Delville Wood order of battle

The Battle of Delville Wood was fought from 14 July to 3 September 1916, one of the twelve battles of the Somme in 1916. It was fought by the British and French against the army of the German Empire in the Somme River valley in northern France. The battle was the début of the 1st South African Brigade (part of the 9th (Scottish) Division) on the Western Front, which captured Delville Wood and held it from 15 to 19 July. The casualties of the brigade were similar to those of many British brigades on First day on the Somme (1 July 1916).^[1]

Battle of Delville Wood
Part of the Battle of the Somme in the First World War
Date 14 July – 15 September 1916 Location Delville Wood, Longueval, the Somme, France 50.0278°N 2.8099°E / 50.0278; 2.8099 Result British victory
Belligerents
British Empire  South Africa  United Kingdom	German Empire
Commanders and leaders
Douglas Haig Henry Rawlinson	General–Major Fritz von Below Max von Gallwitz
Strength
9 divisions, 1 brigade
Only brigades and battalions that participated in the actions associated with the Battle of Delville Wood are shown. For details on the full organisation, see the Order of Battle for the Somme.

Delville Wood is well preserved with the remains of trenches, a museum and monument to the 1st South African Brigade. After the relief of the South Africans the battle for the wood continued until the end of August, when the last German footholds were captured by the 43rd Brigade of the 14th (Light) Division on 27 August. A large German counter-attack on 31 August regained part of the north edge of the wood until British attacks from 4 to 8 September, which secured the wood until the battles of 1918.^[2]

Orders of Battle

British and Dominion forces

Map of the Longueval and Delville Wood area (commune FR insee code 80378)

Order of battle for actions associated with the capture of Trônes Wood: 14–15 July 1916.

14th (Light) Division 14–15 July 1916[3] Commander: Major-General V. A. Couper Infantry: 41st Brigade 7th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 8th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 7th Battalion, Rifle Brigade 8th Battalion, Rifle Brigade 42nd Brigade 5th Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry 5th Battalion, King's Shropshire Light Infantry 9th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 9th Battalion, Rifle Brigade 43rd Brigade 6th Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry Regiment 6th Battalion, Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry 6th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry 10th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry Regiment Engineers and Support: 11th Battalion, King's Regiment (Pioneers) 18th (Eastern) Division 14–15 July 1916[4] Commander: Major General I. Maxse Infantry: 53rd Brigade 8th Battalion, Norfolk Regiment 8th Battalion, Suffolk Regiment 10th Battalion, Essex Regiment 6th Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment 54th Brigade 11th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers 7th Battalion, Bedfordshire Regiment 8th Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment 12th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment 55th Brigade 7th Battalion, Queen's Regiment 7th Battalion, Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment) 8th Battalion, East Surrey Regiment 7th Battalion, Royal West Kent Regiment Engineers and Support: 8th Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment

Order of battle for actions associated with the capture of Longueval: 14–17 July 1916.

3rd Division [5] Commander: Major-General J. A. Haldane then Major-General C. J. Deverell Infantry: 8th Brigade 2nd Battalion, Royal Scots 8th Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment 7th Battalion, King's Shropshire Light Infantry 1st Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers 9th Brigade 1st Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers 4th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers 13th Battalion, King’s Regiment 12th Battalion, West Yorkshire Regiment 76th Brigade 8th Battalion, The King's Own (Royal Lancaster Regiment) 2nd Battalion, Suffolk Regiment 10th Battalion, Royal Welsh Regiment 1st Battalion, Gordon Highlanders Engineers and Support: 20th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 9th (Scottish) Division[6] Commander: Major-General W. T. Furse Infantry: 26th Brigade 8th Battalion, Black Watch 7th Battalion, Seaforth Highlanders 5th Battalion, Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders 10th Battalion, Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders 27th Brigade 11th Battalion, Royal Scots 12th Battalion, Royal Scots 6th Battalion, King's Own Scottish Borderers 9th Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) South African Brigade Major-General Sir Henry Lukin KCB CMG DSO 1st South African Battalion (Cape) 4th South African Battalion (Scottish) Engineers and Support: 9th Battalion, Seaforth Highlanders (Pioneers)

Order of battle for actions associated with the first capture of Delville Wood: 14 July – 3 September 1916

2nd Division 27 July – 4 August 1916[7] Commander: Major General C. Monro Infantry: 99th Brigade 22nd Battalion, Royal Fusiliers 23rd Battalion, Royal Fusiliers 1st Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment 1st Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps Engineers and Support: 10th Battalion, Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (Pioneers) 3rd Division 17–22 July 1916[5] Commander: Major-General J. A. Haldane then Major-General C. J. Deverell Infantry: 76th Brigade 8th Battalion, The King's Own (Royal Lancaster Regiment) 2nd Battalion, Suffolk Regiment 10th Battalion, Royal Welsh Regiment 1st Battalion, Gordon Highlanders Engineers and Support: 20th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 9th (Scottish) Division 14–22 July 1916[6] Commander: Major-General W. T. Furse Infantry: 26th Brigade 8th Battalion, Black Watch 7th Battalion, Seaforth Highlanders 5th Battalion, Queens Own Cameron Highlanders 10th Battalion, Argyll & Sutherland Highlanders 27th Brigade 11th Battalion, Royal Scots 12th Battalion, Royal Scots 6th Battalion, King's Own Scottish Borderers 9th Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) South African Brigade Major-General Sir Henry Timson Lukin KCB CMG DSO 1st South African Battalion (Cape) 2nd South African Battalion (Natal & OFS) 3rd South African Battalion (Transvaal & Rhodesia) 4th South African Battalion (Scottish) Engineers and Support: 9th Battalion, Seaforth Highlanders (Pioneers) 17th (Northern) Division 4–11 August 1916[8] Commander: Major-General P. R. Robertson Infantry: 50th Brigade 10th Battalion, West Yorkshire Regiment 7th Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment 7th Battalion, Green Howards Regiment 6th Battalion, Dorset Regiment 51st Brigade 7th Battalion, Royal Lincolnshire Regiment 7th Battalion, Border Regiment 8th Battalion, South Staffordshire Regiment 10th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters Regiment 52nd Brigade 9th Battalion, Northumberland Fusiliers 10th Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers 9th Battalion, Duke of Wellington's Regiment 12th Battalion, Manchester Regiment Engineers and Support: 7th Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment 20th (Light) Division 11 August – 3 September 1916[9] Commander: Major-General W. Douglas Smith Infantry: 61st Brigade 7th Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry Regiment 7th Battalion, Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry Regiment 7th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry 12th Battalion, King's Regiment Engineers and Support: 11th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry Regiment 24th Division 30 August – 3 September 1916[10] Commander: Major-General J. E. Capper Infantry: 72nd Brigade 8th Battalion, Queen's Regiment 9th Battalion, East Surrey Regiment 8th Battalion, Royal West Kent Regiment 1st Battalion, North Staffordshire Regiment 73rd Brigade 9th Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment 7th Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment 13th Battalion, Middlesex Regiment 2nd Battalion, Leinster Regiment Engineers and Support: 12th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters Regiment

Order of battle for actions associated with holding Delville Wood: 4 September 1916 – April 1917

14th (Light) Division[3] Commander: Major-General V. A. Couper Infantry: 41st Brigade 7th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 8th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 7th Battalion, Rifle Brigade 8th Battalion, Rifle Brigade 42nd Brigade 5th Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry 5th Battalion, King's Shropshire Light Infantry 9th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps 9th Battalion, Rifle Brigade 43rd Brigade 6th Battalion, Somerset Light Infantry Regiment 6th Battalion, Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry 6th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry 10th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry Regiment Engineers and Support: 11th Battalion, King's Regiment (Pioneers)

Order of battle for actions associated with the second capture of Delville Wood: 1 – 28 August 1918

38th (Welsh) Division[11] Commander: Major-General I. Phillips then Major-General C. G. Blackader Infantry: 113th Brigade 13th Bn, (1st North Wales), Royal Welsh Fusiliers 14th Bn, Royal Welsh Fusiliers 15th Bn, (1st London Welsh), Royal Welsh Fusiliers 16th Bn, Royal Welsh Fusiliers 114th Brigade 10th Battalion (1st Rhondda), Royal Welsh Regiment 13th Battalion (2nd Rhondda), Royal Welsh Regiment 15th Battalion (Carmarthenshire), Royal Welsh Regiment 14th Battalion (Swansea), Royal Welsh Regiment 115th Brigade 17th Bn, (2nd North Wales), Royal Welsh Fusiliers 10th Bn, (1st Gwent), South Wales Borderers 11th Bn, (2nd Gwent), South Wales Borderers 16th Bn, (Cardiff City), Royal Welsh Regiment Engineers and Support: 19th Battalion (Glamorgan Pioneers), Royal Welsh Regiment

South African casualties

1st South African Brigade: Casualties during the Battle of Delville Wood 14–20 July 1916[12]
Brigade / Unit	Unit strength 14 July			Killed			Wounded			Missing / POW			Died of wounds to October			Total Casualties			Effective unit strength after 20 July
	Off*	Other Ranks	Total	Off*	Other Ranks	Total	Off*	Other Ranks	Total	Off*	Other Ranks	Total	Off*	Other Ranks	Total	Off*	Other Ranks	Total	Off*	Other Ranks	Total
1st Battalion	31	748	779	7	108	115	17	346	363	2	73	75	1	29	30	27	556	583	4	192	196
2nd Battalion	28	669	697	11	95	106	12	373	385	0	92	92	3	25	28	26	585	611	2	84	86
3rd Battalion	29	847	876	8	120	128	15	403	418	6	225	231	0	30	30	29	778	807	0	69	69
4th Battalion	27	672	699	4	104	108	15	293	308	1	84	85	0	32	32	20	513	533	7	159	166
Other	8	96	104	0	0	0	2	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	2	6	96	102
Total	123	3,032	3,155	30	427	457	61	1,415	1,476	9	474	483	4	116	120	104	2,432	2,536	19	600	619

Note: * = Officers

German Forces

Order of battle for forces of the German Empire for actions in Trônes Wood, Longueval and Delville Wood: 14 July – 3 September 1916

3rd Guard Division [13] Commander: Generalmajor von Lindequist Infantry: Garde–Infanterie–Brigade Nr. 6 Garde–Füsilier–Regiment Lehr Infantry Regiment Colbergsches-Grenadier-Regiment Graf Gneisenau Nr. 9 Cavalry: Garde Reserve Ulanen Regiment Artillery: Garde–Artillerie–Brigade Nr. 63 Garde–Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr. 5 II.Bataillon/Reserve–Fußartillerie–Regiment Nr. 6 Engineers and Support: 1. Kompanie/Pionier–Bataillon Nr. 28 Pionier–Kompanie Nr. 274 Garde–Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr. 3 3rd Guards Telephone Detachment 5th Division [13] Commander: Generalleutnant Wichura Infantry: Infanterie–Brigade (Brandenburgisches) Nr. 10 Grenadier–Regiment Nr. 8 Infanterie–Regiment von Alvensleben (6. Brandenburgisches) Nr. 52 Grenadier–Regiment Prinz Karl von Preußen (2. Brandenburgisches) Nr. 12 Field Machine Gun Company Cavalry: 1/2" Husaren–Regiment von Zieten (Brandenburgisches) Nr. 3 Artillery: 5.Feldartillerie–Brigade (Brandenburgisches) Feldartillerie–Regiment General–Feldzeugmeister (2. Brandenburgisches) Nr. 18 Neumärkisches Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr. 54 Engineers and Support: 1./Pionier–Bataillon von Rauch (1. Brandenb.) Nr. 3 3./Pionier–Bataillon von Rauch (1. Brandenburgisches) Nr. 3 Minenwerfer–Kompanie (Brandenburg) Nr. 5 5th Brandenburg Telephone Detachment 5th Bavarian Division [14] Commander: Generalleutnant Endres Infantry: 9. bayerische Infanterie–Brigade Kgl. Bayerisches 14. Infanterie–Regiment Hartmann Kgl. Bayerisches 21. Infanterie–Regiment Großherzog von Mecklenburg–Schwerin 10. bayerische Infanterie–Brigade Kgl. Bayerisches 7. Infanterie–Regiment Prinz Leopold ment Kgl. Bayerisches 19. Infanterie–Regiment König Viktor Emanuel III. von Italien Cavalry: Kgl. Bayerisches 2. Chevaulegers–Regiment (2 Sqn's) Artillery: 5. bayerische Feldartillerie–Brigade Kgl. Bayerisches 6. Feldartillerie–Regiment Prinz Ferdinand von Bourbon, Herzog von Calab Kgl. Bayerisches 10. Feldartillerie–Regiment Flugabwehrkanone–Abteilung (Anti–Aircraft section) Engineers and Support: Minenwerfer–Kompanie (Bayerisches) Nr. 5 1 & 4.Kompanie/Kgl. Bayerisches 3. Pionier–Bataillon 5th Bavarian Pont. Engineers 5th Bavarian Telephone Detachment 84th Labour Battalion 1st Bavarian Balloon Squadron 7th Division [13] Commander: Generalleutnant Riedel Infantry: 13. Infanterie–Brigade Infanterie–Regiment Fürst Leopold von Anhalt–Dessau (1. Magdeburgisches) Nr.26 Cavalry: 2.Eskadron/Magdeburgisches Husaren–Regiment Nr. 10 Artillery: Artillerie–Kommandeur 7 Feldartillerie–Regiment Prinz–Regent Luitpold von Bayern (Magdeburgisches) Nr. 4 Altmärkisches Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr. 40 Engineers and Support: 1./Magdeburgisches Pionier–Bataillon Nr. 4. 7 Pont Engineers 7th Telephone Detachment 8th Division [13] Commander: General der Infanterie Ernst II. Herzog von Sachsen–Altenburg Infantry: 15. Infanterie–Brigade Altenburger Regiment 8. Thüringisches Infanterie–Regiment Nr. 93 16. Infanterie–Brigade Thüringische Infanterie–Regiment Nr.72 Thüringisches Infanterie–Regiment Nr. 153 Cavalry: "1/2" Magdeburgisches Husaren–Regiment Nr. 10 Artillery: 8. Feldartillerie–Brigade Torgauer Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr.74 Mansfelder Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr.75 Engineers and Support: Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr. 8 2./Magdeburgisches Pionier–Bataillon Nr. 4 3./Magdeburgisches Pionier–Bataillon Nr. 4 8th Telephone Detachment 10th Bavarian Division [14] Commander: Generalmajor Burkhardt Infantry: 20. bayerische Infanterie–Brigade Königlich Bayerische 16. Infanterie–Regiment Grossherzog Ferdinand von Toskana Bayerische 6. Reserve–Infanterie–Regiment Bayerische 8. Reserve–Infanterie–Regiment Cavalry: Bayerische 5. Kavallerie–Regiment Artillery: 10. bayerische Feldartillerie–Brigade Bayerisches 19. Feldartillerie–Regiment Bayerisches 20. Feldartillerie–Regiment Engineers and Support: Minenwerfer–Kompanie (Bayerisches) Nr. 10 20 Kompanie Nr. 4 (Bayerisches) Pionier–Bataillon 10th Pont. Engineers 10th Telephone Detachment 12th Reserve Division [14] Commander: Generalmajor von Kehler Infantry: 22. Reserve–Infanterie–Brigade Remains of the Infanterie–Regiment von Winterfeldt (2. Oberschlesisches) Nr.23 Fusilier–Regiment Feldmarschall Graf Moltke (1.Schlesisches) Nr.38 (Ehrenstein–Riebel Bn) Cavalry: Reserve–Ulanen–Regiment Nr. 4 Artillery: Reserve–Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr. 12 7. & 32. Flugabwehrkanone–Abteilung (Anti–Aircraft sections) Engineers and Support: Reserve Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr. 212 1.Reserve–Kompanie/Pionier–Bataillon Nr. 6 2.Reserve–Kompanie/Pionier–Bataillon Nr. 6 12th Reserve Telephone Detachment 8. bayerische Arbeit–Bataillon 17th Reserve Division [14] Commander: Generalmajor von Zieten Infantry: 33rd Reserve Brigade Reserve Infanterie Regiment Nr.75 Schleswig–Holsteinisches Infanterie Regiment Nr. 163 Cavalry: Reserve Hussar Regiment Nr. 4 Artillery: 17th Reserve Feldartillerie–Regiment (10 Bty's) Engineers and Support: 4 Field Co 2.Pion Bn Nr. 9 Pionier Kompanie Nr. 340 Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr.217 17 Res Pont Engineers 24th Saxon Reserve Division [14] Commander: Generalmajor Morgenstern–Doring Infantry: Königlich Sächsische Reserve Infanterie Regiment Nr. 104 Königlich Sächsische Reserve Infanterie Regiment Nr. 107 Königlich Sächsische Reserve Infanterie Regiment Nr. 133 Cavalry: Kgl. Sächs. Reserve-Ulanen-Regiment (3x Sqn) Artillery: 24th Reserve Feldartillerie–Regiment (6 Bty's) 40th Reserve Feldartillerie–Regiment (6 Bty's) Engineers and Support: 3 Res Co 12.Pion Bn Reserve Pionier Kompanie Nr.4 Pionier Battalion Nr. 12 Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr.224 24 Res Pont Engineers 24 Res Tele Detach 26th Division [13] Commander: Generalleutenant Herzog Wilhelm von Urach Infantry: Grenadier–Regiment Königin Olga (1. Württembergisches) Nr.119 Infanterie Regiment Kaiser Friedrich, König von Preußen (7. Württembergisches) Nr.125 Infanterie Regiment Alt–Württemberg (3. Württembergisches) Nr.121 Cavalry: Uhlan Regiment Nr.20 (3 x Sqn) Artillery: Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr.29 Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr.65 Engineers and Support: Feldt–Pionier Kompanie Nr.1 and 5 Feldt–PionierBattalion Nr. 13 Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr.26 26 Pont Engineers 26 Tele Detach 56th Division [13] Commander: Generalmajor von Wichmann Infantry: Fusilier–Regiment Prinz Heinrich von Preußen (1. Brandenburgisches) Nr.35 2. Nassauisches Infanterie–Regiment Nr.88 Infanterie Regiment Prinz Carl (4.Großherzoglich Hessisches) Nr. 118 Cavalry: Uhlan Regiment Nr.17 (1 x Sqn) Artillery: 56. Feldartillerie–Brigade Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr.111 Feldartillerie–Regiment Nr.112 Engineers and Support: Feldt–Pionier Kompanie Nr.111 Feldt–Pionier Kompanie Nr.112 Feldt–Pionier Kompanie Nr.6 PionsierBattalion Nr. 26 Minenwerfer–Kompanie Nr.56

Footnotes

German trench Delville Wood, September 1916

1. GPSO 2010, pp. 99–111.
2. Miles 1992, pp. 90–100, 102–112, 136–141, 149–156, 178–185, 190–196, 262–270.
3. Miles 1994, p. 109.
4. Liddle 2001, p. 186.
5. Miles 1994, p. 107.
6. Ewing 2009, pp. 397–399.
7. Wyrall 1921, p. 246.
8. Liddle 2001, p. 187.
9. Moorhouse 2003, p. 267.
10. Miles 1994, p. 111.
11. Miles 1994, p. 113.
12. Uys 1991, pp. 194–198.
13. Miles 1994, p. 118.
14. Miles 1994, p. 119.

References

Memorial, South African Brigade Headquarters, Delville Wood.

• Ewing, J. (2009) [1921]. The History of the Ninth (Scottish) Division 1914–1919 (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: John Murray. ISBN 978-1-84342-190-0.
• Liddle, P. (2001) [1992]. The 1916 Battle of the Somme. London: Pen & Sword Books. ISBN 978-1-84022-240-1.
• Miles, W. (1992) [1938]. Military Operations in France and Belgium 1916: 2 July to the End of the Battles of the Somme. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-89839-169-5.
• Miles, W. (1994) [1938]. Military Operations, France and Belgium 1916: Maps and Appendices. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. II (Imperial War Museum & Battery Press ed.). London: Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-89839-207-4.
• Moorhouse, B. (2003). Forged by Fire: The Battle Tactics and Soldiers of a World War One Battalion, The 7th Somerset Light Infantry (1st ed.). Staplehurst: Spellmount. ISBN 978-0-89839-207-4.
• The Union of South Africa and the Great War 1914–1918: Official History (Imperial War Museum and Naval & Military Press ed.). Pretoria: Government Print and Stationery Office. 1924. ISBN 978-0-89839-207-4. OCLC 16795056.
• Uys, I. (1991). Rollcall: The Delville Wood Story. Germiston: Uys Publishers. ISBN 978-0-9583173-1-3.
• Wyrall, E. (1921). The History of the Second Division, 1914–1918. Vol. II. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons. OCLC 869415401.

Further reading

Books

• Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914–1918). Washington: US Army, American Expeditionary Forces, Intelligence Section. 1920. ISBN 978-5-87296-917-4. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
• Uys, I. (1983). Delville Wood. Johannesburg: Uys Publishers. ISBN 978-0-620-06611-2.

Journals

• Uys, I. (December 1986). "South Africans at Delville Wood". South African Military History Journal. 7 (2). South African Military History Society/Die Suid-Afrikaanse Krygshistoriese Vereniging. ISSN 0026-4016. Retrieved 5 August 2013.

External links

• German situation maps, 14, 31 July