Comparison of orbital launcher families

This article compares different orbital launcher families (launchers which are significantly different from other members of the same 'family' have separate entries). The article is organized into two tables: the first contains a list of currently active and under-development launcher families, while the second contains a list of retired launcher families.

A Saturn V rocket, one of the most powerful operational launch vehicles to date

The related article "Comparison of orbital launch systems" lists each individual launcher system within any given launcher family, categorized by its current operational status.

Description

• Family: Name of the family/model of launcher
• Country: Origin country of launcher
• Manufac.: Main manufacturer
• Payload: Maximum mass of payload, for 3 altitudes
  • LEO, low Earth orbit
  • GTO, geostationary transfer orbit
  • TLI, trans-Lunar injection
• Cost: Price for a launch at this time, in millions of US$
• Launches reaching...
  • Total: Flights which lift-off, or where the vehicle is destroyed during the terminal count
    Note: only includes orbital launches (flights launched with the intention of reaching orbit). Suborbital tests launches are not included in this listing.
  • Space (regardless of outcome): Flights which reach approximately 100 km or more above Earth's surface.
  • Any orbit (regardless of outcome): Flights which achieve at least one complete orbit even if the orbit differs from the targeted orbit.
  • Target orbit (without damage to the payload)
• Status: Actual status of launcher (retired, development, active)
• Date of flight
  • First: Year of first flight of first family member
  • Last (if applicable): Year of Last flight (for vehicles retired from service)
• Refs: citations

Same cores are grouped together (like Ariane 1, 2 & 3, but not V).

List of active and under-development launcher families

Legend

  Active or undergoing orbital test flights

  Under-development

Family		Country	Manufac.	Payload (kg)			Cost (US$, millions)	Launches reaching...				Status	Date of flight		Notes	Refs
				LEO	GTO	TLI		Total	Space	Any orbit	Target orbit		First	Last
Agnibaan		IND	AgniKul Cosmos	100	--	--	--					Devel.	NET 2023		Expected launch in 2022
Alpha		USA	Firefly Aerospace	1,000	—	—	--	5[lower-alpha 1]	4	4	2	Active	2021			[1]
Angara		RUS	Khrunichev	3,800–​35,000	3,600–​12,500	--	--	7[lower-alpha 2]	7	7	6	Active	2014			[2][3]
Antares		USA	Orbital ATK	8,000	--	--	80[citation needed]	18[lower-alpha 3]	17	17	17	Active[lower-alpha 4]	2013		Cygnus launcher. Var.: 110, 120, 130, 230, 230+, 330	[4][5][6]
Ariane 6		EU	ArianeGroup	21,650 (A64 var.)	11,500+ (A64 var.)	8,500 (A64 var.)	115	1[lower-alpha 5]	1	1	1	Active	2024		Var.: Ariane 62, Ariane 64.	[7]
Astra Rocket		USA	Astra	50–​150 (to SSO)	—	—	--	7[lower-alpha 6]	4	2	2	Active	2020		2 suborbital test launches in 2018.	[8]
Atlas V		USA	ULA	18,850	8,900	2,807	109–​153	101[lower-alpha 7]	101	101	101	Active[lower-alpha 8]	2002	2029 (planned)	Launched Juno & New Horizons	[9][10]
Blue Whale 1		ROK	Perigee Aerospace	170 (to SSO)	--	--	--	0				Devel.	NET 2024			[11]
Ceres-1		CHN	Galactic Energy	400 (LEO) 300 (SSO)	--	--	--	15[lower-alpha 9]	14	14	14	Active	2020		Var.: Ceres-1, Ceres-1S	[12][13]
Chollima-1		DPRK	NADA	~300	--	--	--	4[lower-alpha 10]	2	1	1	Active	2023		UDMH/N2O4 fueled carrier	[14]
Cyclone-4M		UKR	Yuzhnoye Yuzhmash	5,000	1,000	--	--	0				Devel.	unknown			[15]
Darwin-1		CHN	Rocket Pi	300	--	--	--	0				Devel.	NET 2024		methalox launcher	[16]
Electron		NZ  USA	Rocket Lab	225			6	53[lower-alpha 11]	53	49	49	Active	2017			[17]
Epsilon		JPN	IHI Corporation	1,200	--	--	--	6[lower-alpha 12]	6	5	5	Active	2013			[18][19]
Eris		AUS	Gilmour Space Technologies	305	--	--	--	0				Devel.	NET 2023			[20]
Falcon	Falcon 9	USA	SpaceX	22,800	8,300	--	61.2	390[lower-alpha 13][lower-alpha 14]	388	388	387	Active	2010		Var.: v1.0, v1.1,[lower-alpha 15] FT,[lower-alpha 16] Block 4, Block 5. Launcher of crewed Dragon capsule.
	Falcon Heavy	USA	SpaceX	63,800	26,700	--	90–​150	11[lower-alpha 17]	11	11	11	Active	2018		First test launch 2018-02-06	[23][24][25]
Gravity-1		CHN	Orienspace	6,500 (LEO) 3,700 (700 km SSO)	--	--	--	1[lower-alpha 18]	1	1	1	Active	2024		largest solid launcher (3rd stage can be solid/kerolox)	[16][26]
Gravity-2		CHN	Orienspace	25,600 (LEO) 19,100 (SSO)	7,700	--	--	0				Devel.	2025		kerolox (core), solid (boosters); reusable 1st stage	[26]
GSLV Mark II		IND	ISRO	5,000	2,700	--	--	10[lower-alpha 19]	9	8	8	Active	2010			[27][28][29]
H-II, IIA & IIB		JPN	Mitsubishi	19,000	8,000	--	(190), 90, 112	65[lower-alpha 20]	64	63	62	Active	1994		Var.: A202, A2022, A2024, A204, B	[30]
H3		JPN	Mitsubishi	4,000–28,300 (base-heavy)	7,900–14,800 (base-heavy)	11,900 (heavy)		4[lower-alpha 21]	4	3	3	Active	2023		Var.: 30S, 22S, 32L, 24L, heavy[31][32]	[32]
Hyperbola-1		CHN	i-Space	300	--	--		7[lower-alpha 22]	5	3	3	Active	2019			[33]
Hyperbola-3		CHN	i-Space	8,500–13,400	--	--		0				Devel.	2025		VTVL	[34]
Jielong 1		CHN	CALT	200 (SSO)	--	--		1[lower-alpha 23]	1	1	1	Active	2019			[35]
Jielong 3		CHN	CALT	1,500 (500 km SSO)	--	--	--	4[lower-alpha 24]	4	4	4	Active	2022			[36][37]
KAIROS		JPN	Space One	250 150 (SSO)	--	--		1[lower-alpha 25]	0	0	0	Active	2024			[38]
Kuaizhou (DF-21)		CHN	CASIC	400 (KZ-1A)	--	--	--	32[lower-alpha 26][lower-alpha 27]	31[lower-alpha 28]	29	29	Active	2013		Var.: KZ-1, KZ-1A, KZ-11; (KZ-21 under development)	[39][40]
				1,500 (KZ-11)	--	--
LauncherOne		USA	Virgin Orbit	300 (SSO)	--	--	--	6[lower-alpha 29]	5	4	4	Susp.[lower-alpha 30]	2020			[41]
Lijian-1 (Kinetica-1)		CHN	CAS Space	1,500 (500 km SSO)	--	--	--	4[lower-alpha 31]	4	4	4	Active	2022		solid fueled carrier	[36][16]
Lijian-2 (Kinetica-2)		CHN	CAS Space	12,000 (LEO) 7800 (SSO)	--	--	--	0				Devel.	2025		kerolox LV. reusable 1st stage	[42][43]
Long March 2–3–4 (DF-5)		CHN	CALT+SAST	12,000	5,500	3,300		471[lower-alpha 32][lower-alpha 33]	465[lower-alpha 34]	462	454	Active	1971	See notes	Var.: 2A, 2C, 2D, 2E, 2F,[lower-alpha 35] 3, 3A, 3B, 3B/E, 3C, 4A, 4B, 4C. See [lower-alpha 36] for retired var. among those listed here.	[45]
Long March 5		CHN	CALT	--	14,000 (CZ-5)	8,000 (CZ-5)	--	12[lower-alpha 37]	12	11	11	Active	2016		Var.: CZ-5	[46][47]
				25,000 (CZ-5B)	--	--									Var.: CZ-5B
CZ 6–7–8 family	Long March 6	CHN	SAST	1,500 (LEO) 1,080 (700 lm SSO)	--	--	--	22[lower-alpha 38]	22	22	22	Active	2015		Var.: 6	[48][49]
				4,500 (700 km SSO)	--	--									Var.: 6A
				2,400 (500 km SSO)	--	--									Var.: 6C
	Long March 7	CHN	CALT	14,000	--	--	--	16[lower-alpha 39]	15	15	15	Active	2016		Var.: 7	[50][51][52]
				--	7,000	--									Var.: 7A
	Long March 8	CHN	CALT	4,500 (SSO)	2,800	> 1,200	--	3[lower-alpha 40]	3	3	3	Active	2020		Var.: 8, 8A	[51][53][54]
Long March 9		CHN	CALT	150,000	--	50,000	--	0				Devel.	2033		partly-reusable Super-Heavy carrier	[53][55]
Long March 10		CHN	CALT	70,000 (CZ-10)[56]	--	27,000 (CZ-10)[55]	--	0				Devel.	2026		Human-rated Var.: 10 (3-core, TLI)	[57][58][56][55][59]
				14,000 (CZ-10A, reusable)	--	--									Human-rated Var.: 10A (1-core, LEO, partly reusable)
				18,000 (CZ-10A, expendable)	--	--									Human-rated Var.: 10A (1-core, LEO, expendable)
Long March 11		CHN	CALT	1,000	--	--	--	17[lower-alpha 41]	17	17	17	Active	2015		Likely based on DF-31 missile	[60]
Long March 12		CHN	SAST	12,000 (LEO); 6,000 (700 km SSO)	--	--	--	0				Devel.	2024		kerolox LV 3.8 metres diameter	[61][62][63]
LVM 3		IND	ISRO	10,000	4,000	2,180	--	6[lower-alpha 42] [lower-alpha 43]	6	6	6	Active	2014			[64][65]
Maia		FRA	MaiaSpace	500 (SSO)	--	--		0				Devel.	2025		Planned first stage reuse	[66]
Minotaur I		USA	Orbital ATK	580	--	--	--	12[lower-alpha 44]	12	12	12	Active	2000		Derived from the Minuteman II	[67][68]
Minotaur IV & V		USA	Orbital ATK	1,735	640	447	50	8[lower-alpha 45]	8	8	8	Active	2010		Also 2 suborbital launches (HTV-2a). Var.: IV, IV Lite, IV HAPS, V. Derived from Peacekeeper missile	[67][69]
Miura 5		ESP	PLD Space	900	--	--		0				Devel.	NET 2024			[70]
MLV		USA	Firefly Aerospace	14,000	--	--	--	0				Devel.	2025			[71]
Nebula-1		CHN	Deep Blue Aerospace	1,000	--	--		0				Devel.	2024		VTVL (first stage)	[72]
Nebula-2		CHN	Deep Blue Aerospace	20,000	--	--		0				Devel.	2025		kerolox; VTVL (first stage)	[73]
Neutron		NZ  USA	Rocket Lab	15,000	--	2,000	50	0				Devel.	2024			[74]
New Glenn		USA	Blue Origin	45,000	13,000	--		0				Devel.	NET 2024			[75]
New Line 1		CHN	LinkSpace	200 (SSO)	--	--		0				Devel.	unknown			[76]
NGLV		IND	ISRO	20,000	10,000	--	--	0				Devel.	unknown			[77]
Nuri		ROK	KARI	1,500	--	--		3[lower-alpha 46]	3	2	2	Active	2021			[78][79]
OS-M		CHN	OneSpace	205 (M1)	--	--	--	1[lower-alpha 47]	0	0	0	Active	2019		Var.: M1, M2, M4. Single M1 failed launch; M2 & M4 in development.	[80]
Pallas-1		CHN	Galactic Energy	5,000 3,000 (SSO)	--	--	--	0				Devel.	Nov. 2024		kerolox LV with reusable 1st stage	[81][43]
Pegasus		USA	Orbital ATK	450	--	--	--	45[lower-alpha 48]	44	42	40	Active	1990			[82]
Pioneer-1 (aka Yuanxingzhe-1 or XZY-1)		CHN	Arrowhead Technology/Space Epoch	6,500 (1,100 km LEO)	--	--		0				Devel.	2025		first stage recovery via ocean landing	[83][84]
Prime		UK	Orbex	150 (SSO)	--	--	--	0				Devel.	NET 2023			[85][86]
Proton (UR-500)		USSR  RUS	Khrunichev	23,000	6,920	5,680	65 (Proton-M)	430[lower-alpha 49]			382	Active	1965		Var.: K, M, Medium in development.	[87][88][89]
PSLV		IND	ISRO	3,800	1,200	550	--	60[lower-alpha 50]	59	58	57	Active	1993		Var.: CA, XL, QL, DL Launched moon probe Chandrayaan I, Mars probe Mangalyaan I	[90][91]
Qaem-100		IRN	IRGC	80	--	--	--	3[lower-alpha 51]	3	2	2	Active	2023		also one successful suborbital launch	[92]
Qased		IRN	IRGC	~50	--	--	--	3[lower-alpha 52]	3	3	3	Active	2020			[93][94]
RFA One		Germany	Rocket Factory Augsburg	1,300	450	--	--	0				Devel.	2024		1st stage combustion in Europe, Orbital Stage.	[citation needed][95][96][97][98]
Rokot/Strela (UR-100N)		RUS	Eurockot Khrunichev	2,100	--	--	--	37[lower-alpha 53]	36	35	35	Active	1994		34 Rokot launches (no launches post-2019 due to Ukrainian tech ban); 3 Strela launches.	[99][100][101][102]
RS1		USA	ABL Space Systems	1,200	--	--	12	1[lower-alpha 54]	0	0	0	Active	2023			[103]
Shavit		ISR	IAI	225	--	--	15	12[lower-alpha 55]	10	10	10	Active	1988		Var.: Shavit, -1, -2	[104]
Simorgh		IRN	ISA	350	--	--	--	6[lower-alpha 56]	6	1	1	Active	2016			[105]
SK solid fueled TV2		ROK	MND	> 100	--	--	--	1[lower-alpha 57]	1	1	1	Active	2023		solid fueled launch vehicle	[106]
SLS		USA	Orbital ATK Boeing United Launch Alliance Aerojet Rocketdyne	95,000–​130,000	--	27,000–​46,000	--	1[lower-alpha 58]	1	1	1	Active	2022		Var.: Block 1, Block 1B, Block 2	[107][108]
Soyuz		USSR  RUS	RSC Energia TsSKB-Progress	8,200	2,400	1,200	--	1,992[lower-alpha 59]	[lower-alpha 60]		1,867[lower-alpha 61]	Active	1957		Var.: Sputnik, Luna, Vostok-L, Vostok-K, Voskhod, Molniya, Molniya-L, Molniya-M, Polyot, Soyuz, Soyuz-L, Soyuz-M, Soyuz-U, Soyuz-FG, Soyuz-2, Soyuz-2-1v	[109][110]
SS-520		JPN	IHI Aerospace	4	--	--	--	2[lower-alpha 62]	2	1	1	Active	2017		2 successful suborbital flights and 2 orbital flights (one success). A test of how small orbital rockets can be. The rocket has a mass of only 2.6 tonnes.	[111]
SSLV		IND	ISRO	500	300	--	--	3[lower-alpha 63]	3	2	2	Active	2022
Starship		USA	SpaceX	250,000 (expendable) [better source needed]	40,000 [better source needed]	100,000+ (With in-orbit refueling) [better source needed]	--	5[lower-alpha 64][lower-alpha 65]	4	0	0	test flights	2023		1st flight intended a TAO orbit; 3rd flight suborbital	[112][113][114][115][116]
				150,000 (reusable) [better source needed]
Start-1 (RT-2PM)		RUS	MITT	532	--	--	--	7[lower-alpha 66]	6	6	6	Active	1993			[117]
Taurus / Minotaur-C		USA	Orbital Sciences	1,450	--	--	--	9[lower-alpha 67]	9	6	6	Active	1989		Var.: 2110, 3110, 3210	[118]
Tianlong 2		CHN	Space Pioneer	2,000 (LEO) 1,500 (500 km SSO)	--	--		1[lower-alpha 68]	1	1	1	Active	2023		liquid fueled (kerolox) carrier	[119][120]
Tianlong 3		CHN	Space Pioneer	17,000 (LEO) 14,000 (500 km SSO)	--	--		0				Devel.	2024		kerolox with reusable 1st stage	[120][121]
Tronador		ARG	CONAE	500								Devel.	2030
Unha		DPRK	KCST	200	--	--	--	4[lower-alpha 69]	3	2		Active	2006		Var.: Paektusan based on Taepodong-1 missile; Unha based on Taepodong-2 missile.	[122][123]
Vega		EU	Avio	2,300	--	--	23	24[lower-alpha 70]	23	21	21	Active	2012		Vega, Vega-C, Vega-E in-development.	[124]
Vikram		IND	Skyroot Aerospace	${\displaystyle \leq }$720	--	--		0				Devel.	NET 2023		Var.: Vikram 1, Vikram II, Vikram III	[125]
VLM		BRA	CTA	150	--	--	--	0				Devel.	NET 2025			[126][127][128]
Vulcan		USA	ULA	17,800–​34,900	7,400–​16,300	--	99	2[lower-alpha 71]	2	2	2	Active	2024			[129][non-primary source needed][130][131][132]
Yenisei		RUS	TsSKB-Progress RSC Energia	88,000–​115,000		20,000-27,000		0				Devel.	NET 2032			[133][134][135][136]
Zenit		USSR  UKR  RUS	Yuzhnoye	13,740	6,160	4,098	--	84[lower-alpha 72]		74	72	Active	1985		Var.: 2, 2M (2SB, 2SLB), 3SL, 3SLB, 3SLBF	[137]
Zephyr		FRA	Latitude	100	--	--		0				Devel.	2025			[138]
Zero		JPN	Interstellar Technologies	100 (SSO)	--	--		0				Devel.	2023			[139]
Zhuque-2		CHN	LandSpace	6,000 (LEO) 4000 (500 km SSO)[140]	--	--		3[lower-alpha 73]	3	2	2	Active	2022		1st methalox LV to reach: space (2022), orbit (2023), orbit with payload (12/2023)	[36][140]
Zhuque-3		CHN	LandSpace	21,000 (expendable)	--	--		0				Devel.	2025		methalox LV with reusable 1st stage; stainless steel body	[141]
				12,500–18,300 (1st stage recovered)
Zuljanah		IRN	ISA	220[142]				0				Devel.	NET 2023		Two successful suborbital flights	[143][142]

List of retired launcher families

Legend

  Retired

Family	Country	Manufac.	Payload (kg)			Cost (US$, millions)	Launches reaching...				Status	Date of flight		Notes	Refs
			LEO	GTO	TLI		Total	Space	Any orbit	Target orbit		First	Last
Ariane 1-2-3	EU	Aérospatiale	—	2,650	—	--	28				Retired	1979	1989		[144][145]
Ariane 4	EU	Aérospatiale	7,000	4,720	—	--	116				Retired	1988	2003	Var.: 40, 42P, 42L, 44P, 44L, 44LP	[145]
Ariane 5	EU	Airbus	21,000	10,735[146]	—	165–​220	117	115	115	112	Retired	1996	2023	Var.: G, G+, GS, ECA, ES.	[147][148][149]
ASLV	IND	ISRO	150	--	--	--	4				Retired	1987	1994		[150]
Athena I & II	USA	Lockheed ATK	2,065	--	295	--	7				Retired	1995	2001	Launch Lunar Prospector.[151]	[152]
Atlas I (Atlas A-B-C-D-E-F-G)	USA	Lockheed	5,900	2,340	--	--	514				Retired	1957	1997	Launch Mercury. Atlas or Centaur upper stage.	[153][154][155][156]
Atlas II	USA	Lockheed	8,618	3,833	--	--	63	63	63		Retired	1991	2004		[157][158][159]
Atlas III	USA	Lockheed	10,759	4,609	--	--	6	6	6		Retired	2003	2005	Var.: IIIA, IIIB	[160][161]
Black Arrow	UK	RAE Westland	132	--	--	--	4	3			Retired	1969	1971		[162]
Delta	USA	Douglas	3,848	1,312	--	--	186				Retired	1960	1989	Launched Pioneer & Explorer probes. Var. A, B, C, D, E, G, J, L, M, N, 300, 900, 1X00, 4X00, 2X00, 3X00, 5X00	[163]
Delta II	USA	ULA	6,000	2,171	1,508	51	153	152	152	151	Retired	1989	2018	Launched Mars probes MGS to Phoenix Var.: 6000, 7000, and Heavy.	[163][164][165]
Delta III	USA	Boeing	8,290	3,810	--	--	3	2	2		Retired	1998	2000		[166][167]
Delta IV	USA	ULA	23,040	13,130	9,000	--	45	45	45	44	Retired	2002	2024	Var.: M, M+, and Heavy.	[168]
Diamant	FRA	SEREB	160	--	--	--	12			9	Retired	1965	1975		[citation needed]
Dnepr (R-36M)	UKR  RUS	Yuzhmash	3,600	--	750	14	17				Retired	1999	2015		[169][170][171]
Energia	USSR	NPO Energia	100,000	20,000	32,000	240 (Energia−Buran)	2	2	1	1	Retired	1987	1988	1 partial failure with Polyus spacecraft, 1 successful flight with Buran shuttle.	[172][citation needed]
Falcon 1	USA	SpaceX	420[173]	--	--	7.9[173]	5[174]	4[173]	2[173]	2[174]	Retired[173]	2006	2009
Feng Bao 1 (DF-5)	CHN	SAST	2,500	--	--	--	8			4	Retired	1972	1981	3 successful suborbital flights	[175]
GSLV Mark I	IND	ISRO	5,000	2,500	--	--	6	4	2	2	Retired	2001	2010		[27][28][29]
H-I	JPN	Mitsubishi	3,200		--	--	9	9			Retired	1986	1992	License-built version of the Thor-ELT	[176]
J-I	JPN	IHI Corporation Nissan Motors	880	--	--	--	1				Retired	1996	1996	Partial demonstration flight only	[citation needed]
Kosmos (R-12 & R-14)	USSR	Yuzhnoye Polyot	1,500	--	--	12	610			559	Retired	1967	2010	Var.: 1, 2, 3, 3M	[148][177][178]
Kaituozhe (DF-31)	CHN	CALT	800	--	--	--	3	1	1	1	Retired (likely)	2002	2017	Var.: KT-1, KT-2, KT2-A	[179]
Lambda 4S	JPN	Nissan ISAS	26	--	--	--	5			1	Retired	1966	1970		[citation needed]
Long March 1	CHN	CALT	300	--	--	--	2	2	2	2	Retired	1970	1971		[180][181][182]
Long March 1D	CHN	CALT	740	--	--	--	0				Retired	1995	2002	3 suborbital launches only (2 successful.)	[180][181][182]
Mu 1-3-4	JPN	Nissan Motor IHI	770	--	--	--	27				Retired	1966	1995	Var.: 1, 3D, 4S, 3C, 3H, 3S, 3SII	[183]
Mu 5	JPN	Nissan Motor IHI	1,800	--	--	--	7			6	Retired	1997	2006	Var.: M-V, M-V KM	[citation needed]
N1	USSR	NPO Energia	90,000	--	23,500	--	4	0	0	0	Retired	1969	1972	Designed for Soviet Manned Lunar Mission	[184]
N-I & II	JPN	Mitsubishi	2,000	730	--	--	15	15	15	14[lower-alpha 74]	Retired	1975	1987	Derived from the American Delta rocket	[185]
Naro	ROK	Khrunichev KARI	100	--	--	--	3	2	1	1	Retired	2009	2013	First stage uses the Russian RD-151 engine	[186]
Safir	IRN	ISA	50	--	--	--	8[lower-alpha 75]	5	4	4	Retired	2007	2019	Numbers given here may be in dispute	[187]
Saturn I & IB	USA	Chrysler Douglas	18,600	--	--	19	13	13	13	13	Retired	1961	1975	Saturn 1 family also included 6 suborbital test launches	[188][189]
Saturn V	USA	Boeing North American Douglas	118,000	--	47,000	185	13	13	13		Retired	1967	1973	Var.: Apollo, Skylab	[188][190][191]
Scout	USA	US Air Force NASA	210	--	--	--	125	104			Retired	1960	1994	Var.: X1, X2, A, D, G	[192]
Shtil'/Volna-O (R-29)	RUS	Makeyev	430	--	--	--	8[lower-alpha 76]	7	2	2	Retired (as commercial launchers)[193]	1995	2006	Var.: Volna, Shtil, 2.1, 2R, 3	[193]
SLV	IND	ISRO	40	--	--	--	4	3	3	2	Retired	1979	1983	Launched Rohini satellite series	[194]
STS (Space Shuttle)	USA	Alliant Martin Marietta Rockwell	24,400	3,810	--	450	135	134	134	133	Retired	1981	2011	Orbiter mass: 68585 kg.	[195]
Terran 1	USA	Relativity Space	1,250	--	--		1	1	0	0	Retired	2023	2023	anticipates 3-D printing most rocket parts	[196]
Thor	USA	Douglas	1,270	--	38	--	357				Retired	1957	1980	Launched Pioneer & Explorer probes	[163]
Titan II-(II GLV)-III-IV (LGM-25C)	USA	Martin Marietta	21,900	5,773	8,600	350	369				Retired	1959	2005	Var.: I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, IIID, IIIE, 34D, IVA, IVB Gemini launcher	[197][198]
Tsyklon (R-36)	USSR  UKR	Yuzhmash	4,100	--	--	--	259				Retired	1967	2009	Var.: 1, 2, 3.	[199]
Vanguard	USA	Martin	23	--	--	--	12		3		Retired	1957	1959		[200]
Zhuque-1	CHN	LandSpace	300	--	--		1	1	0	0	Retired	2018	2018		[201][202]

See also

• Comparison of orbital launch systems
• Comparison of orbital rocket engines
• Comparison of space station cargo vehicles
• List of orbital launch systems

Notes

1. Number of Alpha launches current as of 04 July 2024.
2. Number of Angara 1.2 + A5 launches current as of 17 September 2024.
3. Number of Antares launches current as of 02 August 2023.
4. The only currently available version, Antares 230+, has only one launch planned, in July 2023. After that, the development period will follow.
5. Number of Ariane 6 launches current as of 09 July 2024.
6. Number of Astra launches current as of 12 June 2022.
7. Number of Atlas V launches current as of 30 July 2024.
8. All remaining planned launches are sold.
9. Number of Ceres-1 launches current as of 29 August 2024.
10. Number of Chollima-1 launches current as of 27 May 2024.
11. Number of Electron launches current as of 20 September 2024.
12. Number of Epsilon launches current as of 12 October 2022.
13. Number of Falcon 9 launches are updated via manual input into "Template:Falcon rocket statistics". Said page was last updated on 30 October 2024.
14. One flight put primary but not secondary payload into correct orbit,^[21] one rocket and payload were destroyed before launch in preparation for static fire^{[22][non-primary source needed]} and thus is not counted.
15. Upgraded to version 1.1 in 2013.
16. Upgraded to version FT in 2015.
17. Falcon rocket statistics template page last updated on 30 October 2024.
18. Number of Gravity-1 launches current as of 11 January 2024.
19. Number of GSLV Mark II launches current as of 17 February 2024.
20. Number of H-II (all versions) launches current as of 26 September 2024.
21. Number of H3 launches current as of 04 November 2024.
22. Number of Hyperbola-1 launches current as of 10 July 2024.
23. Jielong 1 launch numbers current as of 17 August 2019.
24. Jielong 3 launch numbers current as of 24 September 2024.
25. Number of KAIROS launches current as of 13 March 2024.
26. Number of Kuaizhou launches current as of 20 September 2024.
27. Number of Kuaizhou launches excludes a successful suborbital test launch on 17 March 2012.
28. According to cited reference, a KZ-11 3rd stage failed to ignite during the launch on 10 July 2020; also, the KZ-1A launch on 12 September 2020 experienced a 4th-stage failure. Both launches likely reached space.
29. LauncherOne launch numbers current as of 9 January 2023.
30. The parent company suspended operations and declared bankruptcy
31. Lijian-1 launch numbers current as of 24 September 2024.
32. Number of Long March 2-3-4 launches current as of 29 October 2024.
33. The total number of launches in the CZ-2,3,4 series listed here does not include 6 possible launches [5 possilbe successes and 1 possible failure] of the CZ-2C (3) var. noted in reference.^[44]
34. Sources from List of Long March launches are unclear regarding whether 3 failed launches in the CZ-2,3,4 series reached space; thus the number quoted here is the minimum number of launches that reached space while the actual possible number could be greater than the quoted number by up to three.
35. CZ-2F is the crew-rated launcher for the Shenzhou spacecraft.
36. As of 21 February 2020, the following var. in the Long March 2-3-4 family of launchers have been retired: 2A, 2E, 3, 3B, and 4A.
37. Number of Long March 5 launches current as of 3 May 2024.
38. Number of Long March 6 launches current as of 22 October 2024.
39. Number of Long March 7 launches current as of 22 August 2024.
40. Number of Long March 8 launches current as of 20 March 2024.
41. Number of Long March 11 launches current as of 25 December 2023.
42. Number of GSLV LVM-3 launches current as of 14 July 2023.
43. LVM-3 launch numbers do not include one successful suborbital flight.
44. Number of Minotaur I launches current as of 15 June 2021.
45. Number of Minotaur IV and V launches current as of 15 July 2020.
46. Number of Nuri launches current as of 25 May 2023.
47. Number of OS-M launches current as of 27 March 2019.
48. Number of Pegasus launches current as of 13 June 2021.
49. Number of Proton launches current as of 12 March 2023.
50. Number of PSLV launches current as of 01 January 2024.
51. Number of Qaem-100 launches current as of 14 September 2024.
52. Number of Qased launches current as of 27 September 2023.
53. Number of Rokot+Strela launches current as of 26 December 2019.
54. Number of RS1 launches current as of 20 January 2023.
55. Number of Shavit launches current as of 28 March 2023
56. Number of Simorgh launches current as of 28 January 2024.
57. Number of TV2 launches current as of 04 December 2023.
58. Number of SLS launches current as of 16 November 2022.
59. Number of R-7 Semyorka/Soyuz launches current as of 04 November 2024.
60. Due to the existence of ICBM variants, suborbital flights, and the large total number of flights, the number of launches reaching space and those reaching any orbit are not given here in order to lessen the possible dissemination of inaccurate information.
61. The total number of launches and launch successes are taken from the R-7 Semyorka Wikipedia page.
62. Number of SS-520 launches current as of 3 February 2018.
63. Number of SSLV launches current as of 16 August 2024.
64. Number of Starship launches current as of 12 October 2024.
65. Starship test launches are intended as pseudo-orbital flights (may be considered as suborbital) and so are included in this list for now.
66. Number of Start-1/Start launches current as of 25 April 2006.
67. Number of Taurus/Minotaur-C launches current as of 31 October 2017.
68. Number of Tianlong-2 launches current as of 02 April 2023.
69. Number of Unha-2/Unha-3 launches current as of 7 February 2016.
70. Number of Vega (all versions) launches current as of 5 September 2024.
71. Number of Vulcan launches current as of 04 October 2024.
72. Number of Zenit launches current as of 26 December 2017.
73. Number of Zhuque-2 launches current as of 08 December 2023.
74. One N-I launch partially failed due to recontact between satellite and upper stage.
75. Number of Safir launches current as of 29 August 2019. Number of launches and possible outcomes are in dispute. See main page at Safir.
76. 5 of the 8 launches were suborbital (of which 2 failed); 3 of the 8 launches were intended for LEO (2 successes).^[193]

References

1. Clark, Steven (18 June 2019). "Firefly Offering Free Launch For Research and Education Payloads". SpaceFlightNow. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
2. "Angara launchers family on manufacturer website". Khrunichev.ru. Archived from the original on 2014-12-24. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
3. http://www.russianspaceweb.com/angara5_flight1.html Angara-5 takes to the sky
4. "Antares (Taurus-2)". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
5. "Antares – Fact Sheet" (PDF). Orbital Sciences. 2017. FS007 06 OA 3695 021317. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-02-13. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
6. "Antares Medium-class Launch Vehicle: Fact Sheet" (PDF). Orbital Sciences Corporation. 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 3, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
7. Lagier, Roland (March 2018). "Ariane 6 User's Manual Issue 1 Revision 0" (PDF). Arianespace. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
8. Astra scrubs DARPA launch challenge attempt. NASASpaceFlight.com
9. "Atlas V Product Page". United Launch Alliance. Archived from the original on 27 February 2016. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
10. "LRO/LCROSS Press Kit" (PDF). NASA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 October 2009. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
11. "Korean firm Perigee plans first South Australian rocket launch". 28 October 2019.
12. "Ceres-1". Gunter's Space page. Retrieved 2020-02-20.
13. Jones, Andrew (10 August 2023). "Chinese startup launches 7th Ceres-1 rocket, preps for first sea launch". SpaceNews. Retrieved 10 August 2023.
14. "Chollima-1". Gunter's Space page. Retrieved 2023-05-31.
15. Krebs, Gunter. "Tsiklon-4M (Cyclone-4M)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
16. Jones, Andrew (13 February 2023). "Launches of Chinese commercial rockets could double in 2023". spacenews.com. Retrieved 13 February 2023.
17. "Completed Missions". Rocket Lab. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
18. JAXA pages: Epsilon Design E Archived 2013-06-10 at the Wayback Machine, and Result E Archived 2013-12-11 at the Wayback Machine
19. JAXA, Epsilon E press package Archived 2014-04-07 at the Wayback Machine
20. "ERIS-S | ERIS-L". Gilmour Space Technologies. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
21. de Selding, Peter (12 October 2012). "Satellite Left Stranded by SpaceX Rocket Falls From Space". Space.com. Retrieved 6 September 2014.
22. "SpaceX on Twitter". Retrieved 2016-09-01.
23. Clark, Stephen (2011-04-05). "SpaceX enters the realm of heavy-lift rocketry". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 2012-08-12.
24. "Space Exploration Technologies Corporation - Falcon Heavy". SpaceX. 2013. Archived from the original on 2011-10-05. Retrieved 2013-04-20.
25. Sheetz, Michael. "Elon Musk says the new SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket crushes its competition on cost". CNBC. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
26. Jones, Andrew (11 January 2024). "Orienspace breaks Chinese commercial launch records with Gravity-1 solid rocket". spacenews.com. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
27. "GSLV Mk.1 (2)". Retrieved 2014-01-05.
28. ISRO GSLV Archived 2014-02-08 at the Wayback Machine
29. "GSLV". Retrieved 2014-01-05.
30. "H-IIB Launch Vehicle". Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09.
31. "H3 Launch Vehicle Brochure" (PDF).
32. Henry, Caleb (25 October 2019). "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries mulls upgraded H3 rocket variants for lunar missions". spacenews.com. Retrieved 26 September 2022.
33. Krebs, Gunter. "Shian Quxian-1 (SQX-1, Hyperbola-1)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 1 August 2019.
34. Jones, Andrew (2 November 2023). "China's iSpace launches and lands rocket test stage". spacenews.com. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
35. Krebs, Gunter. "Jielong-1 (Smart Dragon-1, SD 1)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
36. Jones, Andrew (6 July 2022). "New launch vehicles set for test flights from China's Jiuquan spaceport". SpaceNews. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
37. Krebs, Gunter. "Jielong-3 (Smart Dragon-3, SD 3)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 9 December 2022.
38. "Launch Vehicle". Space One. Retrieved 2 January 2024.
39. Krebs, Gunter. "Kuaizhou-1". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
40. Krebs, Gunter. "Kuaizhou-11". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
41. https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/05/25/virgin-orbits-air-launched-rocket-fails-on-first-test-flight/ - 25 May 2020
42. "Yinhe Hangtian - Lijian-2 (Y1) - Hainan CSLS - August?, 2025".
43. Jones, Andrew (11 December 2023). "China's reusable rocket race heats up with new hop test". spacenews.com. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
44. Gunter Dirk Krebs. "CZ-2 (Chang Zheng-2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
45. "DF-5 Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
46. "Long March 5 Will Have World's Second Largest Carrying Capacity". Space Daily. 2009-03-04. Retrieved 2012-09-04.
47. "China Tests Powerful Rocket Engine for New Booster". Space.com. 30 July 2012. The more capable Long March 5 rocket is expected to help the country achieve its goal of constructing a space station in orbit by the year 2020, as well as play a key role in China's future space exploration aims beyond low-Earth orbit. The rocket's maiden launch is expected to occur in 2014
48. "CZ-6 (Chang Zheng-6)". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
49. Jones, Andrew (7 May 2024). "China launches first Long March 6C rocket". spacenews.com. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
50. Perrett, Bradley (2010-03-15). "Longer Marches". Aviation Week.
51. Jones, Andrew (14 February 2020). "China prepares to launch new rockets as part of push to boost space program". space.com. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
52. Jones, Andrew (10 May 2023). "Tianzhou-6 cargo spacecraft reaches China's Tiangong space station". spacenews.com. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
53. Jones, Andrew (30 November 2020). "China pushes ahead with super-heavy-lift Long March 9". spacenews.com. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
54. Jones, Andrew (22 December 2020). "China launches first Long March 8 from Wenchang spaceport". spacenews.com. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
55. Jones, Andrew (9 November 2022). "China scraps expendable Long March 9 rocket plan in favor of reusable version". spacenews.com. Retrieved 9 November 2022.
56. Jones, Andrew (6 March 2022). "China wants its new rocket for astronaut launches to be reusable". space.com. Retrieved 7 March 2022.
57. Jones, Andrew (15 November 2021). "Chinese crewed moon landing possible by 2030, says senior space figure". spacenews.com. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
58. Jones, Andrew (17 December 2021). "China's new rocket for crewed moon missions to launch around 2026". spacenews.com. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
59. Jones, Andrew (27 February 2023). "China unveils lunar lander to put astronauts on the moon". spacenews.com. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
60. Krebs, Gunter. "CZ-11 (Chang Zheng-11)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
61. Jones, Andrew (26 February 2024). "China's 2024 space plans include 100 launches and moon sample return mission". spacenews.com. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
62. Jones, Andrew (22 August 2024). "China launches ChinaSat-4A communications satellite". spacenews.com. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
63. Krebs, Gunter. "CZ-12 (Chang Zheng-12)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
64. "First Experimental Flight of GSLV Mk-III Successful". Indian Space Research Organisation. Archived from the original on 2022-08-16. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
65. "GSLV Mk.III". Indian Space Research Organisation. 2009-12-07. Archived from the original on 2017-06-05. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
66. SAINT-MARTIN, Thierry (January 2022). "ArianeGroup is launching MaiaSpace - JEC Group". jeccomposites.com/. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
67. Orbital Sciences, Minotaur History Archived December 4, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
68. Orbital Sciences, Minotaur-1 Overview Archived 2014-10-30 at the Wayback Machine (accessed 25 September 2014)]
69. Orbital Sciences, Minotaur IV-V-VI Overview Archived 2014-07-16 at the Wayback Machine (accessed 25 September 2014)]
70. Henry, Caleb (28 November 2018). "PLD Space, after ESA input, doubles lift capacity of smallsat launcher". SpaceNews. Retrieved 29 November 2018.
71. "Medium Launch Vehicle". Firefly Aerospace. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
72. Jones, Andrew (7 May 2022). "Deep Blue Aerospace completes kilometer-level rocket launch and landing test". SpaceNews. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
73. Bell, Adrian (18 April 2024). "China Roundup: ZhuQue-3 moves left, Tianlong-3 gets engines, and Chang Zheng rockets launch". nasaspaceflight. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
74. "Launch Neutron". Rocket Lab. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
75. Foust, Jeff (8 March 2017). "Eutelsat first customer for Blue Origin's New Glenn". SpaceNews. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
76. Jeffrey Lin; P.W. Singer (18 December 2017). "China could become a major space power by 2050". Popular Science.
77. "ISRO eyes new generation launch vehicle for heavier payloads". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 2023-08-08.
78. Park, Si-soo (21 October 2021). "South Korea's 1st homegrown space rocket reaches space but fails to orbit dummy payload". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
79. "Korea Space Launch Vehicle (Nuri)". Korea Aerospace Research Institute. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
80. Clark, Stephen. "Chinese startup OneSpace fails in first orbital launch attempt – Spaceflight Now". Retrieved 2019-04-12.
81. Jones, Andrew (7 December 2021). "Chinese private firm Galactic Energy puts five satellites in orbit with second launch". spacenews.com. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
82. "Pegasus User's Guide" (PDF). Orbital Sciences Corporation. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
83. "Topic: ? – XZY-1 – ? – 2025". nasaspaceflight.com. 26 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
84. "China's Space Program Thread II, page 372, post#1075047". sinodefenceforum.com. 26 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2024.
85. Sampson, Ben (17 July 2020). "Re-usable and sustainable rocket to launch from UK spaceport". Aerospace Testing International. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
86. Foust, Jeff (18 July 2018). "Orbex stakes claim to European smallsat launch market". SpaceNews. Retrieved 4 September 2018.
87. "Proton Launch System Mission Planner's Guide. Section 2. LV Performance" (PDF). International Launch Services.
88. "Soyuz 7K-L1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2010-05-16. Circumlunar probe launched by Proton-K/D.
89. Surplus Missile Motors (PDF) (Report). United States Government Accountability Office. August 2017. GAO-17-609. Retrieved 27 November 2018.
90. Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
91. "PSLV – ISRO". isro.gov.in. Archived from the original on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
92. "Qaem-100". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
93. "Qased". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
94. Clark, Stephen (2020-04-22). "Iran places military satellite in orbit". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 2020-04-28.
95. Federation, International Astronautical. "IAF : RFA - Rocket Factory Augsburg". iafastro.org. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
96. "Rocket Factory Augsburg unterzeichnet weitere Startverträge". OHB SE (in German). Retrieved 2021-08-04.
97. "Zehn Fragen an die Rocket Factory Augsburg". OHB SE (in German). Retrieved 2021-08-04.
98. "Home". Rocket Factory Augsburg. Retrieved 2021-08-04.
99. "Rockot User's Guide, Chapter 3: General Performance Capabilities (5.0)" (PDF). Eurockot Launch Services. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
100. "Rokot (Rockot)". space.skyrocket.de. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
101. "Strela". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
102. Russian Strela Launches Kondor Satellite (retrieved 24 Sept 2014)
103. Nyirady, Annamarie (23 July 2019). "Lockheed Martin invests in ABL Space Systems". satellitetoday.com. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
104. "Shavit page on Encyclopedia Astronautica". Archived from the original on 14 February 2014. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
105. "Simorgh (Safir-2)". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
106. Krebs, Gunter. "GYUB (South Korean Solid Fueled LV)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
107. "SLS fact sheet, PDF, Nasa website" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-02-03. Retrieved 2012-06-04.
108. Clark, Stephen (1 May 2020). "Hopeful for launch next year, NASA aims to resume SLS operations within weeks". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 29 October 2020.
109. "R-7 Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
110. "РКЦ Прогресс РН "Союз-2"". en.samspace.ru. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
111. "SS-520". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2017-01-11.
112. SpaceX (29 September 2017). "Making Life Multiplanetary". Retrieved 2 November 2017 – via YouTube.^{[unreliable source?]}
113. Foust, Jeff (2017-09-29). "Musk unveils revised version of giant interplanetary launch system". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2017-10-16.
114. Ralph, Eric. "SpaceX will launch its Mars spaceship into orbit as early as 2020". Teslarati.com. Retrieved 12 March 2018.^{[unreliable source?]}
115. "SpaceX".
116. "Elon Musk renames his BFR spacecraft Starship". BBC News. 20 November 2018.
117. "Start". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
118. "Taurus / Minotaur-C". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
119. "Space Pioneer rockets". Retrieved January 4, 2023.
120. Jones, Andrew (16 February 2023). "Chinese rocket firm Space Pioneer set for first launch". spacenews.com. Retrieved 19 February 2023.
121. Jones, Andrew (7 July 2023). "Chinese launch firm secures fresh funding for reusable rocket". spacenews.com. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
122. "North Korea Successfully Launches Satellite: Reports", SPACE.com, December 12, 2012 (accessed 24 Sept. 2014)
123. "Status of North Korean Satellite unknown after prolonged Radio Silence, Reports of Tumbling – Spaceflight101". 12 February 2016.
124. Kyle, Ed. "New Launchers - ESA Vega". spacelaunchreport.com. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
125. "Launch Vehicle". Skyroot Aerospace. 2019-01-10. Archived from the original on 2020-12-15. Retrieved 2019-04-21.
126. Messier, Doug (7 October 2020). "Brazil Plans Launch of Brazilian Orbital Rocket from Brazilian Soil in 2022". Parabolic Arc. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
127. "VLM". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
128. "VLS". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
129. Bruno, Tory. "Lots of requests to update the Capabilities info-G with the #VulcanRocket. (ie; future systems). Here you go.pic.twitter.com/QGK835yStI". Retrieved 2 November 2017.
130. "United Launch Alliance to lay off up to 875 by end of 2017: CEO". Reuters. 14 April 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
131. "ULA now planning first launch of Vulcan in 2021". SpaceNews.com. 2018-10-25. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
132. "Atlas V, Delta IV and Vulcan technical summary" (PDF). ulalaunch.com. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
133. "Russia to launch super-heavy rocket to Moon in 2032–2035". TASS. 23 January 2018. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
134. Zak, Anatoly (19 February 2019). "The Yenisei super-heavy rocket". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 20 February 2019.
135. "Possible dates for the launch of the Don super-heavy rocket have been named (In Russian)". RIA Novosti. 14 September 2019.
136. "Russian super-heavy rocket slated to launch in 2028 (In Russian)". TASS. 8 June 2017.
137. "Zenit Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
138. Faust, Jeff (23 January 2024). "Latitude raises $30 million for small launch vehicle development". SpaceNews. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
139. Werner, Debra (9 August 2018). "Japan's Interstellar Technologies goes full throttle toward small orbital rocket". SpaceNews. Retrieved 11 August 2018.
140. Bell, Adrian (11 July 2023). "Landspace claims win in the methane race to orbit via second ZhuQue-2 launch". nasaspaceflight.com. Retrieved 2023-07-12.
141. Jones, Andrew (9 December 2023). "Landspace launches third methane Zhuque-2, targets 2025 launch of new stainless steel rocket". spacenews.com. Retrieved 2023-12-09.
142. Axe, David. "Iran's New Space Rocket Could Double As A Nuclear Missile". Forbes. Retrieved 2021-03-08.
143. "Zoljanah". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
144. esa. "ESA". European Space Agency. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
145. "Ariane-1, -2, -3, -4". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
146. "Intelsat Pair lifted into Orbit in Record-Setting Ariane 5 Launch". Spaceflight 101. 24 August 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
147. "Ariane-5". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
148. "FAA Semi- Annual Launch Report" (PDF). Retrieved 2 November 2017.
149. "Arianespace aims high in Asia-Pacific". FlightGlobal. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
150. "ASLV page, Astronautix". Archived from the original on June 28, 2002. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
151. "Lunar Prospector". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
152. "Athena-2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 8 November 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
153. "Atlas-G Centaur-D1AR". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
154. "Atlas Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
155. "Atlas I". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on August 27, 2002. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
156. "Atlas-1 (Atlas-I)". space.skyrocket.de. Archived from the original on 3 March 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
157. Spaceflight Now, Atlas IIAS (accessed 24 Sept 2014)
158. "Atlas-2AS (Atlas-IIAS)". space.skyrocket.de. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
159. Tariq Malik "Final Atlas 2 Rocket Orbits Classified U.S. Satellite", Space News, August 31, 2004 (Accessed 24 Sept 2014)
160. Space Launch Report: Atlas III Data Sheet (accessed 24 Sept. 2014)
161. "Atlas IIIA". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2013-07-01. Retrieved 2014-09-24.
162. Hill, C. N. (2001). "Black Arrow". A Vertical Empire: The History of the UK Rocket and Space Programme, 1950-1971 (2006 ed.). London: Imperial College Press. pp. 155–188. ISBN 1-86094-268-7.
163. "Thor Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
164. "Full perfs of Delta Family, SkyRocket.de". Archived from the original on 2012-02-17. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
165. "Delta-7925H (Delta-II)". space.skyrocket.de. Archived from the original on 26 July 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
166. "Delta 3 on Encyclopedia Astronautica, Astronautix". Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
167. "Delta III Data Sheet". Space Launch Report. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
168. Delta IV Heavy, Delta IV.
169. "Dnepr SLS User's Guide" (PDF). ISC Kosmotras. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
170. Krebs, Gunter D. "Dnepr". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved February 13, 2023.
171. Clark, Stephen (30 December 2016). "Iridium satellites closed up for launch on Falcon 9 rocket". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 30 December 2016. Russian officials have said they plan to discontinue Dnepr launches.
172. Russian Space Web, Energia page. Retrieved 21 September 2010
173. "Encyclopedia Astronautica Falcon 1". Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
174. Clark, Stephen (July 14, 2009). "Commercial launch of SpaceX Falcon 1 rocket a success". Spaceflight Now.
175. Krebs, Gunter. "FB-1 (Feng Bao-1)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
176. "H-1". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03.
177. "Kosmos 3M page on Encyclopedia Astronautica". Archived from the original on 28 January 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
178. "Kosmos / Kosmos-2". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
179. Krebs, Gunter. "Kaituozhe-2 (KT-2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
180. "CZ-1D page on Encyclopedia Astronautica". Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
181. "CZ-1". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
182. "List of retired launchers, Encyclopedia Astronautica". Archived from the original on 16 March 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
183. "M-class". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
184. "Complex N1-L3 Components". S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia". Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
185. "N-2". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 8 November 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2013.
186. Bergin, Chris (30 January 2013). "South Korea launch STSAT-2C via KSLV-1". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
187. "Safir". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
188. NASA, Saturn launch vehicles (PDF)
189. "Saturn-1 & Saturn-1B". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
190. "Saturn-5". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
191. "ch6". history.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
192. "Scout Family". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
193. "Vysota / Volna / Shtil". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
194. Claude Lafleur, SLV / Indian Launch Vehicle, Spacecraft Encyclopedia (accessed Sept 25 2014)
195. "NASA – Space Shuttle and International Space Station". Nasa.gov. Archived from the original on May 7, 2011. Retrieved August 7, 2010.
196. "Terran". Relativity Space. Retrieved January 20, 2019.
197. "Titan Family". space.skyrocket.de. Archived from the original on 11 April 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
198. "Titan-4". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
199. "Tsiklon". space.skyrocket.de. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
200. "Vanguard Page on Encyclopedia Astronautica. Vanguard 3 satellite was 23 kg". Archived from the original on 30 October 2013. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
201. Jones, Andrew (10 July 2018). "Commercial Chinese companies set sights on methalox rockets, first orbital launches". SpaceNews. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
202. Jones, Andrew (27 October 2018). "Landspace fails to reach orbit with milestone private Chinese launch". Retrieved 28 October 2018.