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1833-1835 U.S. Congress From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 23rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1833, to March 4, 1835, during the fifth and sixth years of Andrew Jackson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. The Senate had an Anti-Jacksonian or National Republican majority, and the House had a Jacksonian or Democratic majority.
| 23rd United States Congress | |
|---|---|
22nd ← → 24th | |
United States Capitol (1827) | |
March 4, 1833 – March 4, 1835 | |
| Members | 48 senators 240 representatives 3 non-voting delegates |
| Senate majority | National Republican |
| Senate President | Martin Van Buren (J) |
| House majority | Jacksonian |
| House Speaker | Andrew Stevenson (J) John Bell (J) |
| Sessions | |
| 1st: December 2, 1833 – June 30, 1834 2nd: December 1, 1834 – March 4, 1835 | |
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
|
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Republican (NR) |
Jacksonian (J) | Nullifier (N) | |||
| End of previous congress | 23 | 23 | 1 | 47 | 1 |
| Begin | 25 | 19 | 1 | 45 | 3 |
| End | 26 | 20 | 2 | 48 | 0 |
| Final voting share | 54.2% | 41.7% | 4.2% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 24 | 21 | 2 | 47 | 1 |
For the beginning of this congress, the size of the House was increased from 213 seats to 240 seats, following the 1830 United States Census.[2]
|
| Party (shading shows control) |
Total | Vacant | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Republican (NR) |
Anti- Masonic (AM) | Jacksonian (J) | Nullifier (N) | |||
| End of previous congress | 62 | 17 | 129 | 4 | 212 | 1 |
| Begin | 60 | 25 | 145 | 9 | 239 | 1 |
| End | 62 | 143 | 8 | 238 | 2 | |
| Final voting share | 26.1% | 10.5% | 60.1% | 3.4% | ||
| Beginning of next congress | 76 | 15 | 139 | 8 | 238 | 2 |
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This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1838; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1834; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1836.
Alabama
Connecticut
Delaware
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Mississippi
|
Missouri
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Vermont
Virginia
|
 2 Jacksonians
1 Jacksonian and 1 Anti-Jacksonian
2 Anti-Jacksonians
2 Nullifiers |
 Hugh Lawson White  George Poindexter  John Tyler
|
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) |
Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[a] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Carolina (3) |
Vacant since March 3, 1833, due to the resignation of Stephen Decatur Miller (N). Successor was elected November 26, 1833. |
William C. Preston (N) | November 26, 1833 | |
| Mississippi (1) |
Vacant from the start of this Congress due to the state legislature's failure to elect. Appointee who had held the seat at the end of the previous Congress was elected November 22, 1833. |
John Black (NR) | November 22, 1833 | |
| Pennsylvania (1) |
Vacant from the start of this Congress due to the state legislature's failure to elect. Successor was elected December 7, 1833. |
Samuel McKean (J) | December 7, 1833 | |
| Louisiana (3) |
Josiah S. Johnston (NR) | Died May 19, 1833. Successor was elected December 19, 1833. |
Alexander Porter (NR) | December 19, 1833 |
| Missouri (3) |
Alexander Buckner (J) | Died June 6, 1833. Successor was appointed December 19, 1833, and subsequently elected to finish the term. |
Lewis F. Linn (J) | October 25, 1833 |
| Georgia (2) |
George Troup (J) | Resigned November 8, 1833. Successor was elected November 21, 1833. |
John P. King (D) | November 21, 1833 |
| Virginia (2) |
William Rives (J) | Resigned February 22, 1834. Successor was elected February 26, 1834. |
Benjamin W. Leigh (NR) | February 26, 1834 |
| Pennsylvania (3) |
William Wilkins (J) | Resigned June 30, 1834, to become U.S. Minister to Russia. Successor elected December 6, 1834. |
James Buchanan (J) | December 6, 1834 |
| Georgia (3) |
John Forsyth (J) | Resigned July 27, 1834, to become U.S. Secretary of State. Successor elected January 12, 1835. |
Alfred Cuthbert (J) | January 12, 1835 |
| Maryland (3) |
Ezekiel F. Chambers (NR) | Resigned December 20, 1834, to become judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals. Successor elected January 13, 1835. |
Robert H. Goldsborough (NR) | January 13, 1835 |
| Maine (2) |
Peleg Sprague (NR) | Resigned January 1, 1835. Successor elected January 20, 1835. |
John Ruggles (J) | January 20, 1835 |
| District | Vacated by | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation[a] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kentucky 5th | Vacant | Contested election of Thomas P. Moore. House denied either party the seat and declared new election | Robert P. Letcher (NR) | Seated August 6, 1834 |
| Pennsylvania 1 | Joel B. Sutherland (J) | Resigned before the term to become a judge, but then left that judgeship to seek his old seat and re-elected October 8, 1833. | Joel B. Sutherland (J) | Seated December 2, 1833 |
| Virginia 5th | John Randolph (J) | Died May 24, 1833 | Thomas T. Bouldin (J) | Seated December 2, 1833 |
| South Carolina 3rd | Thomas D. Singleton (N) | Died November 25, 1833 | Robert B. Campbell (N) | Seated February 27, 1834 |
| South Carolina 5th | George McDuffie (N) | Resigned some time in 1834. | Francis W. Pickens (N) | Seated December 8, 1834 |
| Louisiana 3rd | Henry A. Bullard (NR) | Resigned January 4, 1834, after being appointed as a judge of the Supreme Court of Louisiana | Rice Garland (NR) | Seated April 28, 1834 |
| Massachusetts 5th | John Davis (NR) | Resigned January 14, 1834, after being elected Governor of Massachusetts | Levi Lincoln (NR) | Seated March 5, 1834 |
| Virginia 5th | Thomas T. Bouldin (J) | Died February 11, 1834 | James W. Bouldin (J) | Seated March 28, 1834 |
| Ohio 1st | Robert T. Lytle (J) | Resigned March 10, 1834 | Robert T. Lytle (J) | Re-seated December 27, 1834 |
| South Carolina 8th | James Blair (J) | Died April 1, 1834 | Richard I. Manning (J) | Seated December 8, 1834 |
| Maryland 1st | Littleton P. Dennis (J) | Died April 14, 1834 | John N. Steele (J) | Seated June 9, 1834 |
| Connecticut at-large | Samuel A. Foot (NR) | Resigned May 9, 1834, after becoming Governor of Connecticut | Ebenezer Jackson Jr. (NR) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| New York 3rd | Cornelius V. Lawrence (J) | Resigned May 14, 1834, after becoming Mayor of New York City. This was a plural district with 4 representatives. | John J. Morgan (J) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Virginia 11th | Andrew Stevenson (J) | Resigned June 2, 1834 | John Robertson (NR) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Massachusetts 2nd | Rufus Choate (NR) | Resigned June 30, 1834 | Stephen C. Phillips (NR) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| New York 3rd | Dudley Selden (J) | Resigned July 1, 1834. This was a plural district with 4 representatives. | Charles G. Ferris (J) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Connecticut at-large | William W. Ellsworth (NR) | Resigned July 8, 1834 | Joseph Trumbull (NR) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Ohio 19th | Humphrey H. Leavitt (J) | Resigned July 10, 1834, after becoming judge of the US District Court of Ohio | Daniel Kilgore (J) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Vermont 5th | Benjamin F. Deming (AM) | Died July 11, 1834 | Henry F. Janes (AM) | Seated December 2, 1834 |
| Illinois 1st | Charles Slade (J) | Died July 26, 1834 | John Reynolds (J) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Connecticut at-large | Jabez W. Huntington (NR) | Resigned August 16, 1834, after being appointed judge of the Connecticut Supreme Court of Errors | Phineas Miner (NR) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Illinois 3rd | Joseph Duncan (J) | Resigned September 21, 1834, after being elected Governor of Illinois | William L. May (J) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Louisiana 1st | Edward D. White (NR) | Resigned November 15, 1834, to become Governor of Louisiana | Henry Johnson (NR) | Seated December 1, 1834 |
| Georgia at-large | James M. Wayne (J) | Resigned January 13, 1835, after being appointed an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court | Not filled in this Congress | |
| South Carolina 6th | Warren R. Davis (N) | Died January 29, 1835 | ||
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
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