The following events occurred in March 1935:
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- Prajadhipok formally abdicated the throne of Siam and was succeeded by his nephew Ananda Mahidol.[2]
- 17 Austrian Nazis were condemned to death for smuggling explosives into the country.[3]
- The Soviet Union announced that all private trade had finally been eliminated with only minor exceptions such as market vending.[7]
- The first edition of the SS newspaper Das Schwarze Korps appeared.[8]
- A new sculpture by Jacob Epstein titled Ecce Homo went on display at the Leicester Galleries, depicting an eleven-foot tall Christ with a square face and a broad, flat nose reminiscent of Polynesian art. The Catholic Times blasted the sculpture as "a distorted reminiscence of a man, the debased, sensuous flat features of an Asiatic monstrosity", while Conservative politician Cooper Rawson stood in the House of Commons and asked the government to remove or confiscate the statue for offending public decency. Of the controversy, Epstein himself only said: "I've made the statue and I've nothing to say about it – except what I've already said in the statue."[9]
- Born: Ron Delany, runner, in Arklow, Ireland
- Died: Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., 93, American jurist; Roque Ruaño, 57, Spanish priest-civil engineer
- Nazi Germany indirectly banned Jews from working in manual trades when a guild organization was established requiring everyone to pass a master's examination and be entered into a roll before they could pursue a manual trade.[16]
- The National Student League at Harvard University demanded the removal of a wreath in Appleton Chapel commemorating German war dead. The wreath, placed there the previous day by German Consul General Kurt von Tippelskirch, bore a swastika emblem.[22]
- Haile Selassie said that Ethiopia would never apologize to Italy for wrongs not committed. "We will not be coerced or intimidated by the military preparations recently announced into according the satisfaction which Italy demands", he said.[23]
- Born: Ole Barndorff-Nielsen, statistician, in Copenhagen, Denmark (d. 2022)
- The Harlem race riot occurred.
- British troops in India fired on a huge crowd of Muslims and Hindus rioting against each other, killing 27.[11]
- The League of Nations urged Italy and Ethiopia to do everything possible to avoid war.[24]
- Nazi Germany exempted Jews from conscription.[25]
- Berlin was darkened from 10 p.m. until midnight to conduct a mock bombing drill in the skies overhead. Householders who left lights on during the drill were liable to be fined or arrested.[26]
- France sent a message to the League of Nations calling for an extraordinary session to discuss German rearmament under Article XI of the League Covenant, which provided for a member nation to call to the League's attention any circumstance threatening international peace.[27]
- Johan Nygaardsvold became Prime Minister of Norway.
- France and Italy delivered formal notes of protest to Germany against its decision to rearm. German Foreign Minister Konstantin von Neurath informed them that his government disregarded their notes because they did "not take the current situation into account."[28]
- Persia officially changed its name to Iran.[1]
- U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt formally approved the new constitution of the Philippines.[1]
- The Soviet Union formally ceded the Chinese Eastern Railway to Manchukuo in exchange for 23.3 million yen. China insisted it still had part ownership of the railway and called the sale illegal.[29]
- Joseph Goebbels issued a circular letter announcing that advertising would be banned from German radio starting October 1, because of "incompatibility with the political and cultural tasks of broadcasting."[30]
- Died: Florence Moore, 48, American stage performer and silent film actress
- In Kaunas, Lithuania, four Nazis from Memel were sentenced to execution by firing squad for plotting an uprising to restore Memel to Germany. 77 others were sentenced to prison.[34]
- Died: Eugene Zimmerman, 72, Swiss-born American cartoonist
- In Berlin, thousands of Nazis marched on the Lithuanian legation in protest of the death sentence handed down to four Nazis the previous day. The mob had to be held back by a police cordon.[35]
- Born: Abelardo Castillo, writer, in San Pedro, Buenos Aires Province (d. 2017); John Henry Dowse, rugby union player, in Mackay, Queensland, Australia; Julian Glover, actor, in Hampstead, London, England
- The Leni Riefenstahl-directed propaganda film Triumph of the Will premiered at the Berlin Ufa-Palast.[36]
- German War Minister Werner von Blomberg ordered the size of flags to be reduced wherever possible due to the shortage of wool.[37]
- Born:
- Jeanie Descombes, baseball player, in Springfield, Ohio
- Józef Szmidt, athlete, in Miechowitz, Beuthen, Germany (d. 2024)
- Michael Parkinson, journalist and television presenter (Parkinson), in Cudworth, Yorkshire, England (d. 2023)
- German police said that they had arrested an unspecified number of nuns and monks in Catholic convents because they had violated laws prohibiting the exportation of foreign currency and other laws requiring German citizens to report any foreign exchange. 2.5 million marks were reported to have been involved.[38]
- Anthony Eden moved on to Moscow to hold more peace talks with Soviet Foreign Minister Maxim Litvinov.[11]
- Reynoldstown won the Grand National horse race.
- The Belgian Chamber of Deputies voted to suspend the gold standard and devalue the country's currency by 25 percent.[39]
- Ethiopia broke off direct talks with Italy over their border disputes and sent a new note to the League of Nations.[40]
"1935". MusicAndHistory. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved July 24, 2015. Steele, John (March 5, 1935). "Britain Raises Army Budget to Preserve Peace". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 2. Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 450. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3. Taylor, Edmond (March 16, 1935). "French Chamber Doubles Term of Army Service". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 6. Bunyan, Patrick (2011). All Around the Town: Amazing Manhattan Facts and Curiosities, Second Edition. Fordham University Press. p. 197. ISBN 978-0-8232-3174-4. Day, Donald (March 27, 1935). "Sentence 4 Memel Nazis to Death; 77 Sent to Prison". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 8.