Panaeolus foenisecii
Species of fungus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Panaeolus foenisecii, commonly called the mower's mushroom, haymaker, haymaker's panaeolus,[2] or brown hay mushroom, is a very common and widely distributed little brown mushroom often found on lawns. It is not edible.
| Panaeolus foenisecii | |
|---|---|
| |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Bolbitiaceae |
| Genus: | Panaeolus |
| Species: | P. foenisecii |
| Binomial name | |
| Panaeolus foenisecii | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Agaricus foenisecii Pers. (1800) | |
| Panaeolus foenisecii | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is convex |
 | Hymenium is adnexed |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Spore print is blackish-brown |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is inedible |
Description
Summarize
Perspective
- Cap: 1 to 3 cm across, conic to convex, chestnut brown to tan, hygrophanous, often with a dark band around the margin which fades as the mushroom dries.[3]
- Gills: Broad, adnate, brown with lighter edges, becoming mottled as the spores mature.[3]
- Stipe: 3 to 8 cm by 1 to 3 mm, fragile, hollow, beige to light brown,[3] fibrous,[4] pruinose, and slightly striate.
- Taste: A slightly unpleasant nutty fungal taste.
- Odor: Nutty, slightly unpleasant.
- Spore print: Dark walnut brown.
- Microscopic features: Spores measure 12–17 x 7–11 μm, subfusoid to lemon shaped, rough, dextrinoid, with an apical germ pore. Cheilocystidia subfusoid to cylindric or subcapitate, often wavy, up to 50 μm long. Pleurocystidia absent, but some authors report inconspicuous "pseudocystidia". The pileipellis a cellular cuticle with subglobose elements and has pileocystidia.[5]
Similar species
Similar species include Agaricus campestris, Conocybe apala, Marasmius oreades, Psathyrella candolleana, and Psathyrella gracilis.[3]
It is sometimes mistaken for the psychedelic Panaeolus cinctulus or Panaeolus olivaceus, both of which share the same habitat and can be differentiated by their jet black spores. This is probably why Panaeolus foenisecii is occasionally listed as a psychoactive species in older literature.[original research?]
Habitat and distribution
It can be found throughout North America.[6] In the Pacific Northwest of the United States, the species may be the most common to appear in lawns.[4] It is also found on lawns along the East Coast.
Biochemistry
In 1963 Tyler and Smith found that this mushroom contains serotonin, 5-HTP and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.[7] In many field guides it is listed as psychoactive, but the mushroom does not produce any hallucinogenic effects.[8]
Gallery
Wild P. foenisecii showing banded cap
Stipe and gills
Spores magnified
P. foenisecii spores
See also
References
External links
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