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German designations of foreign artillery in World War II

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During World War II, Germany maintained comprehensive lists of enemy weapons which were given designations in German in a system that matched that of German weapons. When these weapons were captured and put into use with German forces, they were referred to by these designations.

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D 50 title on coverpage of designation

Background

Before the war began, the German armed forces Heereswaffenamt compiled a list of known foreign equipment and assigned a unique number to each weapon. These weapons were called Fremdgerät or Beutegerät ("foreign device" or "captured device") and their technical details were recorded in a fourteen-volume set that was periodically updated. The Germans also captured large amounts of foreign equipment during WWII that they tested and cataloged using the same system. The Germans sometimes referred to these weapons as Kriegsbeute ("war booty") and the Fremdgerät numbers are sometimes referred to as Beutenummern ("booty numbers"). See also Glossary of German military terms.

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Designation format

The format for these designations is made up of the following elements:

  • Calibre expressed in centimetres
  • The type of weapon
  • A model number (e.g. M23) or year (e.g. 1934)
  • In the absence of a model or year number, a unique number was assigned.
  • A subvariant is indicated with a number after a "/".
  • A letter indicating the national origin of the weapon.

As an example, "9 cm Flak M12 (t)" is a Czechoslovak 90mm anti-aircraft gun Model 12.[2]

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German artillery types

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Sort by Letter Code/Country

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(a)/United States

[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11]

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(b)/Belgium

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(d)/Denmark

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(e)/United Kingdom (British Empire)

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(f)/France

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(g)/Greece

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(h)/Netherlands

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(i)/Italy

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(j)/Yugoslavia

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(n)/Norway

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(ö)/Austria

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(p)/Poland

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(r)/Soviet Union

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(t)/Czechoslovakia

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Sort by weapon type

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Anti-aircraft guns

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Anti-tank guns and recoilless rifles

[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11][12]

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Artillery guns

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With number designation

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Artillery howitzers

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Costal artillery

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Fortress artillery

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Infantry guns/howitzers

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Mountain guns/howitzers

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[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11][12]

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Field, infantry and mountain howitzwer

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With number designation

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[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11][12]

Without number designation

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Other howitzers

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  • Note: This is a general desgination to a variety of howitzer; except for infantry, mountain, and field howitzers.

With number designation

More information Num., Short Desig. ...

[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11][12]

Without number designation

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Mortars

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With number designation

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[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11]

Without number designation

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Railroad Artillery

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Tank guns

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Tank guns with number designation

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Tank guns without number designation

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[4][5][6][7][8][3][9][10][11]

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See also

Notes / References

Footnotes

  1. F.4 Anti-Aircraft Mount.
  2. F.7 Anti-Aircraft Mount.
  3. Mistakenly attributed to the Belgian Army.
  4. Also called the 37 mm 1-K anti-tank gun.
  5. Mounted on a makeshift box-trail carriage.
  6. Described as 4,7 cm anti-tank gun made by Rheinmetall. Could just be a 47 mm Böhler gun with a L/39 barrel and a gun shield from the Pak 36.
  7. 47 mm Böhler gun with a L/35.6 barrel.
  8. Field modified using a ZiS-3 split-trail carriage.
  9. The gun model is the QF 18-pdr Mk IV (Carriage Mark V).
  10. (Most likely) misattributed to the Greek army.
  11. Also on an anti-air mount
  12. The gun was designated as the 10.7 cm Field Gun M1908/10 (Krupp).
  13. The gun was designated as the 155 mm Field Gun T2.
  14. The gun was designated as the 155 mm Field Gun T4.
  15. The gun was designated as the 75 mm Field Howitzer T1.
  16. The gun was designated as the:
    • 105 mm Field Howitzer T1 in Laf. T2,
    • 105 mm Field Howitzer T1 in Laf. T3,
    • 105 mm Field Howitzer M1 in Laf. M2.
  17. Made by Putilov plant in ~1905.[13] Possibly had been mistaken for the 120 mm howitzer Model 1901.
  18. Mistakenly attributed to the French Army.
  19. The gun was designated as the 8-inch Howitzer T2.
  20. The gun model is the BL 9.2-inch howitzer (Vickers Mk I)..
  21. The gun model is the BL 9.2-inch howitzer (Vickers Mk II)..
  22. The gun model is the BL 12-inch howitzer (Vickers Mk IV)..
  23. Could be a development of the 150 mm Trench Mortar M1917.

Barrel length notes

  1. L/32 barrel (32 caliber length).
  2. L/43 barrel (43 caliber length).
  3. L/50 barrel (50 caliber length).
  4. L/30 barrel (30 caliber length).
  5. L/40 barrel (40 caliber length).
  6. L/22 barrel (22 caliber length).
  7. L/25 barrel (25 caliber length).
  8. L/62 barrel (62 caliber length).

Ammo notes

  1. Re-bored to use 88 mm ammunition.
  2. Re-bored to use 155 mm ammunition.
  3. Re-bored to use 285 mm ammunition.

References

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