Foreign relations of Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone maintains formal relations with many Western nations.^[1] It also maintains diplomatic relations with the former Soviet Bloc countries as well as with the People's Republic of China.

The government maintains 16 embassies and high commissions around the world.^[2]

Multilateral membership

Former President Stevens' government had sought closer relations with West African countries under the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).^[3] The present government is continuing this effort.

Sierra Leone is a member of the United Nations and its specialized agencies, the Commonwealth, the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), the African Development Bank (AFDB), the Mano River Union (MRU), the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM).

Sierra Leone is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the US-military (as covered under Article 98).

Sierra Leone is a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Sierra Leone maintains diplomatic relations with:

#	Country	Date
1	Canada	27 April 1961[4]
2	Egypt	27 April 1961[5]
3	France	27 April 1961[6]
4	Ghana	27 April 1961[7]
5	Israel	27 April 1961[8]
6	Japan	27 April 1961[9]
7	Lebanon	27 April 1961[10]
8	Nigeria	27 April 1961[11]
9	United Kingdom	27 April 1961[12]
10	United States	27 April 1961[13]
11	India	28 April 1961[14]
12	Belgium	12 July 1961[15]
13	Germany	5 September 1961[16]
14	Guinea	20 October 1961[17]
15	Benin	1961[18]
16	Burkina Faso	1961[18]
17	Ivory Coast	1961[18]
18	Niger	1961[18]
19	Pakistan	1961[19]
20	Russia	18 January 1962[20]
21	Netherlands	22 February 1962[21]
22	Liberia	8 June 1962[22]
23	South Korea	25 June 1962[23]
24	Sudan	19 August 1962[24]
25	Bulgaria	28 September 1962[25]
26	Senegal	26 October 1962[26]
27	Poland	10 November 1962[27]
28	Italy	1962[28]
29	Mali	1962[29]
30	Sweden	1962[30]
31	Switzerland	1962[31]
32	Czech Republic	3 January 1963[32]
33	Serbia	25 September 1963[33]
34	Morocco	14 November 1963[34]
35	Romania	15 January 1964[35]
36	Spain	6 March 1964[36]
37	Syria	29 November 1964[37]
38	Madagascar	5 November 1966[38]
39	Gambia	10 December 1966[39]
40	Jamaica	15 November 1967[40]
41	Ethiopia	26 March 1968[41]
42	Lesotho	22 October 1968[42]
43	Hungary	10 November 1969[43]
44	Norway	20 July 1970[44]
45	Luxembourg	13 October 1970[45]
46	Turkey	15 February 1971[46]
47	Zambia	19 February 1971[47]
48	China	29 July 1971[48]
49	North Korea	14 October 1971[49]
50	Mauritania	21 October 1971[50]
51	Tanzania	3 November 1971[51]
52	Algeria	7 April 1972[52]
53	Cuba	24 April 1972[53]
54	Saudi Arabia	1 July 1972[54]
55	Denmark	22 January 1973[55]
56	Uganda	10 September 1973[56]
57	Brazil	9 August 1974[57]
58	Argentina	6 September 1974[58]
59	Guyana	25 October 1974[59]
60	Democratic Republic of the Congo	20 January 1975[60]
61	Guinea-Bissau	28 January 1975[61]
62	Portugal	18 February 1975[62]
63	Austria	1 March 1975[63]
64	Trinidad and Tobago	17 July 1975[64]
65	Libya	18 November 1975[65]
66	Bangladesh	22 January 1976[66]
67	Mozambique	12 March 1976[67]
68	Mexico	30 June 1976[68]
69	Albania	23 August 1976[69]
70	Cameroon	30 September 1976[70]
71	Cape Verde	8 January 1978[71]
72	Vietnam	24 June 1978[72]
73	Kenya	16 January 1979[73]
74	Greece	15 May 1979[74]
75	Kuwait	1980[75]
76	Qatar	1980[76]
77	Australia	2 December 1981[77]
78	United Arab Emirates	5 October 1982[78]
79	Oman	10 December 1982[79]
80	Thailand	24 December 1982[80]
81	Iran	12 March 1983[81]
82	Equatorial Guinea	March 1983[82]
83	Maldives	14 June 1988[83]
84	Colombia	16 November 1988[80]
85	Peru	15 May 1989[80]
86	Venezuela	29 October 1990[84]
87	Malaysia	28 January 1991[85]
88	Philippines	3 April 1991[86]
89	Indonesia	15 November 1994[87]
90	Azerbaijan	13 March 1995[88]
91	Brunei	10 July 1995[80]
92	Slovakia	21 May 1996[80]
—	Holy See	30 July 1996[89]
93	Georgia	7 April 1997[90]
94	North Macedonia	17 July 1998[91]
95	South Africa	21 August 1998[92]
96	Ukraine	20 May 1999[93]
97	Ireland	19 January 2000[80]
98	Cyprus	22 November 2000[80]
99	Malta	16 October 2001[80]
100	Namibia	18 September 2002[94]
101	Croatia	23 July 2003[80]
102	Belarus	27 September 2003[80]
103	Armenia	19 March 2004[95]
104	Angola	1 November 2004[96]
105	Bahamas	7 November 2006[80]
106	Iceland	13 November 2006[80]
107	Finland	17 June 2008[80]
108	New Zealand	5 March 2009[97]
109	Uruguay	22 September 2010[80]
110	Cambodia	7 October 2010[80]
111	Estonia	10 May 2011[98]
112	Slovenia	10 May 2011[80]
113	Zimbabwe	19 April 2012[99]
114	Jordan	3 December 2012[100]
115	Singapore	9 April 2013[101]
116	Mongolia	27 September 2013[102]
117	Sri Lanka	16 November 2013[103]
118	Rwanda	29 November 2013[104]
119	Lithuania	15 April 2014[80]
120	Montenegro	8 October 2014[80]
121	Kazakhstan	20 November 2014[80]
122	Latvia	12 December 2014[80]
123	Fiji	6 February 2015[80]
124	Ecuador	12 February 2015[80]
125	Botswana	16 February 2015[105]
126	Bosnia and Herzegovina	24 November 2015[80]
—	Kosovo (suspended)	24 November 2015[106]
127	Burundi	2 March 2016[107]
128	Malawi	8 March 2016[108]
129	Kyrgyzstan	1 November 2016[80]
—	State of Palestine	6 December 2017[109]
130	Turkmenistan	15 June 2020[110]
131	Nicaragua	25 September 2020[80]
132	Tajikistan	2 October 2020[80]
133	Chad	13 February 2020[111]
134	Grenada	24 February 2021[80]
135	Nepal	29 June 2021[80]
136	Belize	23 September 2021[80]
137	Bahrain	8 June 2022[80]
138	Moldova	18 August 2022[80]
139	Dominican Republic	19 September 2022[80]
140	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	12 April 2023[112]
141	Uzbekistan	28 April 2023[80]
142	El Salvador	18 September 2023[80]
143	Saint Lucia	20 September 2023[80]
144	Eswatini	Unknown
—	Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Unknown[113]
145	South Sudan	Unknown[114]
146	Togo	Unknown
147	Tunisia	Unknown
148	Yemen	Unknown

Bilateral relations

Country	Formal Relations Began	Notes
Algeria	7 April 1972	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 April 1972 when Mr Zitouni Messaudi, the first Algerian Ambassador, presented his credentials to President Stevens[52]
Angola	1 November 2004	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 2004 when Ambassador of Sierra Leone, Alhaji Mohammed Bayoh, presented his credentials to Angola's President Jose Eduardo dos Santos.[96]
Bangladesh	22 January 1976	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 January 1976 when has been accredited High Commissioner of Bangladesh to Sierra Leone Mr. M. Anwarul Haq.[66]
Belgium	12 July 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1961 when M. G. Walravens was appointed as first Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Belgium to Sierra Leone ( with residence in Abidjan)[15]
Burundi	2 March 2016	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 March 2016 when Ambassador of Sierra Leone (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Osman Keh Kamara presented his credentials to President of Burundi Pierre Nkurunziza.[107]
Canada	27 April 1961	See Canada–Sierra Leone relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961
China	29 July 1971	See China–Sierra Leone relations China and Sierra Leone established diplomatic relations on July 29, 1971.[48]
Denmark	22 January 1973	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 January 1973 when has been accredited Ambassador of Sierra Leone to Denmark (resident in London) Mr. Jacob Arthur Christian Davies.[55]
Guinea	20 October 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 October 1961 when Mr. Abdoul Karim , Ambassador of Sierra Leone to Guinea presented his credentials to President Sekou Toure.[17]
Guinea-Bissau	28 January 1975	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 January 1975 when has been accredited Ambassador of Guinea-Bissau to Sierra Leone Mr. Alexander Nunes Correia.[61]
India	28 April 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 April 1961[14] See India–Sierra Leone relations Sierra Leone's ambassador is accredited from Tehran and India established a resident High Commission in Freetown in 2021, having previously accrerdited its High Commissioner from Accra, Ghana.[115][116] Both countries are full members of the Commonwealth of Nations.
Indonesia	15 November 1994	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 1994[87] Sierra Leone is accredited to Indonesia through its embassy in Beijing, China and is planning to open an embassy in Jakarta. Indonesia is accredited to Sierra Leone, through its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.[117]
Israel	27 April 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations with the independence of Sierra Leone on 27 April 1961, the Israel consulate in Freetown became an embassy.[8]Sierra Leone broken diplomatic relations with Israel on 27 October 1973.[118]Diplomatic relations were re-established on 27 May 1992[119]
Kenya	16 January 1979	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 January 1979[120]
Lebanon	27 April 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when Sierra Leone attained independence the Lebanese Ambassador to Liberia was also appointed Ambassador to Sierra Leone. The consulate was changed into an Embassy and Mr. Hazou became Charge d'Affaires.[10]
Lesotho	22 October 1968	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1968 when first High Commissioner of Lesotho to Sierra Leone Mr. C. D. Molapo has presented his credentials to Governor General Mr. Justice Banja Tejan-Sie[42]
Liberia	8 June 1962	See Liberia–Sierra Leone relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 June 1962 when has been appointed first ambassador of Liberia to Sierra Leone Mr. Henry B. Fahnbulleh.[22] The two countries signed a non-aggression pact in 2007 when Sierra Leonean President Ernest Bai Koroma took office.[121] In January 2011, an African diplomat described relations as "cordial".[122]
Madagascar	5 November 1966	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1966 when Dr. Rakoto-Ratsimamanga, the first Malagasy Ambassador to Sierra Leone with residence in Paris, presented his credentials.[38]
Mauritania	21 October 1971	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 October 1971 when first Ambassador of Mauritania to Sierra Leone, Mr. Dey Ould Brahim, has presented his credentials to President Stevens[50]
Mexico	30 June 1976	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 June 1976[68] Mexico is accredited to Sierra Leone from its embassy in Accra, Ghana.[123] Sierra Leone does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
Namibia	18 September 2002	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 September 2002 when has been accredited High Commissioner of Sierra Leone to Namibia (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Melvin Humpah Chalobah.[94]
Nigeria	27 April 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when was appointed first Nigerian High Commissioner to Sierra Leone Mr A.B. Oyediran[11]
Spain	6 March 1964	See Sierra Leone–Spain relations
Tanzania	3 November 1971	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 November 1971 when Tanzania's High Commissioner to Sierra Leone , Mr. Frederick Rutakyanirwa , presented his credentials to President Stevens.[51]
Trinidad and Tobago	17 July 1975	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 July 1975 when accredited first High Commissioner of Trinidad and Tobago to Sierra Leone (resident in Lagos) Mr. J.S.Donaldson[64]
Turkey	15 February 1971	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 February 1971[46] Sierra Leone has an embassy in Ankara.[124] Turkey has an embassy in Freetown.[124] Trade volume between the two countries was 53.4 million USD in 2019.[124] There are direct flights from Istanbul to Freetown.[124]
Uganda	10 September 1973	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 1973 when Brigadier Shaban Opolot, Uganda's first ambassador to Sierra Leone, has presented his credentials to President Stevens.[56]
United Kingdom	27 April 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961 when accredited first High Commissioner of United Kingdom to Sierra Leone Mr. John Baines Johnston[12]
United States	27 April 1961	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1961[13] See Sierra Leone–United States relations Embassy of Sierra Leone in Washington, D.C. U.S. relations with Sierra Leone began with missionary activities in the 19th century. In 1959, the U.S. opened a consulate in Freetown and elevated it to embassy status when Sierra Leone became independent in 1961. U.S.-Sierra Leone relations today are cordial, with ethnic ties between groups in the two countries receiving increasing historical interest. Many thousands of Sierra Leoneans reside in the United States. In fiscal year 2006, total U.S. bilateral aid to Sierra Leone in all categories were $29.538 million. U.S. assistance focused on the consolidation of peace, democracy and human rights, health education, particularly combating HIV/AIDS, and human resources development. Currently, the Principal U.S. Official in Sierra Leone is Chargé d'Affaires Glenn Fedzer [125] Sierra Leone's Ambassador to the U.S. is H. E. Bockari Kortu Stevens and the Sierra Leone embassy is located in Washington.[126]  This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.
Zambia	19 February 1971	Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1971 when first High Commissioner of Zambia Mr. Siteke G. Mwale presented his credentials to the Governor General of Sierra Leone Sir Banja Tejan-Sie[47]

International disputes

Large UN peacekeeping presence ended civil war, however rebel gang fighting, ethnic rivalries, illegal diamond trading, corruption, and refugees spill over into neighboring states that are beset with their own civil disorders, refugees, and violence.

Notes

See also

• List of diplomatic missions in Sierra Leone
• List of diplomatic missions of Sierra Leone

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External links

• United Nations Integrated Office in Sierra Leone
• "Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation at the Sierra Leone Encyclopedia 2006"