List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes

This list of "sequenced" eukaryotic genomes contains all the eukaryotes known to have publicly available complete nuclear and organelle genome sequences that have been sequenced, assembled, annotated and published; draft genomes are not included, nor are organelle-only sequences.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae was the first eukaryotic organism to have its complete genome sequence determined.

DNA was first sequenced in 1977. The first free-living organism to have its genome completely sequenced was the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae, in 1995. In 1996 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) was the first eukaryote genome sequence to be released and in 1998 the first genome sequence for a multicellular eukaryote, Caenorhabditis elegans, was released.

Protists

Following are the nine earliest sequenced genomes of protists. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced protist genomes.

Organism	Type	Relevance	Genome size	Number of genes predicted	Organization	Year of completion
Guillardia theta	Cryptomonad	Model organism	0.551 Mb (nucleomorph genome only)	465,[1] 513, 598 (UniProt)	Canadian Institute of Advanced Research, Philipps-University Marburg and the University of British Columbia	2001[1]
Plasmodium falciparum Clone:3D7	Apicomplexan	Human pathogen (malaria)	22.9 Mb	5,268[2]	Malaria Genome Project Consortium	2002[2]
Plasmodium yoelii yoelii Strain:17XNL	Apicomplexan	Rodent pathogen (malaria)	23.1 Mb	5,878[3]	TIGR and NMRC	2002[3]
Cryptosporidium hominis Strain:TU502	Apicomplexan	Human pathogen	10.4 Mb	3,994[4]	Virginia Commonwealth University	2004[4]
Cryptosporidium parvum C- or genotype 2 isolate	Apicomplexan	Human pathogen	16.5 Mb	3,807[5]	UCSF and University of Minnesota	2004[5]
Thalassiosira pseudonana Strain:CCMP 1335	Diatom	Model organism	34.5 Mb	11,242[6]	Joint Genome Institute and the University of Washington	2004[6]
Trypanosoma cruzi Strain:CL-Brener	Kinetoplastid	Human Pathogen	67 Mb	22,570[7]	The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR) and Karolinska Institutet (KI) and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI)	2005[7]
Trypanosoma brucei Clone:TREU 927/4	Kinetoplastid	Human Pathogen	26 Mb	9,068[8]	Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and The Institute for Genome Research (TIGR)	2005[8]
Leishmania major Strain: Friedlin	Kinetoplastid	Human Pathogen	32.8 Mb	8,272[9]	Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and Seattle Biomedical Research Institute (SBRI)	2005[9]

Plants

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of plants. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced plant genomes.

Organism	Type	Relevance	Genome size	Number of chromosomes	Number of genes predicted	Organization	Year of completion
Arabidopsis thaliana Ecotype:Columbia	Wild mustard Thale Cress	Model plant	135 Mb[10]	5	25,498,[11] 27,400,[12] 31,670 (UniProt)	Arabidopsis Genome Initiative[13]	2000[11]
Cyanidioschyzon merolae Strain:10D	Red algae	Simple eukaryote	16.5 Mb	20	5,331[14]	University of Tokyo, Rikkyo University, Saitama University and Kumamoto University	2004[14]
Oryza sativa ssp indica	Rice	Crop and model organism	420 Mb	12	32-50,000[15]	Beijing Genomics Institute, Zhejiang University and the Chinese Academy of Sciences	2002[15]
Ostreococcus tauri	Green algae	Simple eukaryote, small genome	12.6 Mb		7,969 (UniProt)	Laboratoire Arago	2006[16]
Populus trichocarpa	Balsam poplar or Black Cottonwood	Carbon sequestration, model tree, commercial use (timber), and comparison to A. thaliana	550 Mb	19	45,555[17]	The International Poplar Genome Consortium	2006[17]

Fungi

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of fungi. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced fungi genomes.

Organism	Type	Relevance	Genome size	Number of genes predicted	Organization	Year of completion
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strain:S288C	Saccharomycetes	Baker's Yeast; Model eukaryote	12.1 Mb	6,294[18]	International Collaboration for the Yeast Genome Sequencing[19]	1996[18]
Encephalitozoon cuniculi	Microsporidium	Human pathogen	2.9 Mb	1,997[20]	Genoscope and Université Blaise Pascal	2001[20]
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Strain:972h-	Schizosaccharomycetes	Model eukaryote	14 Mb	4,824[21]	Sanger Institute and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory	2002[21]
Neurospora crassa	Sordariomycetes	Model eukaryote	40 Mb	10,082[22]	Broad Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, University of Kentucky, and the University of Kansas	2003[22]
Phanerochaete chrysosporium Strain:RP78	Agaricomycetes	Wood rotting fungus, use in mycoremediation	30 Mb	11,777[23]	Joint Genome Institute	2004[23]

Animals

Following are the five earliest sequenced genomes of animals. For a more complete list, see the List of sequenced animal genomes.

Organism	Type	Relevance	Genome size	Number of genes predicted	Organization	Year of completion
Caenorhabditis elegans Strain:Bristol N2	Nematode	Model animal	100 Mb	19,000[24]	Washington University and the Sanger Institute	1998[24]
Drosophila melanogaster	Fruit fly	Model animal	165 Mb	13,600[25]	Celera, UC Berkeley, Baylor College of Medicine, European DGP	2000[25]
Anopheles gambiae Strain: PEST	Mosquito	Vector of malaria	278 Mb	13,683[26]	Celera Genomics and Genoscope	2002[26]
Takifugu rubripes	Puffer fish	Vertebrate with small genome	390 Mb	22–29,000[27]	International Fugu Genome Consortium[28]	2002[29]
Homo sapiens	Human		3.2 Gb[30]	18,826 (CCDS consortium)	Human Genome Project Consortium and Celera Genomics	Draft 2001[31][32] Complete 2006[33]

See also

• Genome project, Human genome
• Genomic organization
• History of genetics
• List of sequenced animal genomes
• List of sequenced archaeal genomes
• List of sequenced bacterial genomes
• List of sequenced fungi genomes
• List of sequenced plant genomes
• List of sequenced plastomes
• List of sequenced protist genomes

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External links

• Diark - a resource for eukaryotic genome research
• EMBL-EBL Eukaryotic Genomes
• UCSC Genome Browser
• International Sequencing Consortium - Large-scale Sequencing Project Database
• Ensembl The Ensembl Genome Browser (includes draft and low coverage genomes)
• GOLD:Genomes OnLine Database v 3.0
• SUPERFAMILY comparative genomics database Includes genomes of all completely sequenced eukaryotes, and sophisticated datamining plus visualisation tools for analysis
• Rat Genome Database