George Finch-Hatton (MP for Rochester)

George Finch-Hatton Esq FRS (30 June 1747 – 17 February 1823)^[1] was an English aristocrat and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1772 to 1784.

George Finch-Hatton FRS
Born	George Finch (1747-06-30)30 June 1747
Died	17 February 1823(1823-02-17) (aged 75)
Nationality	British
Education	Westminster School Christ's College, Cambridge (MA, 1768)
Occupation	Politician
Spouse	Lady Elizabeth Murray ​ ​ (m. 1785)​
Children	7, Louisa Anne Finch-Hatton George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea Rev. Daniel Heneage Finch-Hatton
Parents	Edward Finch-Hatton (father) Anne Palmer (mother)
Relatives	Anne Hatton (Grandmother) Daniel Finch, 7th Earl of Winchilsea (Grandfather)
Coat of Arms

Early life

Hon. Edward Finch-Hatton (1697-1771) by Nathaniel Hone the Elder.

George Finch was born on 30 June 1747 and the son of Hon. Edward Finch, youngest son of Daniel Finch, 7th Earl of Winchilsea and 2nd Earl of Nottingham and Anne Hatton. His mother was Anne Palmer, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Thomas Palmer, 4th Baronet, of Wingham.^[2] George was educated at Westminster School and at Christ's College, Cambridge, being awarded a Master of Arts degree in 1768.

He assumed the additional surname of Hatton (his grandmother's name) together with his father in 1764 on inheriting the Hatton estates.^[3]He further succeeded his uncle Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea to Eastwell Park and various Kentish properties in 1769 and to his father Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire in 1771.

44 Berkeley Square, home of Lady Isabella Finch unaltered throughout the centuries by William Kent.

He also inherited 44 Berkeley Square (now Clermont Club), his aunt Lady Isabella Finch's incredible London home, which somehow went to his father Edward, in turned went to him since his father only survive his sister by a few months. In 1774, George sold it to Lord Clermont, an acquaintance of his late aunt and Princess Amelia, hence the house was again visited by Princess Amelia.^[4]

In the same year 1774, George now had surplus from the sale of the house, commissioned Robert Adam to rebuild Eastwell Park, but each of the designs were declined and eventually went on hold.^[5]

He eventually rebuilt the house at Eastwell between 1793 and 1800 to designs by Robert Adam's former draughtsman Joseph Bonomi in Neo-classical style.^[6]

George also inherited the Hatton Garden estate in London. He sold it in 1780s and had received around £100,000 (equivalent to £20 million) and was to receive even more money as it sold further.^[7]

George had an estimated income of £20,000 a year.^[8]

Career

George Finch-Hatton was the heir presumptive to his unmarried first cousin also named George Finch, 9th Earl of Winchilsea. Their fathers, Edward and William Finch were brothers.

Finch-Hatton was elected Member of Parliament for Rochester at a by-election in 1772. He was re-elected to Rochester in contests in 1774 and 1780 but was defeated in at the 1784 general election.^[2]

Finch-Hatton was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1776.^[9]

In August 1805, Col George Hatton commanded East Kent regiment of volunteers to be inspected at Eastwell Park, when the regiment had a very elegant pair of colours (flags) presented to them by his wife Lady Elizabeth. They afterwards attended divine service at Eastwell church, where the colours were consecrated.^[10]

In 1809 he was commissioned as Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant of the Ashford Regiment of Local Militia (later the 1st East Kent or Ashford, Oldcastle and Elham Regiment).^[11]

Family

Lady Elizabeth by David Martin

Finch-Hatton married Lady Elizabeth Murray in 1785, daughter of David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield. He was 'very much attached' to Lady Elizabeth. George owned two vast estates at Eastwell Park in Kent and Kirby Hall in Northamptonshire.^[3]After the wedding, they went on to live at Kirby Hall and sometimes at Eastwell old manor for ten years until 1795, when they moved entirely to their newly rebuilt Eastwell Park mansion by Bonomi.

Their marriage was happy, there are a number of comments about her in letters (three at Kenwood) indicating that she was a charming and well-liked girl.^[12]

Kirby Hall, Corby, Northamptonshire.

George and Lady Elizabeth had 7 children :

1. Lady Louisa Anne m. Hon. Charles Hope, son of 2nd Earl of Hopetoun.
2. Anna Maria (d.1837)
3. Elizabeth Henrietta (d.1820)
4. George Finch-Hatton, 10th Earl of Winchilsea, m. 1814 to Lady Charlotte, daughter of 3rd Duke of Montrose, had issue 11th Earl of Winchilsea.
5. Edward Frederick, Lieut.(d.1813)
6. Hon. Rev. Daniel Heneage m. Lady Louisa Greville, daughter of 2nd Countess of Mansfield.
7. Lady Emily Mary m. Alfred Charnley Lawrence, had issue.

Later in 1841, Queen Victoria granted all George and Elizabeth's children the style and precedence of the son/daughter of an earl by royal warrant, as if George had outlived his first cousin and became Earl of Winchilsea.^[13]

Personal life

From the local newspapers of the day, George was very involved in the daily running of his estates and looking after the welfare of his tenants.^[14] He was regarded as a generous and kind landlord; he significantly reduced the rents of his tenants during difficult seasons and allowed the tenants to always keep half a year's rent in their hands for emergency funds.^[15]

Eastwell Park, Ashford, Kent

George also enjoyed reading as he was described as 'well versed' in science and literature, the new large library at Eastwell Park was said to resemble Duncombe Park morning room with its imposing marble columns and it was noted to contain an 'excellent large collection of old books'.^[14]

In March 1805, the 3rd Earl of Mansfield invited his sister Lady Elizabeth and George to attend a grand dinner at Mansfield House in Portland Place, with his royal highness Prince Adolphus, Marquess of Bath, Lord Grantham, Lord Somerville, and other distinguished guests.^[16]

Jane Austen visited George and Lady Elizabeth at Eastwell Park numerous times, they were neighbors as Jane's older brother, Edward resided at Godmersham four miles away. George was also 1st cousin once removed to Elizabeth Bridges, wife of Edward Austen Knight. In her letters to her sister Cassandra in August 1805, Austen described the family at Eastwell and she seemed to have feelings for George's younger brother, Edward Finch-Hatton.

"Eastwell was very agreeable; I found Ly. Gordon’s manners as pleasing as they had been described, and saw nothing to dislike in Sir Janison. . . [The Misses Finch] were very civil to me, as they always are; fortune was also very civil to me in placing Mr E. Hatton by me at dinner."^[17][18]

Jane found Lady Elizabeth rather quiet and reserved for someone of her high rank."I have discovered that Lady Elizabeth, for a woman of her age and situation, has astonishingly little to say for, and that Miss Hatton has not much more." instead Jane was in awe by Elizabeth's music skill praising "but her eloquence lies in her fingers; they were most fluently harmonious."

"George is a fine boy, and well behaved, but Daniel chiefly delighted me; the good humour of his countenance is quite bewitching. After tea we had a cribbage-table, and he and I won two rubbers of his brother and Mrs. Mary, Mr. Brett was the only person there, besides our two families." from the same 1805 Austen letter.^[18]

The Finch-Hattons were very sociable, frequently attending prestigious balls and events. In 1821, they attended the Duchess of Montrose's ball in Grosvenor Square and the farewell ball of the Duchess of Frías at the Spanish embassy.^[19] They were also entertained at Northumberland House in 1819 by the Duchess of Northumberland, with whom they were related through their son's marriage.^[20]

In July 1817, Lady Anne Murray passed away and his wife inherited her aunt's estate including Marlborough House in Brighton, they decided to sell the house and the interested buyer was Prince Leopold, for Princess Charlotte to spend some time in after birthing, but as she died during negotiations, it did not proceed. Instead it was sold to Thomas Harrington for £9500.^[21][22]

Marlborough House located next to Mrs. Fitzherbert Steine House (Mistress of King George IV) in Brighton.

Death

Finch-Hatton died in February 1823 at the age of 75 at Eastwell Park surrounded by "his tenderly attached and afflicted family".^[23] His wife died in June 1825, aged 65.

Their eldest son George William Finch-Hatton succeeded in the Earldoms of Winchilsea and Nottingham in 1826.

Ancestry

Ancestors of George Finch-Hatton

8. Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham 4. Daniel Finch, 7th Earl of Winchilsea 9. Elizabeth Harvey 2. Hon. Edward Finch-Hatton 10. Christopher Hatton, 1st Viscount Hatton 5. Hon. Anne Hatton 11. Lady Cecily Tufton 1. George Finch-Hatton 12. Herbert Palmer 6. Sir Thomas Palmer, 4th Baronet, of Wingham 13. Dorothy Pincheon 3. Anne Palmer 14. Sir Robert Marsham, 4th Baronet 7. Elizabeth Marsham 15. Margaret Bosvile

Coat of arms of Finch: Argent, a chevron between three griffins passant sable

References

1. The Register of Births & Baptisms in the Parish of St James within the Liberty of Westminster Vol. IV. 1741-1760. 20 July 1747.
2. "FINCH HATTON, George (1747-1823), of Eastwell Park, nr. Ashford, Kent". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 28 October 2017.
3. "Finch-Hatton, George (FNC764G)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
4. Learmouth, Juliet (2016). The London Town House of Lady Isabella Finch. University of London (Courtauld Institute of Art).
5. "Eastwell Park, Boughton Leeds, Kent: unexecuted alternative schemes for rebuilding the house for George Finch Hatton, 1774 (14)". collections.soane.org. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
6. "Eastwell Park, Boughton Leeds, Kent: unexecuted alternative schemes for rebuilding the house for George Finch Hatton, 1774 (14)". collections.soane.org. Retrieved 26 April 2023.
7. "London". Kentish Gazette. 11 November 1785. p. 3.
8. "register of fashion". Sun (London). 11 October 1817.
9. "Fellows details". Royal Society. Archived from the original on 22 February 2018. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
10. "Canterbury". Canterbury Journal. 20 August 1805. p. 4.
11. London Gazette 13 May 1809, p. 680.
12. Adams, Gene (1984). "Dido Elizabeth Belle / A Black Girl at Kenwood / an account of a protégée of the 1st Lord Mansfield" (PDF). Camden History Review. 12: 10–14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
13. The London Gazette: The Appointed Organ for All Announcements of the Executive. 1841,7/12. H.M. Stationery Office. 1841.
14. Kentish Gazette.
15. "British Luminary". 6 May 1821. p. 2.
16. "Oracle and the Daily Advertiser". 26 March 1805. p. 3.
17. "Jane Austen's Letters: Letter 45, Sat 24 August 1805, from Godmersham: swapping as a sister sunk in poverty". Reveries Under the Sign of Austen, Two. 25 September 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
18. "Jane Austen -- Letters -- Brabourne Edition -- Letters to Cassandra, 1805". pemberley.com. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
19. "The Duchess de Frias's Farewell Ball". Morning Post. 21 May 1821. p. 3.
20. "Register of Fashion". Sun (London). 15 March 1819. p. 3.
21. "Robert Adams Marlborough House Brighton" (PDF).
22. "General Evening Post". 31 January 1818.
23. "Kentish Weekly Post or Canterbury Journal". 21 February 1823. p. 4.

Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by John Calcraft Thomas Pye	Member of Parliament for Rochester 1772–1784 With: Thomas Pye Robert Gregory	Succeeded by Sir Charles Middleton, Bt Nathaniel Smith