Chilocardamum

Chilocardamum is a small genus of four herbaceous cress-like species of plants in the family Brassicaceae, only found growing in Patagonia, southern Argentina.

Chilocardamum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Brassicales
Family:	Brassicaceae
Tribe:	Thelypodieae
Genus:	Chilocardamum O.E.Schulz[1]
Synonyms[2]
Dimitria Ravenna

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1924 by the German botanist Otto Eugen Schulz.^[1] The first known species, Ch. patagonicum, was initially classified as a Sisymbrium by Carlo Luigi Spegazzini in 1897.^[3][4] The other three species were more recently moved to this genus from Sisymbrium by the Iraqi botanist Ihsan Ali Al-Shehbaz, when he resurrected the genus in 2006.^[5] Dimitria was a monotypic genus created by the Chilean botanist Pierfelice Ravenna to house Ch. onuridifolium in 1972;^[6] now considered a synonym of the genus Chilocardamum,^[2] it was already synonymised with Sisymbrium by the Argentine botanist M. C. Romanczuk in 1981.^[6]

Description

Chilocardamum is quite similar in fruit and flower to Zuloagocardamum and Weberbauera. It is distinguished by having trichomes which are branched and dendritic, rarely with a few simple trichomes in the indumentum, the basal leaves are sessile and linear or awl-shaped, the stems are elongated and have cauline leaves, the inflorescence is an ebracteate raceme which is longer than the basal leaves, and seeds without mucilage. The fruit are non-curved, linear siliques which are not torulose.^[7]

Distribution

The genus is endemic to southern Argentina.^[2][3]

Species

As of 2017, the four species accepted in the Plants of the World Online database, and in the Flora del Conosur, are:^[2][3]

• Chilocardamum castellanosii (O.E.Schulz) Al-Shehbaz
• Chilocardamum longistylum (Romanczuk) Al-Shehbaz
• Chilocardamum onuridifolium (Ravenna) Al-Shehbaz
• Chilocardamum patagonicum (Speg.) O.E.Schulz

References

1. "Chilocardamum O.E.Schulz". International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries and Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
2. "Chilocardamum O.E.Schulz". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
3. "Búsqueda rápida de Géneros - Chilocardamum". Flora del Conosur (in Spanish). Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
4. "Sisymbrium patagonicum Speg". International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries and Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
5. Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan Ali (4 December 2006). "The genus Sisymbrium in South America, with synopses of the genera Chilocardamum, Mostacillastrum, Neuontobotrys, and Polypsecadium (Brassicaceae)". Darwiniana. 44 (2): 343–344. ISSN 0011-6793. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
6. "Dimitria onuridifolia". International Plant Names Index. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries and Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 21 October 2020.
7. Salariato, D. L.; Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan Ali (2014). "Zuloagocardamum (Brassicaceae: Thelypodieae) a New Genus from the Andes Highlands of Northern Argentina". Systematic Botany. 39 (2): 563–577. doi:10.1600/036364414X680898. hdl:11336/100994. S2CID 85386273. Retrieved 21 October 2020.