024) |
Populations | 338,000 (Bắc Kạn) –9,125,000 (Hồ Chí Minh City) |
Areas | 822.7 km2 (317.6 sq mi) (Bắc Ninh) – 16,493.7 km2 (6,368.3 sq mi) (Nghệ An) |
Government |
|
Subdivisions |
The provinces are divided into provincial cities (thành phố thuộc tỉnh), municipal cities (thành phố trực thuộc thành phố trung ương), towns/borough (thị xã), urban district (quận), and rural districts (huyện) as the second-tier units. At the third tier, a provincial city or town is divided into wards (phường), communes (xã), and townships (thị trấn).
Provincial Committee of the Communist Party (Đảng bộ Đảng Cộng sản cấp tỉnh or Tỉnh ủy Đảng Cộng sản) is a provincial subordinate of the Communist Party of Vietnam. Since Vietnam is a one party state, the provincial committee of the Communist Party is the most prominent organ of provincial governance.
Each provincial committee of the Communist Party is headed by a Secretary (Bí thư). The Secretary is de facto leader of the province.
The legislative branch of a province is the People's Council (Hội đồng Nhân dân or HDND for short). The People's Council votes on the policy, regulations and orders for development of the province.
Members of the People's Council are called delegates or councillors (đại biểu) and are elected by people living within that province. It is equivalent to the legislative National Assembly of Vietnam. The People's Council is headed by a Chairman (Chủ tịch) and a Vice Chairman (Phó Chủ tịch).
The number of councillors varies from province to province, depending on the population of that province. The People's Council appoints a People's Committee, which acts as the executive arm of the provincial governance. This arrangement is a somewhat simplified version of the situation in Vietnam's national government. Provincial governments are subordinates to the central government.
The executive branch of a province is the People's Committee (Uỷ ban Nhân dân or UBND for short). The People's Committee is responsible for implementing policy and executing laws and orders. The People's Committee is equivalent to the executive Government of Vietnam. People's Committee also manages the provincial departments (Sở) which are equivalent to the Ministries.
Members of the People's Committee are called commissioners (Ủy viên). The People's Committee is headed by a Chairman (Chủ tịch) and Vice Chairmen (Phó Chủ tịch), and consists of between 4 and 7 commissioners. The number of commissioners depends on the population of the province. The chairman and Vice Chairmen of the People's Committee are also councillors of the People's Council.
The judiciary branch of a province is the People's Court (Tòa án Nhân dân or TAND for short). The People's Court is responsible for judiciary processes and trials. The People's Court is equivalent to the judiciary Supreme People's Court of Vietnam.
The People's Court is headed by a Chief Judge (Chánh án) and consists of a number of judges (thẩm phán).
The provincial police department is under direct command of the Ministry of Public Security.
Provinces of Vietnam Island areas: -Bạch Long Vĩ Island (Haiphong Municipality [3]) -Paracel Islands (Hoàng Sa district, Đà Nẵng Municipality [4]) -Phú Quý Islands (Phú Quý district, Bình Thuận province [46]) -Phú Quốc Island (Phú Quốc City, Kiên Giang province [58]) -Thổ Chu Islands (Phú Quốc City, Kiên Giang province [58]) -Côn Đảo Islands (Côn Đảo district, Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province [51]) -Spratly Islands (Trường Sa district, Khánh Hòa province [43]) |
According to the census results of April 1, 2019, the population of Vietnam was 96,208,984.[2] The most populous top-level administrative unit is Hồ Chí Minh City, one of the five centrally governed cities, having 9,125,000 people living within its official boundary. The second most populous administrative unit is the recently expanded Hà Nội with 8,146,000 people.[3] Prior to the expansion of the capital city, this rank belonged to Thanh Hóa with 3,689,000 people. The least populous is Bắc Kạn, a mountainous province in the remote northeast with 338,000 people.
In land area, the largest province is Nghệ An, which runs from the city of Vinh up the wide Sông Cả valley. The smallest is Bắc Ninh, located in the populous Red River Delta region.
The following is a table of Vietnam's provinces broken down by population and area, according to the 2023 Census and the 2018 area data from Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.[4][5] Municipalities are written in bold.
Province/city | Number on map |
Administrative center |
Area (in km2) [citation needed] |
Population [4] |
Density (/km2) [3][note 1] |
% Urban [3] |
HDI (2012) [6] |
GDP per capita (2011 PPP US$)[6] |
Region |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bắc Giang province | 21 | Bắc Giang | 3,895.59 | 1,884,000 [7] | 463 | 11.4 | 0.711 | 1,909.44 | Northeast |
Bắc Kạn province | 15 | Bắc Kạn | 4,859.96 | 338,000 [8] | 65 | 20.7 | 0.685 | 1,766.68 | |
Cao Bằng province | 11 | Cao Bằng | 6,700.26 | 576,000 [9] | 79 | 23.3 | 0.653 | 1,564.27 | |
Hà Giang province | 10 | Hà Giang | 7,929.48 | 910,000 [10] | 108 | 15.9 | 0.586 | 1,083.72 | |
Lạng Sơn province | 12 | Lạng Sơn | 8,310.09 | 828,000 [11] | 94 | 20.4 | 0.707 | 2,201.98 | |
Phú Thọ province | 18 | Việt Trì | 3,534.56 | 1,515,000 [12] | 414 | 18.1 | 0.715 | 1,916.23 | |
Quảng Ninh province | 22 | Hạ Long | 6,178.21 | 1,387,000 [13] | 214 | 64.1 | 0.784 | 7,834.55 | |
Thái Nguyên province | 16 | Thái Nguyên | 3,526.64 | 1,356,000 [14] | 365 | 31.9 | 0.741 | 2,547.11 | |
Tuyên Quang province | 14 | Tuyên Quang | 5,867.90 | 1,056,000[15] | 134 | 13.8 | 0.699 | 1,948.18 | |
Lào Cai province | 9 | Lào Cai | 6,364.03 | 898,000 [16] | 115 | 23.5 | 0.670 | 2,767.55 | Northwest |
Yên Bái province | 13 | Yên Bái | 6,887.46 | 950,000 [17] | 119 | 19.8 | 0.657 | 1,845.51 | |
Điện Biên province | 7 | Điện Biên Phủ | 9,541.25 | 705,000 [18] | 63 | 14.4 | 0.611 | 1,589.03 | |
Hòa Bình province | 23 | Hòa Bình | 4,590.57 | 979,000 [19] | 186 | 15.7 | 0.715 | 2,343.13 | |
Lai Châu province | 8 | Lai Châu | 9,068.79 | 527,000 [20] | 51 | 17.8 | 0.560 | 1,081.84 | |
Sơn La province | 17 | Sơn La | 14,123.49 | 1,356,000 [21] | 88 | 13.8 | 0.634 | 1,773.90 | |
Bắc Ninh province | 20 | Bắc Ninh | 822.71 | 1,447,000 [22] | 1,664 | 27.5 | 0.771 | 4,451.41 | Red River Delta |
Hà Nam province | 27 | Phủ Lý | 861.93 | 945,000 [23] | 989 | 16.7 | 0.724 | 2,131.93 | |
Hải Dương province | 25 | Hải Dương | 1,668.24 | 2,003,000 [24] | 1,134 | 25.2 | 0.746 | 2,513.92 | |
Hưng Yên province | 24 | Hưng Yên | 930.22 | 1,340,000 [25] | 1,347 | 12.2 | 0.743 | 2,503.79 | |
Nam Định province | 28 | Nam Định | 1,668.57 | 1,852,000 [26] | 1,067 | 18.2 | 0.726 | 1,904.97 | |
Ninh Bình province | 29 | Ninh Bình | 1,386.79 | 1,102,000 [27] | 708 | 21 | 0.733 | 2,478.79 | |
Thái Bình province | 26 | Thái Bình | 1,586.35 | 1,934,000 [28] | 1,173 | 10.6 | 0.738 | 2,090.86 | |
Vĩnh Phúc province | 19 | Vĩnh Yên | 1,235.87 | 1,296,000 [29] | 932 | 25.6 | 0.764 | 3,990.61 | |
Hanoi | 1 | Hoàn Kiếm district | 3,358.60 | 8,146,000 [30] | 2,398 | 49.2 | 0.794 | 3,923.21 | |
Haiphong | 3 | Hồng Bàng district | 1,561.76 | 2,138,000 [31] | 1,299 | 45.6 | 0.773 | 3,849.18 | |
Hà Tĩnh province | 32 | Hà Tĩnh | 5,990.67 | 1,402,000 [32] | 215 | 19.5 | 0.725 | 2,117.32 | North Central Coast |
Nghệ An province | 31 | Vinh | 16,481.41 | 3,399,000 [33] | 202 | 14.7 | 0.715 | 2,379.59 | |
Quảng Bình province | 33 | Đồng Hới | 8,065.3 | 992,000 [34] | 112 | 21 | 0.716 | 2,203.01 | |
Quảng Trị province | 34 | Đông Hà | 4,621.72 | 687,000 [35] | 137 | 30.9 | 0.696 | 2,672.10 | |
Thanh Hóa province | 30 | Thanh Hóa | 11,114.65 | 3,689,000 [36] | 328 | 14.9 | 0.716 | 2,434.69 | |
Thừa Thiên Huế province | 6 | Huế | 4,902.44 | 1,257,000 [37] | 230 | 49.5 | 0.735 | 3,072.58 | |
Đắk Lắk province | 41 | Buôn Ma Thuột | 13,030.50 | 2,016,000 [38] | 143 | 24.7 | 0.708 | 2,555.78 | Central Highlands |
Đăk Nông province | 42 | Gia Nghĩa | 6,509.27 | 670,000 [39] | 96 | 15.2 | 0.710 | 3,000.70 | |
Gia Lai province | 38 | Pleiku | 15,510.99 | 1,586,000 [40] | 98 | 29 | 0.689 | 3,023.20 | |
Kon Tum province | 37 | Kon Tum | 9,674.18 | 589,000 [41] | 56 | 32 | 0.656 | 2,075.42 | |
Lâm Đồng province | 44 | Đà Lạt | 9,783.34 | 1,390,000 [42] | 133 | 39.2 | 0.735 | 3,331.80 | |
Bình Định province | 39 | Quy Nhon | 6,066.21 | 1,679,000 [43] | 245 | 31.9 | 0.742 | 3,089.10 | South Central Coast |
Bình Thuận province | 46 | Phan Thiết | 7,943.93 | 1,498,000 [44] | 155 | 38.1 | 0.732 | 3,090.17 | |
Khánh Hòa province | 43 | Nha Trang | 5,137.79 | 1,371,000 [45] | 240 | 42.2 | 0.752 | 4,180.68 | |
Ninh Thuận province | 45 | Phan Rang–Tháp Chàm | 3,355.34 | 720,000 [46] | 176 | 35.8 | 0.695 | 2,402.34 | |
Phú Yên province | 40 | Tuy Hòa | 5,023.42 | 1,056,000 [47] | 174 | 28.7 | 0.728 | 2,541.80 | |
Quảng Nam province | 35 | Tam Kỳ | 10,574.86 | 1,697,000 [48] | 141 | 25.4 | 0.745 | 3,192.34 | |
Quảng Ngãi province | 36 | Quảng Ngãi | 5,155.78 | 1,355,000 [49] | 239 | 16.3 | 0.718 | 3,516.44 | |
Da Nang | 4 | Hải Châu district | 1,284.88 | 1,294,000 [50] | 883 | 87.2 | 0.803 | 4,811.58 | |
Bà Rịa–Vũng Tàu province | 51 | Bà Rịa | 1,980.98 | 1,303,000 [51] | 580 | 58.4 | 0.901 | 36,786.39 | Southeast |
Bình Dương province | 49 | Thủ Dầu Một | 2,694.64 | 2,564,000 [52] | 901 | 80 | 0.751 | 3,663.54 | |
Bình Phước province | 47 | Đồng Xoài | 6,876.76 | 1,313,000 [53] | 145 | 23.7 | 0.734 | 3,606.56 | |
Đồng Nai province | 50 | Biên Hòa | 5,863.60 | 3,227,000 [54] | 528 | 32.9 | 0.763 | 3,485.16 | |
Tây Ninh province | 48 | Tây Ninh | 4,041.25 | 1,207,000 [55] | 289 | 17.7 | 0.744 | 4,058.65 | |
Ho Chi Minh City | 2 | District 1 | 2,061.41 | 9,125,000 [56] | 4,363 | 79.2 | 0.820 | 7,147.09 | |
An Giang province | 56 | Long Xuyên | 3,536.68 | 2,057,000 [57] | 540 | 31.6 | 0.730 | 3,791.46 | Mekong Delta |
Bạc Liêu province | 62 | Bạc Liêu | 2,669.01 | 1,105,000 [58] | 340 | 27.7 | 0.742 | 3,701.98 | |
Bến Tre province | 55 | Bến Tre | 2,394.81 | 1,331,000 [59] | 538 | 9.8 | 0.750 | 2,978.48 | |
Cà Mau province | 63 | Cà Mau | 5,221.19 | 1,369,000 [60] | 229 | 22.7 | 0.743 | 3,121.66 | |
Đồng Tháp province | 53 | Cao Lãnh | 3,383.85 | 1,838,000 [61] | 473 | 19.1 | 0.718 | 2,240.56 | |
Hậu Giang province | 59 | Vị Thanh | 1,621.70 | 853,000 [62] | 452 | 25.4 | 0.743 | 2,943.84 | |
Kiên Giang province | 58 | Rạch Giá | 6,348.78 | 1,789,000 [63] | 271 | 28.3 | 0.750 | 4,336.43 | |
Long An province | 52 | Tân An | 4,494.94 | 1,730,000 [64] | 376 | 16.1 | 0.764 | 4,012.39 | |
Sóc Trăng province | 61 | Sóc Trăng | 3,311.88 | 1,256,000 [65] | 362 | 32.4 | 0.715 | 2,835.46 | |
Tiền Giang province | 54 | Mỹ Tho | 2,510.61 | 1,898,000 [66] | 703 | 14 | 0.770 | 3,781.77 | |
Trà Vinh province | 60 | Trà Vinh | 2,358.26 | 1,067,000 [67] | 428 | 17.2 | 0.717 | 2,662.89 | |
Vĩnh Long province | 57 | Vĩnh Long | 1,525.73 | 1,100,000 [68] | 670 | 16.6 | 0.757 | 3,360.01 | |
Cần Thơ | 5 | Ninh Kiều district | 1,438.96 | 1,456,000 [69] | 858 | 69.7 | 0.788 | 6,260.52 |
The Vietnamese government often groups the various provinces into eight regions, which are often grouped into three macro-regions: Northern, Central and Southern. These regions are not always used, and alternative classifications are possible. The regions include:
Macro-region | Region | provinces included |
Area (km2) |
Population (April 1, 2023)[70] |
Population density (people /km2) |
Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Northern Vietnam (Bắc Bộ, Bắc Kỳ, Bắc Phần, Miền Bắc) |
Northwest (Tây Bắc Bộ) |
44,301.1 | 5,415,000 | 100.37 | Contains inland provinces in the west of Vietnam's northern region. Two of them are along Vietnam's border with Laos, and three border China (Dien Bien borders both China and Laos). | |
Northeast (Đông Bắc Bộ) |
50,684.1 | 9,850,000 | 169.05 | Contains most of the mountainous provinces that lie to north of the highly populated Red River lowlands. Four of them are along Vietnam's border with China. | ||
Red River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng) |
14,957.7 | 22,203,000 | 1,318.00 | Contains the small but populous provinces along the mouth of the Red River. The Red River Delta has the smallest area but highest population and population density of all regions. It is also the only region without any land borders with neighbouring countries. | ||
Central Vietnam (Trung Bộ, Trung Kỳ, Trung Phần, Miền Trung) |
North Central (Bắc Trung Bộ) |
51,455.6 | 11,426,000 | 203.53 | Contains the coastal provinces in the northern half of Vietnam's narrow central part. They all stretch from the coast in the east to Laos in the west. | |
South Central Coast (Duyên hải Nam Trung Bộ) |
44,376.8 | 10,670,000 | 206.98 | Contains the coastal provinces in the southern half of Vietnam's central part. One province borders Laos. | ||
Central Highlands (Tây Nguyên) |
54,641.0 | 6,251,000 | 102.63 | Contains the mountainous provinces to the west of south-central Vietnam. There are a significant number of ethnic minorities in the region. One province is along Vietnam's border with Laos, and four border Cambodia (Kon Tum borders both Laos and Cambodia). | ||
Southern Vietnam (Nam Bộ, Nam Kỳ, Nam Phần, Miền Nam) |
Southeast (Đông Nam Bộ, Miền Đông) |
23,590.7 | 18,739,000 | 683.65 | Contains those parts of lowland southern Vietnam which are north of the Mekong delta. Two provinces border Cambodia. | |
Mekong River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sông Cửu Long) or Southwest (Tây Nam Bộ, Miền Tây) |
40,576.0 | 18,849,000 | 434.00 | Vietnam's southernmost region, mostly containing small but populous provinces in the delta of the Mekong. It is sometimes referred to as the Southwest region (Tây Nam Bộ). Four provinces border Cambodia. |
^† Municipality (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương)
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