Ampulomet
Weapon From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Ampulomet (Russian: 125-мм ампуломёт образца 1941 года, also rendered Ampulomyot, ampulla mortar, etc., lit. "ampule/vial thrower" cf. миномёт) was an expedient anti-tank weapon which launched a 125 mm incendiary projectile made of spherical glass.[4][5] This weapon was introduced in 1941 and used (to a limited degree) by the Red Army in World War II, but by 1942 was largely obsolete.[6]
Ampulomet | |
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![]() Ampulomet and PM M1910 machine gun at the Museum of the Battle of Stalingrad. | |
Place of origin | Soviet Union |
Service history | |
In service | 1941–1945 |
Used by | Soviet Union Finland (Captured) Nazi Germany (Captured) |
Wars | World War II |
Production history | |
Manufacturer | Leningrad |
Produced | 1941–1942 |
Specifications | |
Mass | 26 kg (57 lb 5 oz) |
Length | 1 m (3 ft 3 in) |
Barrel length | .84 m (2 ft 9 in)[1] |
Crew | 3[2] |
Shell | Separate loading black powder charge and AZh-2 projectile containing KS incendiary. |
Shell weight | 1.5 kg (3 lb 5 oz)[3] |
Caliber | 125 mm (4.9 in) |
Recoil | None |
Elevation | 0° to +12° |
Traverse | 360°[1] |
Rate of fire | 8 rpm |
Muzzle velocity | 50 m/s (160 ft/s) |
Maximum firing range | 250 m (820 ft)[1] |
Design

The weapon consisted of an unrifled tube with a crude breech mounted on a Y-shaped pedestal which pivoted on trunnions to provide elevation. Two breech mounted inverted horns were provided for traverse/elevation and a simple inclinometer for targeting and range calculation. A black powder charge was inserted into the breech and fired by a percussion cap to propel the AZh-2 glass ampule.[1] The ampules were filled with an incendiary mixture known as KS. KS was a mixture of 80% phosphorus and 20% sulfur which ignited when exposed to air. The burning mixture created a bright flame, thick white smoke and would burn for up to three minutes at temperatures between 800–1,000 °C (1,470–1,830 °F). The burning liquid would seep through vision slots or engine grilles on a tank and ignite ammunition or fuel as well as choke and blind the crew.[7]
See also
Northover Projector — A similar British weapon used by the Home Guard during World War II
References
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