List of first female pharmacists by country

This is a list of the first qualified female pharmacists to practice in each country, where that is known.

Please note: the list should foremost contain the first female pharmacist with a formal qualification from each country. Historically, it was normal for widows of apothecaries and pharmacist to inherit their late husband's profession without being formally qualified. These cases – and other of note – can be noted in the margin, but should not be listed first.

Africa

Country	Pharmacist	Year
Benin	C. Oviasu (née Ukponmwan)[1]
Cameroon	Jeanne Ngo Maï[2]	1962
Cape Verde	Judite (Judith) Lima[3]	c. 1961
Ghana	Sackey Nee Vanderpuye[4]
Ivory Coast	Hortense Aka-Anghui[5]
Liberia	Clavenda Parker[6]
Libya	Wedad Muhammad Al-Senussi Al-Saqzli[7]	1961
Mali	Rokia Sanogo[8]	1989
Morocco	Fatima Al-Zahra Al-Warzazi[9]	1912
Namibia	Lahya Hafeni, Anastancia Aluvilu, Fundisile Msibi, Tumo Pelekekae[10]	2015
Nigeria	Oreoluwa Green*[11]	1916
South Africa	Lily Heymann[12]	1916
Togo	Abra Amédome[13]
Tunisia	Lucia Campisi[14] (born in Italy)
Uganda	Catherine Kisumba[15]	1960
Zimbabwe	Nora Price[16][17] (born in Wales; country then known as Rhodesia)

• Namibia: There might be more female graduates, as the names listed were the only women named in the cited article.
• Nigeria: Green is considered to have been the first female pharmacist in West Africa. Ekanem Bassey Ikpeme was considered the first native female pharmacist in Nigeria.^[18]
• Tunisia: Dorra Bouzid is considered the first female pharmacist in Tunisia after independence. She started her practice sometime during the 1960s.^[19]

Americas

Country	Pharmacist	Year
Argentina	Élida Passo[20]	1885
Bahamas	Gertrude Burnside[21]
Bolivia	Rosa Mercedes Guerra[22]	1921
Brazil	Maria Luiza Torrezão[23]	1887
Canada	A. Adrienne Preevoot[24]	1901
Chile	Griselda Hinojosa[25]	1889
Costa Rica	Felícitas Chaverri Matamoros[26]	1917
Cuba	María Dolores Marty and Eloisa Figueroa Marty[27]	1886
Curaçao	Dymphna van heb Elizabeths-Gasthu[28]	1911
Dominican Republic	Encarnación Piñeyro[29][30]
El Salvador	Mercedes Amanda Martínez and Margarita Lanza[31]	1930
Guatemala	Olimpia Altuve[32]	1919
Guyana	Raymonde Horth[33]	1905
Honduras	Corina Barahona[34]	1931
Mexico	Esther Luque Muñoz[35]	c. 1906
Nicaragua	Elba Ochomogo Portocarrero de Hernandez[36]	1922
Peru	Nicolasa Butler[37]	1839
Suriname	Esseline Juliette Polanen[38]	1936
Trinidad and Tobago	Amy Cox Rochford[39]	c. 1927
United States	Susan Hayhurst[40][41]	1883
Venezuela	María Fernández Bawden[42]	1927

• Canada: Preevoot was considered the first Canadian woman to pass the pharmacy exam by law.
• Chile: Glafira Vargas was the first female to graduate with a pharmacy degree in 1887, though Hinojosa appears to be the first female to work as a pharmacist upon graduation.^[43][44]
• Curaçao: van heb Elizabeths-Gasthu was said to have been the first woman to have passed the exam for an assistant pharmacist in the colony.
• Guatemala: Altuve is considered the first Central American woman to have obtained a university degree.
• United States: Elizabeth Gooking Greenleaf was the first not formally qualified pharmacist to practice in 1727.^[45] Hayhust was the first woman to receive a pharmacy degree in the United States in 1883. Ella P. Stewart was one of the first African-American female pharmacists in the United States.^[46][47]

Asia

Country	Pharmacist	Year
Azerbaijan	Mahbuba Valiyeva[48]	1971
Bahrain	Layla Ahmed Abdulrahman[49]
India	Sneh Rani Jain[50]
Indonesia	Charlotte Jacobs[51]	1879
Iraq	Josephine Bourjouni and Rahima Youssef[52]	1940
Iran	Aqdas Gharbi and Akhtar Ferdows[53]	1941
Israel	Sarah Mel[54]
Japan	Naoe Okamoto[55]	1885
Jordan	Nabila Shoura Irsheidat[56]	c. 1950s
Korea	Cha Soon-seok[57]	1924
Lebanon	Zahie Barakat[58]	1928
Nepal	Bijay Laxmi Shrestha[59]
Oman	Batool Jaffer[60]	1977
Pakistan	Nasima Jamil[61][62][63]	c. 1967
Philippines	Filomena Francisco and Matilde S. Arquiza[64]	1908
Qatar	Zakia Malallah[65]
Saudi Arabia	Samira bint Ibrahim Islam[66]	1982
Singapore	Lucy Wan[67][68]	1958
Syria	Najah Saati[69]	1949
Taiwan	Lin Caisan[70]	1951
Thailand	Prasit Prakobnil[71]
United Arab Emirates	Suhaila Al-Awadi[69]
Vietnam	Pham Thi Hao[72][73]

• Indonesia: Jacobs is considered the first female pharmacist in the Netherlands and Indonesia (then Dutch East Indies).

Europe

Country	Pharmacist	Year
Albania	Emili Dishnica Gliozheni[74] (then known as Socialist Albania)	1961
Austria	Gisela Kun[75]	c. 1906
Belarus	H-B. Geronimus (Taubina)[76]
Belgium	Jeanne Rademackers[77][78]	1885
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Sarajka Ljubica Jokanovic[79]	1914
Bulgaria	Anna Belizarova Yakova[80]	1911
Croatia	Vjera Rojc Katušić[81]	1913
Czech Republic	Ruzena Krontilová-Librova[82] (then known as Czechoslovakia)	1904
Denmark	Charlotte Schou and Nielsine Schousen[83]	1896
Estonia	Alma Tomingas[84]	1933
Finland	Hilda Amanda Brunberg[85]	1874
France	Hélina Leiannier-Gaboriau[86]	1898
Germany	Magdalena Neff[87]	1906
Greece	Polymnia Panagiotidou[88]	1899
Hungary	Erzsébet Légrády[89] and Thinagel Szerafin[82]	1903
Iceland	Jóhanna Magnúsdóttir[90]	1928
Ireland	Christina Jesop Wilson[91]	1900
Italy	Dorina Crespi Andini[92]	1895
Latvia	Staņislava Dovgjallo[93]
Lithuania	Juzefa Girdzijevska[94]	1870
Malta	Caterina Vitale[95]	1590
Netherlands	Aaltje Visser[96]	1868
North Macedonia	Rajna Aleksova[97]	1906
Norway	Helga Eide[82]	1893
Poland	Antonina Leśniewska[98][99]	1884
Portugal	Maria Serpa dos Santos[100]	1947
Romania	Paulina Cruceanu[101] and Clara Colesin[82]	1892
Russia	Antonina Boleslavovna Lesnevskaya and Zinaida I. Akker[102]	1897
Serbia	Desanka Ruvidić Okoličanin[103]	1913
Slovakia	Ruzena Krontilová-Librova[82] (then known as Czechoslovakia)	1904
Slovenia	Emilija Fon[104]	1915
Spain	Dolores Rodriguez[82]	1893
Sweden	Märtha Leth[105]	1897
Switzerland	Clara Winnicki[106]	1905
Turkey	Fatma Belkis Derman[107]	1930
Ukraine	Anna Mikhailovna Makarova[108]	1892
United Kingdom	Frances Elizabeth Deacon[109]	1870

• Belgium: Certain sources cite Louise Popelin (sister of Belgium's first female lawyer Marie Popelin) or Ida Huys as Belgium's first female pharmacist. They both completed their exams in 1887.^[110][82]
• Czech Republic and Slovakia: Other sources cited Elza Fantová as the first Bohemia woman to earn a pharmaceutical degree in 1908.^[111] Krontilová-Librova started her pharmacy practice in 1904 and became the first female pharmacy student at the University of Prague in 1907 (graduating in 1909).
• Finland: The first female pharmacist to qualify without dispensation in Finland was Helene Aejneleus in 1911. Brunberg was the first women to be qualified by dispensation.
• Germany: Anne of Denmark, Electress of Saxony was a non-professional female pharmacist in Germany.^[112] Helena Magenbuch and Maria Andreae were professional pharmacists in the 16th-century.
• Ireland: Wilson was the first female pharmacist to qualify in the south of Ireland.
• Italy: Elisa Gagnatelli and Edvige Moroni were the first women to pass the pharmacy exam in 1897.^[82]
• Netherlands: In the Netherlands and the Dutch East Indies, Charlotte Jacobs became the first female pharmacist with a degree in 1879.^[51]
• Norway: Christine Dahl passed her assistant pharmacy exam in 1889, but Eide was considered the first female pharmacist.^[82]
• Poland: Although Lesniewska was considered the first female pharmacist, Filipina and Konstancja Studzinska (sisters) were the first women to pass the pharmacy examination in 1824.^[82]
• Russia: Olga Evgenevna Gabrilovich was the first female pharmacist to earn a degree in 1906.^[113]
• Sweden: Leth was the first female pharmacist to have fulfilled a formal qualification. Maria Dauerer was the first female pharmacist to have obtained a license.^[114] The first woman to have obtained a degree in pharmacology was Agnes Arvidsson (1903).^[115]
• Ukraine: Makarova, a Kiev University (Ukraine) graduate, was the first woman to pass the examination for the title of pharmaceutical assistant.^[108]

Oceania

Country	Pharmacist	Year
Australia	Caroline Copp[116][117]	1880
Fiji	Lila Thakerar[118]	1979
New Zealand	Elizabeth Robinson[119]	1881

See also

• List of first female physicians by country
• List of first women dentists by country
• Women in medicine
• Women in pharmacy

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