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Chemical compound From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dipotassium phosphate (K2HPO4) (also dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate; potassium phosphate dibasic) is the inorganic compound with the formula K2HPO4.(H2O)x (x = 0, 3, 6). Together with monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4.(H2O)x), it is often used as a fertilizer, food additive, and buffering agent.[1] It is a white or colorless solid that is soluble in water.
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Potassium hydrogen phosphate | |
Other names
Potassium monohydrogen phosphate Phosphoric acid dipotassium salt Potassium phosphate dibasic | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.028.940 |
EC Number |
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E number | E340(ii) (antioxidants, ...) |
PubChem CID |
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UNII |
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
K2HPO4 | |
Molar mass | 174.2 g/mol |
Appearance | white powder deliquescent |
Odor | odorless |
Density | 2.44 g/cm3 |
Melting point | > 465 °C (869 °F; 738 K) decomposes |
149.25 g/100 mL (20 °C) | |
Solubility | slightly soluble in alcohol |
Acidity (pKa) | 12.4 |
Basicity (pKb) | 6.8 |
Hazards | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | Non-flammable |
Related compounds | |
Other cations |
Disodium phosphate Diammonium phosphate |
Related compounds |
Monopotassium phosphate Tripotassium phosphate |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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It is produced commercially by partial neutralization of phosphoric acid with two equivalents of potassium chloride:[1]
As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is used in imitation dairy creamers, dry powder beverages, mineral supplements, and starter cultures.[2] It functions as an emulsifier, stabilizer and texturizer; it also is a buffering agent, and chelating agent especially for the calcium in milk products..[3]
As a food additive, dipotassium phosphate is generally recognized as safe by the United States Food and Drug Administration,[4] and is commonly used (in conjunction with other inorganic salts) to add taste to bottled water.[5]