Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union

The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) currently comprises 5 member states, which are party to the founding treaties of the EEU and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership. The constituent states of the EEU are placed under binding laws and have equal representation within the EEU's executive and judicial bodies. They do however retain considerable autonomy, and must be unanimous for the EEU to adopt policies or new member states. Consensus is a founding principle of the EEU.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}

Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union
Category	Sovereign states
Location	Eurasian Economic Union
Created	2015
Number	5 (as of 2019)
Possible types	Republics (5)
Populations	182,519,270
Areas	20,260,431 km2 (7,822,596 sq mi)
Government	Presidential republic (2) Semi-presidential republic (2) Unitary parliamentary republic (1)

In 2000 six states created the EEU's predecessor, the Eurasian Economic Community. In 2010 three core states (Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan) pursued integration and founded the Eurasian Customs Union and the Single Economic Space. The three states are the founding members of the Eurasian Economic Union. The remaining states have acceded in subsequent enlargements. On 9 October 2014 Armenia signed the treaty and became the newest member state of the EEU on accession on 2 January 2015.^[6] Kyrgyzstan signed an accession treaty on 23 December 2014, which came into force on 6 August 2015.^[7][8]

Iran joined into a free trade agreement with the EEU in October 2018, following months of negotiations with Russia. The deal included 862 commodity items.^[9]

In order to accede, a state must fulfill the economic and political requirements. Enlargement of the Union is also subject to the consent of all existing members and the candidate's adoption of the existing body of EEU law and implementing previous decisions made by the Eurasian Commission, which become part of the EEU's regulatory framework.^{[citation needed]}

List

  Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union

  Observer states

  Candidate states

Members

•  Armenia (2 Jan 2015)^[10]
•  Belarus (1 Jan 2015)^[11]
•  Kazakhstan (1 Jan 2015)^[11]
•  Kyrgyzstan (12 Aug 2015)^[12]
•  Russia (1 Jan 2015)^[11]

Observer members

•  Cuba On 11 December 2020, Cuba became an observer member. Cuba becomes the first country outside Eurasia and the first country from the Americas to be granted observer status.^[13]
•  Moldova On April 14, 2017, Moldova became the first observer member.^[14]
•  Uzbekistan On 11 December 2020, Uzbekistan became an observer member.^[13]

Potential candidates for membership

Main article: Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union

•  Mongolia^[15]
•  Syria^[16][17]
•  Tajikistan^[18]
•  Uzbekistan^[19][20]

Free Trade Zone agreements

•  China^[21]
•  Egypt^[22]
•  Iran^[9][23]
•  Moldova
•  Serbia^[24]
•  Singapore^[25]
•  Tajikistan^[22]
•  Uzbekistan^[26]
•  Vietnam^[27]

Free Trade Zone agreements currently under negotiation

•  Argentina
•  Cambodia
•  Chile
•  India
•  Indonesia^[22]
•  Israel (tentative EEU accession framework initialed in 2019, both accession and FTA on hiatus as of 2022)
•  Mongolia
•  Syria^[28]
•  Thailand
•  Tunisia
•  UAE^[22]

Statistics

Population

At the moment, there are 183,438,872 people residing in the EAEU countries.

• = increase.
• = steady.
• = decrease.

Country	Population		World position
	June 1, 2017	July 14, 2019
Armenia	2,981,500	2,962,100	135 ()
Belarus	9,498,600	9,465,300	93 ()
Kazakhstan	18,014,200	18,512,464	62 (3)
Kyrgyzstan	6,140,200	6,389,500	110 ()
Russia	146,804,372	146,793,744	9 ()
Summary	183,438,872	184,123,108	8 ()

HDI

Country	HDI by year
	2015		2017		2018
Russia	0,804 (0,001)	49	0,816 (0,012)	49	0,824 (0,008)	49
Belarus	0,796 (0,002)	52	0,808 (0,012)	53	0,817 (0,009)	50
Kazakhstan	0,794 (0,001)	56	0,800 (0,006)	58	0,817 (0,017)	50
Armenia	0,743 (0,002)	84	0,755 (0,012)	83	0,760 (0,005)	81
Kyrgyzstan	0,662 (0,002)	120	0,672 (0,010)	122	0,674 (0,002)	122
Medium	0,760 (0,001)		0,770 (0,010)		0,778 (0,008)

Representation

Each state has representation in the institutions of the Eurasian Economic Union. Full membership gives the government of a member state one seat in the Supreme Council of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council. All major decisions are taken by consensus, although decisions taken by the Eurasian Commission require a qualified majority vote. Votes in the commission are weighted so that every country has 3 votes. The Presidency of the Supreme Council of the Eurasian Economic Union rotates between each of the member states, allowing each state one year to help direct the agenda of the EEU.^[3][4]

The national governments appoint 3 members each to the Eurasian Commission (in accord with all the heads of state of the EEU), 2 members each to the Eurasian Court (in accord with other members) and the Eurasian Development Bank. Representation is therefore designed to prevent larger states from carrying more weight in negotiations.^[3][4]

Ratification status of treaties

Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union

Signatory	Date	Institution			AB	Deposited	Reference
Belarus	9 Oct 2014	Council of the Republic	64	0	0	1 Jan 2015	[29]
	9 Oct 2014	House of Representatives	Approved				[30]
	9 Oct 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[31]
Kazakhstan	9 Oct 2014	Senate	Approved				[32]
	1 Oct 2014	Majilis	101	0	3		[33]
	14 Oct 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[34]
Russia	1 Oct 2014	Federation Council	140	0	0		[35]
	26 Sep 2014	State Duma	441	0	1		[36]
	3 Oct 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[37]

Treaty on the accession of the Republic of Armenia to the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union

Signatory	Date	Institution			AB	Deposited	Reference
Armenia	4 Dec 2014	National Assembly	103	7	1	2 Jan 2015	[38]
	30 Dec 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[39]
Belarus	19 Dec 2014	Council of the Republic	Approved				[40]
	19 Dec 2014	House of Representatives	Approved				[41]
	29 Dec 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[42]
Kazakhstan	19 Dec 2014	Senate	Approved				[43]
	18 Dec 2014	Majilis	Approved				[44]
	24 Dec 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[45]
Russia	17 Dec 2014	Federation Council	149	0	0		[46]
	10 Dec 2014	State Duma	441	1	0		[47]
	22 Dec 2014	Presidential Assent	Granted				[48]

Treaty on the accession of the Kyrgyz Republic to the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union

Signatory	Date	Institution			AB	Deposited	Reference
Armenia	16 Jun 2015	National Assembly	91	4	0	12 Aug 2015	[49]
	18 Jun 2015	Presidential Assent	Granted
Belarus	26 Jun 2015	Council of the Republic	Approved				[50]
	30 Jun 2015	House of Representatives	Approved				[51]
	24 Jul 2015	Presidential Assent	Granted				[52]
Kazakhstan	1 Jul 2015	Majilis	Approved				[53]
	9 Jul 2015	Senate	Approved				[54]
	5 Aug 2015	Presidential Assent	Granted				[55]
Kyrgyzstan	20 May 2015	Supreme Council	96	2	0		[56]
	21 May 2015	Presidential Assent	Granted				[57]
Russia	01 Jul 2015	State Duma	437	0	2		[58]
	08 Jul 2015	Federation Council	Approved				[59]
	13 Jul 2015	Presidential Assent	Granted				[60]

See also

• Geography portal
• Asia portal
• Europe portal
• Politics portal

• Commonwealth of Independent States
• Eurasian Economic Union
• Eurasianism
• Post-Soviet states
• Shanghai Cooperation Organization

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