The Armed Forces of Gabon (French: Forces armées gabonaises), officially the Gabonese Defense and Security Forces (French: forces de défense et de sécurité gabonaises), is the national professional military of Gabon, divided into the Army, Air Force, Navy, and a National Gendarmerie, consisting of about 5,000 personnel. The armed forces includes a well-trained, well-equipped 1,800-member guard that provides security for the President of Gabon.
| Armed Forces of Gabon | |
|---|---|
| Forces armées gabonaises | |
 Gabonese Coat of arms | |
| Founded | 1960 |
| Service branches | Army[1] Air Force Navy National Gendarmerie |
| Headquarters | Libreville |
| Leadership | |
| Commander in Chief | General Brice Clotaire Oligui Nguema |
| Minister of National Defence | Félicité Ongouori Ngoubili[2] |
| Chief of Staff | Jean Claude Ella-Ekogha |
| Personnel | |
| Military age | 20 years of age[1] |
| Active personnel | 5,000 (2017) |
| Expenditure | |
| Budget | $81.52 million (FY17) |
| Percent of GDP | 0.55% (FY17) |
| Industry | |
| Foreign suppliers | France United States |
| Related articles | |
| History | 1964 Gabonese coup d'état Central African Republic Civil War 2019 Gabonese coup d'état attempt 2023 Gabonese coup d'état |
| Ranks | Military ranks of Gabon |
Organizational structure
Army
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The Gabonese Army (French: Armée de terre gabonaise) is the land component of the armed forces, specializing in infantry and mechanized reconnaissance. It was created on December 6, 1960, by decree of president Léon M'ba from non-commissioned officers who served in the French colonial army, mainly the 2nd company of the 21st BIMA. Following independence, Gabon signed defense agreements with France, mainly on technical assistance and training. Until June 1964, the title of Chief of Staff of the Gabonese Armed Forces was held by a senior French Army officer. In 1962 a detachment of the Auxiliary Women of the Gabonese Armed Forces (AFFAG), commanded by Lieutenant Ba Oumar at the military camp of Owendo, was created. President M'ba promoted the initiative following a visit to Tel Aviv, Israel, where he met female staff in its Defense Forces.
Order of battle
- Republican Guard Battalion (Libreville)
- 1 Light Armoured recon unit
- 3 Infantry companies
- 1 Artillery battery
- 1 Air Defence battery
- Airborne Regiment
- 1 Command company
- 1 Recon & Support company
- 3 Airborne companies
- 1 Light Armoured Recon Battalion
- 2 Armoured squads
- 1 Command & Logistics company
- Support Command Regiment
- 1 Artillery battery
- 1 Mortar battery
- 1 MRLS battery (8 Teruel MRL)
- 1 Engineer company
- Logistic units
- 7 Military Regions
- 7 Motorised infantry battalions (1 battalion for each region)
Air Force
Order of battle
- Fighter Squadron 1-02 Leyou at BA02 Franceville with:
- Mirage F-1AZ
- MB-326M Impala I
- Heavy Transport Squadron at BA01 Libreville with:
- C-130 Hercules
- CN-235
- Ministerial Air Liaison Group (Groupe de Liaison Aérien Ministériel or GLAM) at BA01 Libreville with:
- 1 Falcon-900EX
- 1 Gulfstream-III
Facilities
- BA01 Libreville
- BA02 Franceville
- Tchibanga
Navy
The Gabonese Navy (French: Marine Nationale du Gabon) is the official maritime branch of the armed forces. It was created in December 1960 as part of the army, and only became an independent entity in 1983. The navy's core purpose is to monitor the country's coastal waters, including 800 km of coastline.[3]
- Headquarters Staff (Libreville)
- Port-Gentil Naval Base
- Mayumba Naval Base
- Port-Gentil Aviation Base[citation needed]
- Marine Rifle Battalion (since 1984)
Other security forces
National Gendarmerie
The National Gendarmerie of Gabon (Gendarmerie nationale gabonaise) is the national police force of Gabon responsible for law enforcement in the country. It was formed on March 10, 1960, when Gabon, formerly French Equatorial Africa, gained its independence from France. It originated from Libreville Gendarmerie Detachment 1929, which was commanded by Governor General of French Equatorial Africa, Félix Eboue. The main tasks of the gendarmerie are to defend the country's borders, ensure public safety, and to enforce actions taken by judicial and government authorities. The National Gendarmerie is under the direct command of the President of Gabon.[4][5][6]
Republican Guard
The Gendarmerie is also in charge of the Republican Guard (French: Garde républicaine, GR).[7] It is viewed as the most powerful and sophisticated of the security forces. It is primarily tasked with protecting the president and ensures regime stability.
Equipment
Small arms
Armour
Artillery
| Name | Origin | Type | In Service | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M101 | United States | 105 mm towed howitzer | 4[9] | |
| Type 63 | China | 107 mm multiple rocket launcher | 16[9] | |
| Type 90 | China | 122 mm multiple rocket launcher | 4[11] | |
| Teruel | Spain | 140 mm multiple rocket launcher | 8[9] | |
| MO-120-RT | France | 120 mm mortar | 4[9][11] |
Air defense
| Name | Origin | Type | In Service | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ERC-20 | France | 20mm self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon | 4[9] | |
| ZPU-4 | Soviet Union | 14.5mm towed anti-aircraft gun | Unknown[9] | |
| ZU-23-2 | Soviet Union | 23 mm towed anti-aircraft gun | 24[9] | |
| M1939 | Soviet Union | 37 mm towed anti-aircraft gun | 10[9] | |
| L/70 | Sweden | 40 mm towed anti-aircraft gun | 3[9] |
Current inventory
Retired aircraft
Previous aircraft operated were the CM.170 Magister, Embraer EMB 110, Fokker F28, Aérospatiale N 262, Reims C.337, and the Alouette II helicopter.[13][14]
Naval equipment
| Vessel | Origin | Type | In service | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kership | France | Offshore patrol | 1 on order[15] | |
| P400 | France | Coastal patrol | 3[16] | |
| BATRAL | France | Landing craft | 1[16] | 2 ordered, only one received |
Ceremonial traditions
- In April 2001, then-Defense Minister Bongo visited China, during which he reviewed the PLA honor guard upon arrival, and proposed to his Chinese counterpart Chi Haotian that members of the battalion will go to Gabon to help set up and train professional ceremonial units in the Gabonese military. In March 2003, after just under three years, the Chinese Ministry of National Defense sent four officers led by Lieutenant Colonel Wang Yuanjing to Libreville by the end of November of that year, after which they stayed to train the Gabonese guard of honour for more than six months.[17][18]
- The Principal Music Band of the Gabonese Defense Forces was created in 2010. It brings together elements of the Band of the National Gendarmerie, the Armed Forces and the Prytanée militaire de Libreville. It has a staff of 50 professional currently directed by Captain Jean-Baptiste Rabimbinongo. Its conductor, Lieutenant Léa Nzoufa Nze, was the first woman to conduct a military band to the Saumur International Festival of Military Bands. It takes part in many official ceremonies such as National Flag Day and the military parade marking the country's independence.[19]
References
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