List of countries by steel production

For the company-oriented account, see List of steel producers.

In 2023, total world crude steel production was nearly 1.9 billion tons (Gt). The biggest steel producing country is currently China, which accounted for 54% of world steel production in 2023.^[1] In 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, China became the first country to produce over one billion tons of steel.^[2] In 2008, 2009, 2015 and 2016 output fell in the majority of steel-producing countries as a result of the global recession. In 2010 and 2017, it started to rise again. Crude steel production contracted in all regions in 2019 except in Asia and the Middle East. India is the 2nd leading producer of iron and steel industries.^{[citation needed]}

Steel production

This is a list of countries by steel production in 1967, 1980, 1990, 2000 and from 2007 to 2024, based on data provided by the World Steel Association.^{[3][4][5][6][7][8]} All countries with annual production of crude steel at least 2 million metric tons.

Crude steel production (million metric tons):

Rank (2024)	Country/Region	2024[9]	2023[10]	2022	2021[11]	2020[1]	2019[12][13]	2018[14][15]	2017[1][16]	2016[1][17]	2015[18]	2014[19]	2013[20]	2012	2011	2010	2009	2008	2007	2000	1990	1980	1967
—	World	1,881.4	1,888.2	1,887.6	1,951.9	1,877.5	1,874.4	1,808.4	1,674.8	1,606.3	1,620.4	1,670.1	1,649.3	1,552.9	1,490.1	1,413.6	1,219.7	1,326.5	1,351.3	850.1	770.4	716.4	497.2
1	China	1,005.1	1,019.1	1,018.0	1,032.8	1,064.8	995.4	920.0	831.7	786.9	803.8	822.7	779.0	724.7	683.3	626.7	573.6	500.3	494.9	128.5	66.4	37.1	14.0
2	India	149.6	140.2	125.4	118.2	100.3	111.4	109.3	101.5	95.5	89.6	87.3	81.2	77.3	72.2	68.3	62.8	57.8	53.5	26.9	15.0	9.5	6.3
3	Japan	84.0	87.0	89.2	96.3	83.2	99.3	104.3	104.7	104.8	105.2	110.7	110.6	107.2	107.6	109.6	87.5	118.7	120.2	106.4	110.3	111.4	62.0
4	United States	79.4	80.7	80.5	85.8	72.7	87.8	86.6	81.6	78.5	78.9	88.2	87.0	88.6	86.2	80.6	58.2	91.4	98.1	101.8	89.7	101.4	115.0
5	Russia	70.7	75.8	71.7	75.6	71.6	71.7	72.0	71.3	70.5	71.1	71.5	69.4	70.6	68.7	66.9	60.0	68.5	72.4	59.1	89.6[21]	n/a[21]	n/a[21]
6	South Korea	63.5	66.7	65.8	70.4	67.1	71.4	72.5	71.1	68.6	69.7	71.5	66.0	69.3	68.5	58.5	48.6	53.6	51.5	43.1	23.1	8.5	0.3
7	Germany	37.2	35.4	36.9	40.1	35.7	39.6	42.4	43.6	42.1	42.7	42.9	42.6	42.7	44.3	43.8	32.7	45.8	48.6	46.4	44.0	51.1	41.3
8	Turkey	36.9	33.7	35.1	40.4	35.8	33.7	37.3	37.5	33.2	31.5	34.0	34.7	35.9	34.1	29.0	25.3	26.8	25.8	14.3	9.4	2.5	1.0
9	Brazil	33.7	31.9	34.1	36.2	31.0	32.6	35.4	34.4	30.2	33.3	33.9	34.2	34.7	35.2	32.8	26.5	33.7	33.8	27.9	20.6	15.3	3.6
10	Iran	30.9	31.1	30.6	28.5	29.0	25.6	24.5	21.8	17.9	16.1	16.3	15.4	14.5	13.0	12.0	10.9	10.0	10.1	6.6	1.4	0.5	—
11	Vietnam	22.1	19.0	20.0	23.0	19.5	17.5	15.5	10.3	7.8	5.7	5.9	5.6	5.3	4.9	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.3	0.3	0.1	0.1	—
12	Italy	20.0	21.1	21.6	24.4	20.4	23.2	24.5	24.0	23.3	22.0	23.7	24.1	27.2	28.7	25.8	19.7	30.6	31.6	26.8	25.5	26.5	15.9
13	Taiwan	19.1	18.9	20.8	23.2	21.0	22.0	23.2	23.2	21.8	21.4	23.1	22.3	20.7	20.2	19.8	15.8	19.9	20.9
14	Indonesia	17.0	16.0	15.6	14.3	9.3	7.8	6.2	5.2	4.8	4.9	4.4	2.6	2.3	3.6	3.6	3.5	3.9	4.1	2.9	2.8	0.5	—
15	Mexico	13.7	16.3	18.4	18.5	16.8	18.4	20.2	20.0	19.0	18.3	19.0	18.2	18.1	18.1	17.0	14.2	17.2	17.6	15.6	8.7	7.1	3.0
16	Canada	12.2	12.3	12.1	13.0	11.0	12.9	13.4	13.7	12.7	12.5	12.7	12.4	13.5	13.1	13.0	9.0	14.8	15.6	16.6	12.3	15.9	8.8
17	Spain	11.8	11.3	11.6	14.2	11.0	13.6	14.3	14.5	13.6	14.9	14.3	13.7	13.6	15.6	16.3	14.3	18.6	19.0	15.8	12.9	12.8	4.5
18	France	10.8	10.0	12.1	13.9	11.6	14.4	15.4	15.5	14.6	15.0	16.1	15.7	15.6	15.8	15.4	12.8	17.9	19.3	21.0	19.0	23.1	19.6
19	Egypt	10.7	10.4	9.8	10.3	8.2	7.3	7.8	6.8	5.0	5.5	6.5	6.8	6.6	6.5	6.7	5.5	6.2	6.2	2.8	2.2	1.0	0.4
20	Saudi Arabia	9.6	9.9	9.9	8.7	7.8	8.2	5.2	4.8[22]	5.5	5.7	6.3	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.0	4.7	4.7	4.6	3.0	1.8	0.1	—
21	Malaysia	8.8	7.5	7.2	6.9	7.1	6.8	4.1	2.8	2.8	3.8	4.3	4.7	5.6	5.9	4.1	4.0	6.4	6.9	3.7	1.1	0.2	0.1
22	Ukraine	7.6	6.2	6.3	21.4	20.6	20.8	21.1	22.7	24.2	22.9	27.2	32.8	32.9	35.3	33.6	29.9	37.3	42.8	31.8	54.6[21]	52.3[21]	n/a[21]
23	Austria	7.1	7.1	7.5	7.9	6.8	7.4	6.9	8.1	7.4	7.7	7.9	7.9	7.4	7.5	7.2	5.7	7.6	7.6	5.7	4.3	4.6	3.0
24	Belgium	7.1	5.9	7.0	6.9	6.1	7.8	8.0	7.7	7.7	7.2	7.3	7.1	7.4	8.1	8.1	5.6	10.7	10.7	11.6	11.5	12.3	9.7
25	Poland	7.1	6.4	7.4	8.5	7.9	9.0	10.8	10.3	8.9	9.1	8.6	8.0	8.4	8.8	8.0	7.2	9.7	10.6	10.5	13.6	19.5	10.4
26	Netherlands	6.4	4.7	6.1	6.6	6.1	6.7	6.8	6.8	6.9	7.0	7.0	6.7	6.9	6.9	6.7	5.2	6.8	7.4	5.7	5.4	5.3	3.4
27	Thailand	4.9	5.0	5.3	5.5	4.5	4.2	6.4	4.5	3.8	3.7	4.1	3.6	3.3	4.2	3.7	3.6	5.2	5.6	2.1	0.7	0.5	—
28	Australia	4.8	5.5	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.7	5.3	5.3	4.9	4.6	4.7	4.9	6.4	7.3	5.2	7.6	7.9	7.1	6.6	7.6	6.3
29	South Africa	4.7	4.9	4.4	5.0	3.9	6.2	5.7	6.3	6.1	7.6	6.6	7.2	7.1	6.7	8.5	7.5	8.3	9.1	8.5	8.7	9.1	3.7
30	Algeria	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.2	4.0	2.4	2.3	0.4	4.62	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.9	4.8	2.8	5.2	5.7	5.2	4.5	4.2	4.7
31	Bangladesh	4.5	5.5	5.2	5.5	5.5	5.1	3.8	3.5
32	Kazakhstan	4.2	3.9	4.1	4.4	3.9	4.1	4.0	4.4	4.2	3.6	3.7	3.3	3.9	4.7	4.3	4.1	4.3	4.8	4.7	7.4[21]	n/a[21]	n/a[21]
33	Pakistan	4.1	5.3	6.0	5.3	3.8	3.3	4.7	5.0	3.6	2.9	2.4	1.9	1.6	1.6	1.4	1.2	2.0	1.1	1.0	0.8	—	—
34	Sweden	4.0	4.3	4.4	4.7	4.4	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.62	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.9	4.8	2.8	5.2	5.7	5.2	4.5	4.2	4.7
35	United Kingdom	4.0	5.6	6.0	7.2	7.1	7.2	7.3	7.5	7.6	10.8	12.1	11.9	9.6	9.5	9.7	10.1	13.5	14.3	15.2	17.8	11.3	24.3
36	Slovakia	3.9	4.5	3.9	4.9	3.4	3.9	5.2	5.0	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.5	4.4	4.2	4.6	3.7	4.5	5.1	3.7	5.1[23]	n/a[23]	n/a[23]
37	Argentina	3.9	4.9	5.1	4.9	3.7	4.6	5.2	4.6	4.1	5.0	5.5	5.2	5.0	5.7	5.1	4.0	5.5	5.4	4.5	3.6	2.7	1.3
38	United Arab Emirates	3.7	3.2	3.2	3.0	2.7	3.3	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.0	2.4	2.9	2.4	2.0	0.5	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	—	—	n/a
39	Finland	3.7	3.8	3.5	4.3	3.5	3.5	4.1	4.0	4.1	4.0	3.8	3.5	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.1	4.4	4.4	4.1	2.9	2.5	0.4
40	Oman	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.5	1.6	2.0	1.9	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.3
41	Iraq	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.0	2.2	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.0	1.5	1.6	2.0	1.9	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.3
42	Czech Republic	2.5	3.4	4.3	4.8	4.5	4.4	4.9	4.6	5.3	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.1	5.6	5.2	4.6	6.4	7.1	6.2	9.7[23]	n/a[23]	n/a[23]
43	Belarus	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.2	2.6	2.5	2.2	2.7	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.6	2.4	1.5	1.5[21]	—	—
—	Others[24]			24.8	27.7	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a	28.4	29.5	29.9	29.5 (est.)	23.3 (est.)	28.6 (est.)	30.7 (est.)	n/a	n/a	n/a	n/a

Exports

net: exports - imports

Top steel exporters in 2018^[1]

Rank	Country	Mt
1	China	51.4
2	Russia	31.5
3	Japan	29.8
4	South Korea	27.6
-	European Union[25]	22.6
5	Germany	21.2
6	Turkey	18.5
7	India	17.1
8	Ukraine	15.2
9	Italy	14.9
10	Belgium	12.9
11	Brazil	10.6
12	France	10.2
13	Taiwan	10.0

Top steel net exporters in 2018^[1]

Rank	Country	Mt
1	Russia	26.4
2	Japan	24.8
3	South Korea	16.1
4	Ukraine	13.9
5	China	13.5
6	India	12.1
7	Brazil	8.7
8	Turkey	6.0
9	Egypt	4.4
10	Germany	3.0

Imports

Net: imports − exports

Top steel importers in 2018^[1]

Rank	Country	Mt
1	China	37.9
-	European Union[25]	32.6
2	United States	19.9
3	Germany	18.2
4	Italy	15.5
5	Vietnam	13.6
6	Turkey	12.5
7	France	11.8
8	South Korea	11.5
9	Poland	10.8
10	Belgium	10.4

Top steel net importers in 2018^[1]

Rank	Country	Mt
1	United States	13.6
-	European Union[25]	10.0
2	Saudi Arabia	7.2
3	Philippines	6.6
4	Vietnam	6.6
5	Poland	5.6
6	Indonesia	4.2
7	Israel	3.3
8	Bangladesh	2.5
9	Uzbekistan	2.5
10	United Arab Emirates	2.4

World steel production trend

Development of the worldwide production of steel in millions of tons.

World production in millions of tons^[26][27]

Year Prod. 1880 4.0 1900 28.3 1901 31.0 1902 34.5 1903 36.1 1904 36.3 1905 44.9 1906 51.2 1907 53.0 1908 41.4 1909 54.2 1910 60.3 1911 60.5 1912 72.8 1913 76.4

Year Prod. 1914 60.4 1915 66.6 1916 78.2 1917 82.0 1918 77.2 1919 58.5 1920 72.5 1921 45.2 1922 68.8 1923 78.3 1924 78.5 1925 90.4 1926 93.4 1927 101.8 1928 110.0

Year Prod. 1929 120.8 1930 95.1 1931 69.6 1932 50.7 1933 68.0 1934 82.4 1935 99.5 1936 124.3 1937 135.7 1938 110.0 1939 137.1 1940 140.6 1941 153.8 1942 151.4 1943 159.6

Year Prod. 1944 151.2 1945 113.1 1946 111.6 1947 136.0 1948 155.3 1949 160.0 1950 191.6 1951 211.1 1952 211.6 1953 234.8 1954 223.8 1955 270.0 1956 283.5 1957 292.5 1958 274.3

Year Prod. 1959 305.7 1960 346.4 1961 351.3 1962 360.1 1963 387.1 1964 433.4 1965 454.0 1966 472.7 1967 497.2 1968 529.8 1969 574.6 1970 595.4 1971 582.6 1972 630.7 1973 697.5

Year Prod. 1974 703.8 1975 643.0 1976 675.5 1977 675.6 1978 717.2 1979 746.4 1980 716.4 1981 707.0 1982 645.0 1983 663.4 1984 710.3 1985 718.9 1986 714.0 1987 735.5 1988 780.1

Year Prod. 1989 786.0 1990 770.4 1991 733.6 1992 719.7 1993 727.5 1994 725.1 1995 752.3 1996 750.1 1997 799.0 1998 777.3 1999 789.3 2000 850.1 2001 851.1 2002 904.2 2003 969.9

Year Prod. 2004 1,071.4 2005 1,144.0 2006 1,247.1 2007 1,351.3 2008 1,326.5 2009 1,219.7 2010 1,413.6 2011 1,490.1 2012 1,552.9 2013 1,649.3 2014 1,670.1 2015 1,620.4 2016 1,606.3 2017 1,674.8 2018 1,808.4

Year Prod. 2019 1,869.9 2020 1,880.4 2021 1,950.5 2022 1,888.7 2023 1,888.2

See also

• Steel industry
• Global steel industry trends
• List of steel producers
• List of countries by iron ore production