Jacob Crowninshield

Jacob Crowninshield (March 31, 1770 – April 15, 1808) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts and appointee to the position of U.S. Secretary of the Navy, which he never filled. His brother Benjamin Williams Crowninshield did successfully hold the post; the Crowninshield family in general was prominent in early American maritime affairs. He was the grandfather of Arent S. Crowninshield.

Jacob Crowninshield
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 2nd district
In office March 4, 1803 – April 15, 1808
Preceded by	William Shepard
Succeeded by	Joseph Story
Member of the Massachusetts Senate
In office 1801
Personal details
Born	(1770-03-31)March 31, 1770 Salem, Province of Massachusetts Bay, British America
Died	April 15, 1808(1808-04-15) (aged 38) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Harmony Grove Cemetery, Salem, Massachusetts
Political party	Democratic-Republican
Relations	Benjamin Williams Crowninshield, Arent S. Crowninshield
Children	Sarah Crowninshield

Biography

Jacob Crowninshield was born March 31, 1770, in Salem in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. As a young man, he went into partnership with three of his brothers commanding trade ships between the United States and India.^[1][2]

In 1796, Crowninshield married Sarah Gardner, daughter of John (a direct descendant of an old planter) and Sarah (Derby, daughter of Richard (1712–1783)). Their daughter Sarah later married the Salem merchant Richard Saltonstall Rogers.^[3]

Crowninshield was an unsuccessful candidate for election to Congress in 1798, to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Dwight Foster, but was elected to the Massachusetts Senate in 1801.

In November 1802, he was elected as a Democratic-Republican to Congress and served in the 8th, 9th and 10th Congresses. During the 9th Congress, he was chairman of the United States House Committee on Commerce and Manufactures. He died of tuberculosis in Washington, D.C., on April 15, 1808, near the end of his third term. Crowninshield was 38 years old at the time of his death.

In 1805, Crowninshield was nominated to the position of U.S. Secretary of the Navy by President Thomas Jefferson, and was confirmed by the Senate, but he declined to take up the position, and continued to serve in Congress.^[1][4]

Crowninshield is buried in Harmony Grove Cemetery in his hometown of Salem.

See also

• List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)
• George Crowninshield Jr., brother

Footnotes

1. "Jacob Crowninshield", National Cyclopaedia of American Biography: Volume 3. New York: James T. White & Co., 1893; p. 7.
2. Bean, Susan S. (1990). The American Market for Indian Textiles, 1785-1820: In the Twilight of Traditional Cloth Manufacture. Textile Society of America Biennial Symposium. Washington, DC.
3. History of Essex County, Massachusetts, Duane Hamilton Hurd, Printed by J. & W. Lewis Co., Philadelphia, Penn., 1888.
4. Adams, Henry (1889). History of the United States during the Administrations of Thomas Jefferson. Library of America edition (1986). p. 609.

External links

• United States Congress. "Jacob Crowninshield (id: C000947)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
• Jacob Crowninshield at Miller Center of Public Affairs
• Jacob Crowninshield at Find a Grave

U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by William Shepard	Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district March 4, 1803 – April 15, 1808	Succeeded by Joseph Story